Drilling Jar Manual for Excellence, Integrity and Leadership

Excellence. Integrity. Leadership.
PD DOUBLE ACTING,
HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL
DRILLING JAR
MANUAL
PD DOUBLE ACTING HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL DRILLING JAR
Description
A Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar installed in the drilling string is immediately available to apply
jarring action and release the stuck portion of the drilling string.
The PD Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar is designed for use during drilling operations to apply
an intensified force either up or down against a stuck portion of the drilling string.
The force or over pull required to free a stuck drill string must be applied in addition to the load already supported
by the drilling rig and the drill pipe. This combination force often exceeds the safe tensile strength of the drill
pipe, and sometimes the hoisting capacity of the drilling rig. This usually results in a costly and time consuming
fishing operation.
The PD Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar was developed to incorporate the features of both
hydraulic and mechanical Drilling Jars. Its unique design combines both hydraulic time delay release and a
mechanical lock mechanism, in one relatively short, Double Acting Drilling Jar. This tool provides several distinct
advantages over conventional hydraulic or mechanical Drilling Jars.
Hydraulic time delay allows the operator to vary the over pull applied, then apply the draw-works drum brake.
The jarring force is therefore easily controlled and damage to the hoisting equipment is prevented.
Mechanical lock mechanism prevents jar movement during normal drilling operations, eliminating unnecessary
wear of internal components.
Location in BHA is less restricted. Jar can be used in tension or compression within the limits of the lock setting.
No safety collars or special handling procedures are required on the rig floor.
Will not fire unexpectedly when drilling or tripping in or out of the hole.
The lock mechanism re-sets automatically, locking the jar in the neutral position.
Linear action lock mechanism is not affected by torque.

Double acting, jarring action in both up and down directions.
To jar up, tension is applied to the jar stretching the drill string. When the jar releases, the energy stored in the
stretched drill string accelerates the jar mandrel rapidly to its fully extended position. The sudden stop of the jar
mandrel converts the kinetic energy of the moving mass of the drill collars into and intense impact or jarring force.
This impact force will vary depending on the actual operating conditions, but can reach eight times the initial over
pull.
The jar down, weight is slacked of until the force applied to the jar exceeds the mechanical down lock setting. The
lock will then release, allowing the drill string to drop free. When the jar reaches its fully closed position, an
intense impact force is applied to the stuck portion of the drilling string.
Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Email: sales@knightoiltools.com Website: www.knightoiltools.com
Description (Continued)
The jar down, weight is slacked of until the force applied to the jar exceeds the mechanical down lock setting. The
lock will then release, allowing the drill string to drop free. When the jar reaches its fully closed position, an
intense impact force is applied to the stuck portion of the drilling string.
Operations
The PD Double Acting, Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar must be installed in the drill string with the mandrel
end up. Prior to make up a suitable thread compound meeting A.P.I Spec. 7, Appendix F should be applied to
the end connection.
Protect the mandrel sealing surface from possible damage during handling or storage. Never apply tongs, slips,
chains or slings to this area.
Rig tongs should be applied immediately adjacent to the top and bottom connections to avoid breaking or
torqueing the jar body connections. All body connections are torqued to specification at the service center. Avoid
breaking these connections at the rig.
The up and down lock release are marked on the jar before shipment. These settings should be recorded before
the tool is run into the hole.
The PD double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar is operated by a simple up and down motion of the drill
string. The intensity of the up-jarring force is directly proportional to applied tension. In the up-jarring mode, as
the applied tension exceeds the lock setting, the mechanical lock releases and the hydraulic delay sequence begins.
After a brief time delay, the jar mandrel is suddenly released and accelerates to the fully extended position.
In the down-jarring mode as the compression force applied to the jar exceeds the down-lock setting, the
mechanical lock releases immediately allowing the jar mandrel to move freely to the fully closed position.
Placement
Determining the ideal jar position in the bottom hole assembly, is a complex issue, where several factors must be
considered. Some of these factors are:
Anticipating type of sticking; differential or mechanical.

Hole condition. trajectory and inclination.
Configuration of bottom hole assembly
Pump pressure
Buoyancy factor of the drilling fluid.
Planned range of weight on bit.
Overpull availability.
Safe working strength of the drill pipe
Lock setting on the jar.

Placement (Continued)
Although each situation and combination of factors is unique, there are some general guidelines that can be used
to select the location of the jar:
In zones where differential sticking is anticipated, locate the jar relatively high in the BHA, to minimize the
chance of becoming stuck above the jar.
Where mechanical sticking is more common, the jar may be located lower in the BHA, for increase jarring
efficiency.
Axial forces acting on the PD Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar while drilling should not
exceed 50% of the lock settings. This will provide an adequate safety factor for normal load variations.
For maximum jarring efficiency, the PD Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar should be located
as close as possible above the anticipated stuck point, but at least two drill collar lengths above the top
stabilizer. This usually locates the jar below the neutral point in the bottom hole assembly and therefore places
the jar in compression.
A sufficient number of drill collars and / or heavy weight drill pipe should be run above the jar, to provide the
necessary mass to jar down.
To avoid becoming stuck above the jar the drill string above must not exceed the jar diameter.
Avoid locating the PD Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jar at a cross over between BHA
components of different diameters such as drill collars and heavy weight drill pipe. The jar should be placed a
minimum of two joints above or below a crossover. Although the drilling jar should be placed as close as
possible above the anticipated stuck point, the jar should never be placed immediately above the top stabilizer.
Whipping of the drill collars could create sever bending stresses on the jar if placed at this location. A minimum
of two drill collar lengths should be placed between the jar and top stabilizer to:
Minimize bending stresses in jar.
Minimize the risk of becoming stuck above the jar in sloughing formations
Provide a clear target for string shot if required.

Jarring
Mechanical Lock Settings

The lock release force is adjusted to suit normal drilling requirements, at the time of assembly. On request, these
settings can be changed for special applications.
To prevent the jar from releasing accidentally, the total force acting on the jar must be less than the lock settings.
Pump Open Force

If circulation is maintained while jarring, the pressure drop across the bit creates a force tending to extend the jar.
The pump open force must be considered in the following calculations since it reduces the force required to jar up
and increases the force required to jar down. The pump open force is calculated by multiplying the pressure drop
across the bit by the pump open area.
EXAMPLE: 6 1/2 Jar with 1000 psi Bit Pressure Drop
Pump Open Force = 19.64 in. sq. x 1,000 psi = 19,640 Pound Force
Wall Drag
Additional force may be required to compensate for wall drag, especially in deviated holes. The amount of
compensation should be determined from the weigh indicator readings during tripping before the drill string
became stuck.
Free String Weight

The free string weight is the weight of string above the jar. To determine the free string weight subtracts the
weight below the jar from the total string weight.
Jarring Up
The force applied to the following to the above free string weight, must be greater than the up latch setting, but
less than the recommended maximum load during hydraulic delay. To determine the overpull above the free string
weight, subtract the pump open force from the up latch setting.

Jarring Up (Continued)
EXAMPLE: 6 1/2 Jar with 1,000PSI Bit Pressure Drop
Imperial Units
Up Lock Setting 70,000lb
Maximum Load During Hydraulic Delay 180,000lb
Pump Open Force 19,640 lb
Minimum Overpull Required 70,000 -19,640
180,000 19,640
Maximum Recommended Overpull
160,360lb
To jar upward, apply the calculated overpull and set the draw-works brake. The mechanical latch will release and
the delay sequence will begin. After the time delay of approximately 30 seconds, the jar will fire.
Lower the drill string until the weight indicator reads less than the free string weight indicating that the latch has re
-engaged. The jar is ready for another jarring cycle or to resume normal drilling operations.
Jarring Down
To determine the slack off required from the free string weight add the pump open force to the down latch
setting.
EXAMPLE: 6 1/2 Jar with 1,000 PSI Bit Pressure Drop
Imperial Units
Down Lock Setting 29,000lb
Pump Open Force 19,640 lb
29,000 + 19,640
Slack off from the free string weight
48,640lb

Jarring Down (Continued)

To jar downward lower the drilling string until the calculated weight is slacked off, at which point the mechanical
latch is released. To re-latch the jar raise the drilling string until the weight indicator shows an increase above free
string weight. This indicates the latch has re-engaged and that the jar is ready for another jarring cycle.
Inspection
On each round trip the jar should be visually inspected fro any indication of damage, excessive wear or leakage.
When the jar is first removed from the hole a small quantity of drilling fluid may be noticed draining from the
balancing ports. This condition is normal and does not indicate a problem.
Maintenance & Storage

New tools are shipped painted. The threaded ends are treated with iron-phosphate and coated with rust
preventative coating. Heavy duty thread protectors are installed to eliminate mechanical damage.
When the jar is to be laid down the following should be done:
1. Flush all drilling fluid from the bore and from the balancing chamber with fresh water.
2. Wash external surfaces of the tool
3. Apply thread compound and protectors to the end connections.
Tools stored horizontally should be rotated to a new position occasionally to prevent seals from setting and
resultant fluid leakage.

9-1/2 PD DOUBLE ACTING HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL DRILLING JAR
9 1/2" PD Double Acting Hydraulic / Mechanical Drilling Jar 9 1/2" PD Double Acting Hydraulic / Mechanical Drilling Jar
Item Description Qty Part No. Item Description Qty Part No.
18 Safety Screen 2 JF0505-80
1 Upper connector 1 JH9161
2 Drive Mandrel 1 JH9010 19 Jet Retainer Screw 2 GS63F38-125
3 Female Spline 1 JH9030 20 By-Pass Ring 2 MT9270
4 Knocker housing 1 JH9040 21 Retaining Collar 1 MT9280
22 Lock Segments (Set) 1 MT9300
5 Lock housing 1 JH9070
23 Spring Pin. 18 SP3 - 38
6 Pressure Chamber 1 JH9080
24 Taper Ring 2 MT9310
7 Balance Housing 1 JH91090
25 Pre Load Ring 1 MT9320
8 Lower Connector 1 JH9100
26 Retainer Nut 1 MT9340
9 Hydraulic Mandrel 1 JH9110 27 Retaining Bolt. 3 SB31F38-550
10 Lock Mandrel 1 JH9120 28 Pre Load Spring 3 C-5512880
11 Spline Bearing 1 MT9190 29 Belleville Springs 12 189-135-16-20
12 Knocker 1 MT9200 30 Male Adjuster 1 MT9350
13 Pressure Piston 2 MT9220 31 Female Adjuster 1 MT9360
14 Valve Spacer 1 MT9260 32 Setting Screw. 2 GS25C38
15 Valve 2 MT9251 33 Balance Piston 1 MT9370
16 Jet. Jeva. UP 1 JET 547D 34 Fill Plugs 6 GS50F50-110K
17 Jet. Jeva. DOWN 1 JET 280D 35 Seal Kit 1 PDJ95-SLK

8 PD DOUBLE ACTING HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL DRILLING JAR
8" PD Double Acting Hydraulic / Mechanical Drilling Jar 8" PD Double Acting Hydraulic / Mechanical Drilling Jar
1 Upper connector 1 JH8162 18 Safety Screen 2 JF0505-80
20 By-Pass Ring 2 MT8270
3 Female Spline 1 JH8030
21 Retaining Collar 1 8281
4 Knocker housing 1 JH8040
22 Lock Segments (Set) 1 8300
5 Lock housing 1 JH8070
24 Taper Ring 2 8311
25 Pre Load Ring 1 8341
9 Hydraulic Mandrel 1 JH8110
27 Retaining Bolt. 3 SB31F38-550
10 Lock Mandrel 1 JH8120
28 Pre Load Spring 3 C-5512880
12 Knocker 1 MT8200 30 Male Adjuster 1 8352
13 Pressure Piston 2 MT8221 31 Female Adjuster 1 8361
16 Jet. Jeva. UP 1 JET 769D 34 Fill Plugs 6 GS50F50-110K
17 Jet. Jeva. DOWN 1 JET 408D 35 Seal Kit 1 PDJ80-SLK

3 Female Spline 1 JH6030 20 By-Pass Ring 2 MT6270
4 Knocker housing 1 JH6040 21 Retaining Collar 1 6281
5 Lock housing 1 JH6070 22 Lock Segments (Set) 1 6300
24 Taper Ring 2 6311
25 Pre Load Ring 1 6341
12 Knocker 1 MT6200 30 Male Adjuster 1 6351
13 Pressure Piston 2 MT6221 31 Female Adjuster 1 6361
16 Jet. Jeva. UP 1 JET 152H 34 Fill Plugs 6 GS50F50-110K
17 Jet. Jeva. DOWN 1 JET 152H 35 Seal Kit 1 PDJ65-SLK

3 Female Spline 1 JH47031 21 Retaining Collar 1 MT4280
4 Knocker housing 1 JH47041 22 Lock Segments (Set) 1 MT4300
5 Lock housing 1 JH47071 23 Spring Pin. 18 SP2.5 - 24
6 Pressure Chamber 1 JH47081 24 Taper Ring 2 MT4310
7 Balance Housing 1 JH471090 25 Pre Load Ring 1 MT4340
8 Lower Connector 1 JH47102 26 Retainer Nut 1 MT4380
9 Hydraulic Mandrel 1 JH47111 27 Retaining Bolt. 3 SB19F25-550
10 Lock Mandrel 1 JH4120 28 Pre Load Spring 3 C-5511940
12 Mandrel Bearing 1 MT4210 30 Male Adjuster 1 MT4350
13 Pressure Piston 1 MT4220 31 Female Adjuster 1 MT4360

3 Female Spline 1 JH41030 21 Retaining Collar 1 MT41280
4 Knocker housing 1 JH41040 22 Lock Segments (Set) 1 MT41300
5 Lock housing 1 JH41070 24 Taper Ring 2 MT41310
25 Pre Load Ring 1 MT41340
26 Fixed Piston 1 MT41380
29 Belleville Springs 18 80-60-5-7
11 Spline Bearing 1 MT41190
13 Pressure Piston 1 MT41220 30 Male Adjuster 1 MT41350
14 Valve Spacer 1 MT41260 31 Female Adjuster 1 MT41360
15 Valve 2 MT41250 32 Setting Screw. 2 GS19C31

CAPABILITY
Knight Manufacturing, LLC uses state-of-the-art equipment to manufacture downhole tools
to the highest standards, including Double Acting Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Jars/
Energizers, Fishing Jars/Energizers, Bumper Subs, Shock Tools, Kelly Valves and Drill stem
Subs to name a few. The companys 52,800-ft2 Broussard, LA facility houses the latest in
CNC lathes and milling machines, and with the added benefit of our own in house
Engineering department, offer our own designed product lines and also the service of
QUALITY
Knights dedication to quality is second to none and is symbolized by the seal shown below.
This seal is a promise to ensure excellence through safety and quality; integrity through
trust and values; and leadership through accountability, innovation and technology for its
employees, customers, products and services.
Knight Manufacturing is accredited to API 5CT and 7-1, threader and API 7-1 Supply of
Kelly Valves and drill stem subs.
7-1-0520
5CT-1126


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Excellence. Integrity. Leadership.

Linear action lock mechanism is not affected by torque.

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Anticipating type of sticking; differential or mechanical.

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Mechanical Lock Settings

Pump Open Force

Free String Weight

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Minimum Overpull Required 70,000 -19,640

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Jarring Down (Continued)

Maintenance & Storage

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

Knight Manufacturing, LLC Phone: 1.337.233.0464

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