Professional Documents
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LASER
LASERS AND ITZ APPLICATIONS IN DENTISTRY
Introduction
History
Fundamentals Of Laser Operation
Classification Of Lasers
Current Uses
Technique For Use Of Laser In OMFS
Laser Safety
Conclusion
Introduction 3
E1
E2
Spontaneous Emission 8
Stimulated Emission 9
Background Physics 10
Components -
Active medium [ Lasing Medium ]
Pumping mechanism
Optical Resonators
Laser Delivery System
Cooling system
Control Panel
12
E2 E2 E2 13
h h
h h In
Out
h
E1 E1 E1
Monochromaticity
Directionality
Coherence
Brightness
Photobiology Of Lasers 16
Photochemical
Biostimulation - Stimulatory effects of laser on
biochemical and molecular processes that
normally occur in tissues such as healing and
repair.
Photodynamic Therapy induce reactions in
tissues for the treatment of pathologic condition.
Tissue fluorescence - used as a diagnostic
method to detect light reactive substance in
tissue.
Photo thermal interactions- 17
Photo ablation removal of tissue by vaporization and
super heating of tissue fluids , coagulation, and
hemostasis.
Photopyrolysis
Photomechanical
Angioplasty
Cancer diagnosis
Cancer treatment
Laser hair removal , tattoo removal
Dermatology
Medical imaging
Microscopy
Ophthalmology
Optical coherence tomography
Prostatectomy
Surgery
Laser Dentistry
Photodynamic Therapy 25
Uses In Dentistry 26
Excimer Lasers
Hard tissue ablation/ Dental Caries removal.
Argon Fluoride / Xenon fluoride lasers are used.
They have a wave length from193nm to 308nm.
Gas Laser 27
Carbon dioxide lasers are used for intra oral and implant
soft tissue surgery , aphthous ulcer , melanin pigmentation.
Has a wavelength of 10600nm. Color- Infrared
Helium Neon Lasers has a wavelength of 637nm and is used
for dentin hypersensitivity , analgesia etc. Color-Red
Argon lasers having a wavelength of 488nm & are used for
tooth whitening , curing of composites , curettage etc
Color-Blue
Diode Lasers 28
Fibroma
Mucocele
Papilloma
Gingival lesion
Salivary stones
Malignancy removal
Vestibuloplasty
Incisional and excisional biopsy
Tongue lesion treatment
Technique for ablation and vaporization 34
Solar chelitis
Leukoplakia
Dysplasia
Lichen Planus
Oral melanosis
Nicotine stomatitis
Tissue hyperplasia
36
Lasers are also used in arthroscopic surgery of TMJ
Scar revision is also made possible these days with the help of pulsed dye
lasers[PDL]. PDL have hb as their chromophores and penetrate the epidermis
without de-epithelisation. They reduce scar tissue erythema and induce
collagen remodeling to flatten and soften scars. Indicated in cases with
erythematous and hypertrophic scars of maxillofacial region.
Low level Laser therapy 37
Patient Safety