GSM BSS

Flex Abis
Feature Parameter Description

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2010. All rights reserved.

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis Contents

Contents
1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope........................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History............................................................................................................................ 1-1

2 Overview of Flex Abis...............................................................................................................2-1

3 Technical Description...............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 About This Chapter....................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Networking Configuration............................................................................................................. 3-2
3.2 Establishment of Transmission Link.............................................................................................3-2
3.3 Algorithm for Half-Rate Channel Allocation Triggered by Abis Overload......................................3-3
3.3.1 Abis Timeslot Allocation for the TCH....................................................................................3-3
3.3.2 Abis Timeslot Allocation for the PDCH.................................................................................3-4
3.3.3 Abis Resources of the PS Service Preempted by the CS Service.......................................3-4

4 Engineering Guidelines............................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Configuration of the Cascaded BTSs........................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Configuration of BTS combined cabinets and cabinet groups......................................................4-1
4.3 Other Suggestions on the Configuration......................................................................................4-1

5 Parameters...................................................................................................................................5-1
6 Counters.......................................................................................................................................6-1
7 Glossary.......................................................................................................................................7-1
8 Reference Documents.................................................................................................................8-1

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis IntroductionIntroduction

1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the Flex Abis networking, establishment of Abis transmission links, and
algorithm for half-rate channel allocation triggered by Abis overload. (GBFD-117301 Flex Abis)

1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:
Personnel who need to understand Flex Abis
Personnel who work with Huawei products

1.3 Change History

This section provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
Feature change: refers to the change in the Flex Abis feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change: refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier version.

Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
01 (2010-06-30)
Draft (2010-03-30)

01 (2010-06-30)
This is the first release of GBSS12.0.
Compared with issue draft (2010-03-30) of GBSS12.0, issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0
incorporates the changes described in the following table.

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Type
Feature None. None.
change
Editorial Parameters are presented in None.
change the form of Parameter ID
instead of Parameter Name.

Draft (2010-03-30)
This is the draft release of GBSS12.0.

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis Overview of Flex AbisOverview of Flex Abis

2 Overview of Flex Abis

In an actual network, not all the BTSs or cells are busy and not both the PS and CS services have a
high traffic volume at a specific time. Generally, if the load of one BTS is heavy, the load of other BTSs
is light; if the traffic volume of the PS service is high, that of the CS service is low, and vice versa. Flex
Abis (Flexible Abis) enables the sharing of the Abis interface transmission resources among different
BTSs, cells, and services, and thus improves the resource utilization. Flex Abis is a mode of allocating
the Abis interface transmission resources. That is, the Abis interface transmission resources form a
resource pool that is shared by the CS service and PS service (including idle timeslots) among different
cells and BTSs.
The Abis interface transmission resources can be used more effectively when Flex Abis applies to the
following cases:
Multi-cell large-capacity BTSs
Cascaded BTSs
EGPRS capable cells

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis Technical DescriptionTechnical Description

3 Technical Description
3.1 About This Chapter
The transmission resources over the Abis interface can be allocated either fixedly or dynamically.
Fixed allocation mode
In fixed allocation mode, the channels over the Um interface (including the TCH and static PDCH) are
always mapped with the Abis interface transmission resources. That is, the Abis interface
transmission resources are occupied even when the Um interface channels are idle.
Dynamic allocation mode
In dynamic allocation mode, the Abis interface transmission resources form a pool. The Abis interface
transmission resources are allocated to the Um interface channels only when the channels are
occupied. Thus, the Um interface channel resources can be much more abundant than the Abis
interface transmission resources, and the Abis interface transmission resources can be fully utilized in
different time slices. Flex Abis features the dynamic allocation of Abis interface transmission
resources, which improves the utilization of the resources, as shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 1.1 Working principle of Flex Abis

0 0
clock clock
Fixed Dynamic
10
TRX1 0 10
1
11 11
12 2
12
13 3
13
20 4 20
5
21 21
6
22 22
7
23 23
0
3 0 TRX2 30
1
31 31
2
32 32
3
3 3 33
40 4
40
41 5 41
42 6 42

43 7 43
5 0 50

Occupied Idle

The Flex Abis resource pool consists of all the Abis interface transmission resources, excluding the
static PDCH, semipermanent connection timeslots, monitoring timeslots, signaling link timeslots, Abis
transmission timeslots in fixed allocation mode, and idle timeslots. The Flex Abis resource pool is
shared by the CS service and PS service (including the idle timeslots) among different cells and BTSs.

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Technical DescriptionTechnical Description Flex Abis

The timeslots in the Flex Abis resource pool are allocated to the TCH and PDCH. The full-rate TCH and
PDCH are allocated 16 kbit/s timeslots; whereas the half-rate TCH is allocated the 8 kbit/s timeslot. For
details, see Channel Management Parameter Description and GPRS/EGPRS Channel Management
Parameter Description. When the transmission resources are insufficient, the CS service can preempt
the timeslots of the PS service.
You are advised to enable Flex Abis in the following scenarios to make better use of the Abis interface
transmission resources.
Transmission resources are limited, and the rent for them is very high, for example, in satellite
transmission mode.
The traffic volume in actual situation is far lower than that in the channel resource planning.
The cells that share Abis interface transmission resources have different traffic peak hours.
The proportion of PS service users in the cell is high.

3.1 Networking Configuration

The BSC supports the networking mode of multi-level Flex Abis resource pools among cascaded BTSs.
As shown in Figure 3-2, Link1, Link2, and Link3 correspond to the Abis interface transmission links
between the BSC and BTS0, between BTS0 and BTS1, and between BTS1 and BTS2 respectively. The
transmission over the Abis interface is realized through satellite or one or more E1/T1 cables.
The transmission resources on each Abis interface transmission link form a resource pool for the CS
service and PS service to share.
The transmission resources on Link1 form Pool0.
The resources in Pool0 can be shared by the CS service and PS service on BTS0, BTS1, and BTS2.
The transmission resources on Link2 form Pool1.
The resources in Pool1 can be shared by the CS service and PS service on BTS1 and BTS2.
The transmission resources on Link3 form Pool2.
The resources in Pool2 can be shared by the CS service and PS service on BTS2.
Figure 1.2 Flex Abis network topology

Link1 Link2 Link3

B PoolB1 B B
S T T T
Pool 0
Pool 1
C S S Pool 2 S
0 1 2

3.2 Establishment of Transmission Link

If Flex Abis is enabled, the BSC must allocate the Abis interface transmission resources and establish a
transmission link between the BSC and the BTS.
When a channel on BTS2 is allocated, the BSC must dynamically allocate the Abis interface
transmission resources to Link1, Link2, and Link3 for the channel, and instruct BTS0, BTS1, and BTS2

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis Technical DescriptionTechnical Description

to establish transmission links for the channel, as shown in Figure 3-3. Therefore, the Extended
Signaling Link (ESL) must be configured for each Flex Abis capable BTS to carry the signaling. In 64
kbit/s multiplexing mode, the ESL and Operation and Maintenance Link (OML) must be physically
multiplexed on the same 64 kbit/s E1 timeslot. To increase the number of ESLs, you are advised to
reduce the number of Radio Signaling Links (RSLs) multiplexed with the OML to two by setting the
parameter MPMODE.
Figure 1.3 Working principle of Flex Abis

Pool 2
BTS 2

Link 3

Pool 1

BTS 1

Link 2

BSC Link 1
Pool 0
BTS 0

The configuration principles of MPMODE are as follows:

Generally, the parameter MPMODE is set to 4:1. When Flex Abis is enabled, the parameter
MPMODE can be set to 5:1 or 6:1 to multiplex five or six RSLs onto one 64 kbit/s timeslot without
occupying another 64 kbit/s timeslot.
During the initial configuration of a BTS, set FLEXABISMODE to FLEX_ABIS(Flex Abis) or
SEMI_ABIS(Semisolid Abis) to enable Flex Abis.
After the BTS configuration is complete, set FLEXABISMODE to FLEX_ABIS(Flex Abis) or
SEMI_ABIS(Semisolid Abis) to enable Flex Abis, if required.

3.3 Algorithm for Half-Rate Channel Allocation Triggered by

Abis Overload
3.3.1 Abis Timeslot Allocation for the TCH
Generally, the resources in the Flex Abis resource pool are allocated to the TCH according to its type.
The allocation principles are as follows:
For a full-rate TCH, the 16 kbit/s Abis timeslot is allocated.
For a half-rate TCH, the 8 kbit/s Abis timeslot is allocated.

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Technical DescriptionTechnical Description Flex Abis

After Flex Abis is enabled, the Abis interface may experience insufficiency in transmission resources
prior to the Um interface. In such a case, the half-rate channel allocation is triggered according to the
load of the Abis interface transmission resources to increase the success rate of access.
When the proportion of the remaining Abis resources to the total Abis resources is smaller than
TDMCONGTH, the system allocates half-rate channels to newly-accessed MSs if PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding) load control is applied. If CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO) load control is applied, the
system hands the MSs on the full-rate channels over onto the half-rate channels. In this manner, more
MSs can gain access to the network, thus increasing usage efficiency of transmission resources.
When the Abis resource usage drops below the congestion threshold, the system stops PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding) and CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO) load control.

Congestion threshold is set for controlling usage of the transmission bandwidth. When the threshold is reached, the
following methods of load control can be applied.
PSDOWN(PS Downspeeding): PS service rate decrease
CSPH(CS Preference TCHH): Allocation of half-rate channels to newly-accessed MSs requesting CS services
AMRC(AMRC): Limited AMR rate for MSs in CS services
CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO): Handover of MSs in CS services from the full-rate channel to the half-rate channel
The execution sequence of PSDOWN(PS Downspeeding), AMRC(AMRC), CSPH(CS Preference TCHH), and
CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO) is specified by the parameters LDRFST, LDRSND, LSRTRD, and LDRFOUH.

When all the Abis interface transmission resources are occupied, the new CS service can preempt the
Abis interface transmission resources of the PS service. For details, see Abis Resources of the PS
Service Preempted by the CS Service.

3.3.2 Abis Timeslot Allocation for the PDCH

After Flex Abis is enabled, the transmission resources of the PS service are allocated in the following
ways to improve the utilization of transmission resources:
The BSC allocates a primary link on a per 16 kbit/s sub-timeslot basis.
The BSC dynamically allocates secondary links in steps of 16 kbit/s according to the required coding
rate of the Um interface.

After Flex Abis is enabled, the Abis interface transmission resources can be dynamically allocated without configuring the
static PDTCH and TSCOUNT if the actual traffic volume is far lower than the estimated value in network planning. That
is, the primary link and secondary link are dynamically allocated to the PS service.

If the traffic volume of the PS service remains low, the configuration of static PDTCH and TSCOUNT is
not required. When the CS traffic is heavy, all Abis interface transmission resources may be occupied.
In this case, no Abis resource is available for the subsequent PS service. Therefore, when the CS traffic
is heavy, some static PDTCHs should be reserved. In addition, the parameter TSCOUNT should be
configured to preserve dedicated timeslots for the PS service so that the GPRS or EGPRS service can
still be normally processed.

3.3.3 Abis Resources of the PS Service Preempted by the CS

Service
The CS service and PS service share the Abis interface transmission resources. The CS service can
preempt the resources of PS service on the secondary link (or even the primary link when necessary) in
the same-level and lower-level BTSs.

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Flex Abis Technical DescriptionTechnical Description

In built-in PCU configuration mode, you are advised to set SUBRESPREEMPTFLG and
LOWLEVSUBRESPREEMPTFLG to Yes to allow the CS service to preempt the transmission
resources of the PS service on the secondary link in the same-level or lower-level BTSs.
In external PCU configuration mode, you are advised to set PCUPREEMPTFLAG to Support to allow
the CS service to preempt the transmission resources of the PS service if the PCU supports the
processing of the PREEMPT_ABIS_LINK message.

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis Engineering GuidelinesEngineering Guidelines

4 Engineering Guidelines
4.1 Configuration of the Cascaded BTSs
If a cascaded BTS is expected to support Flex Abis, the parameter FLEXABISMODE of the upper-
level BTS must be set to Flex Abis.
If the parameter FLEXABISMODE of a cascaded BTS is set to SemiSolid, FLEXABISMODE of all
the lower-level BTSs must be set to SemiSolid.
The master cabinet group of the level 1 BTS is connected to the EIUa only through the E1 port of the
master cabinet group. The slave cabinet group of the level 1 BTS is cascaded to the EIUa through
the internal connections of the master cabinet group or is directly connected to the EIUa through the
E1 port of the slave cabinet group.
The BTSs are cascaded only through the E1 ports of the master cabinet group. The slave cabinet
group is cascaded with the upper-level BTS only through the master cabinet group. The slave cabinet
groups in the same BTS cannot be cascaded.
Each BTS is cascaded with only one upper-level BTS. One BTS cannot be connected to an upper-
level BTS and a EIUa at the same time.

4.2 Configuration of BTS combined cabinets and cabinet

groups
For the combined cabinets or cabinet groups of the double-transceiver BTS and the BTS that does not
support Flex Abis, the suggestions on the configuration are as follows:
The parameter FLEXABISMODE of the Abis interface between the double-transceiver BTS and the
BTS that does not support Flex Abis or between the two BTSs that do not support Flex Abis should
be set to Fix Abis.
The parameter FLEXABISMODE of the Abis interface between the double-transceiver BTS and the
BSC or between the double-transceiver BTSs should be set to Flex Abis or SemiSolid.

4.3 Other Suggestions on the Configuration

For a Flex Abis enabled BTS, certain timeslots except the permanently allocated timeslots (such as
signaling timeslots and monitoring timeslots) on E1 links can be disabled. These disabled timeslots can
be used in other transmission modes (such as satellite transmission) or in scenarios where only a few
timeslots on an E1 link can be used.

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis ParametersParameters

5 Parameters
Table 3.1 Parameters Description
Parameter
NE MML Description
ID
MPMODE BSC6900 ADD Meaning: Timeslot multiplexing mode at the Abis
BTS(Option interface of the BTS. The BTS supports two
al) multiplexing modes: statistical multiplexing on a 64
kbit/s timeslot and physical multiplexing on a 16 kbit/s
timeslot. The first mode is further classified into the
following six types: 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, and 6:1.

A BTS supports the following six types of timeslot

objects:
OML: operation and maintenance link of the BTS. Each
BTS has only one OML. In the case of statistical
multiplexing on a 64 kbit/s timeslot, the OML works at
64 kbit/s. In this case, the OML can be multiplexed only
with the signaling links in the same cabinet group of the
BTS. In the case of physical multiplexing on a 16 kbit/s
timeslot, the OML works at 16 kbit/s. In this case, the
OML uses a 16 kbit/s timeslot.
ESL: extended signaling link of the BTS. If the BTS
supports Flex Abis, in the case of statistical multiplexing
on a 64 kbit/s timeslot, a 64 kbit/s timeslot needs to be
assigned to the ESL. In this case, the ESL is always
multiplexed with the OML in the 64 kbit/s timeslot. In the
case of physical multiplexing on a 16 kbit/s timeslot, no
timeslot is assigned to the ESL. In this case, the ESL
shares the same timeslot with the OML.
RSL: radio signaling layer link in each TRX. Each TRX
has one RSL link. In the case of statistical multiplexing
on a 64 kbit/s timeslot, the RSL link works at 64kbit/s. In
this case, the RSL link can be multiplexed only with the
signaling links in the same cabinet group of the BTS. In
the case of physical multiplexing on a 16 kbit/s timeslot,
the RSL link works at 16 kbit/s. In this case, the RSL
link uses a 16 kbit/s timeslot exclusively.
TCH: traffic channels in each TRX. The TCH works at
16 kbit/s.
Idle: idle timeslots of the BTS. An idle timeslot works at
16 kbit/s. In the case of statistical multiplexing on a 64
kibt/s timeslot, the idle timeslots can be multiplexed only
with the TCHs in the same cabinet group onto one 64
kbit/s timeslot.
Semi: monitoring timeslots of the BTS. The monitoring
timeslots work at 8 kbit/s, 16 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s, and 64
kbit/s. The monitoring timeslots can be multiplexed only
with semi-permanent links.
A 2048 Mbit/s E1 contains thirty-two 64 kbit/s timeslots.
Timeslot 0 is reserved for synchronization and cannot
be assigned.

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ParametersParameters Flex Abis

Statistical multiplexing means that signaling timeslots

are time-division multiplexed in an E1 timeslot, such as
the OML and RSL timeslots or the RSL timeslots. For
example, in the case of 4:1 multiplexing, one 64 kbit/s
timeslot multiplexes one OML and three RSL links or
four RSL links of the BTS. The 64 kbit/s timeslot that
multiplexes the OML has a multiplexing ratio of up to
4:1 even if the multiplexing ratio exceeds 4:1.

HDLC and IP BTS do not support this parameter.

GUI Value Range: MODE1_1, MODE2_1, MODE3_1,

MODE4_1, MODE5_1, MODE6_1, MODE16K
Actual Value Range: MODE1_1, MODE2_1, MODE3_1,
MODE4_1, MODE5_1, MODE6_1, MODE16K
Unit: None
Default Value: MODE4_1
FLEXABISM BSC6900 ADD Meaning: Service timeslot assignment mode for the
ODE BTS(Option BTS. If this parameter is set to FIX_16K_ABIS, the
al) RNC assigns a fixed Abis transmission timeslot to a
TCH. If this parameter is set to FLEX_ABIS, the RNC
assigns an Abis transmission timeslot dynamically to a
TCH (except the static PDCH) to increase the resource
utilization. If this parameter is set to SEMI_ABIS, the
BTS to which a TCH belongs assigns a fixed Abis
transmission timeslot to the TCH while the upper-level
BTS set to FLEX_ABIS assigns an Abis transmission
timeslot dynamically to the TCH. This mode applies
where old and new BTSs are cascaded. HDLC and IP
BTS is not support this parameter.

GUI Value Range: FIX_16K_ABIS(Fix Abis),

FLEX_ABIS(Flex Abis), SEMI_ABIS(Semisolid Abis)
Actual Value Range: FIX_16K_ABIS, FLEX_ABIS,
SEMI_ABIS
Unit: None
Default Value: FIX_16K_ABIS
LDRFST BSC6900 SET Meaning: First action taken for load control
LDR(Option
al) GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding), AMRC(AMRC), CSPH(CS Preference
TCHH), CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO)
Actual Value Range: CLOSE, PSDOWN, AMRC,
CSPH, CSFHHO
Unit: None
Default Value: PSDOWN
LDRSND BSC6900 SET Meaning: Second action taken for load control
LDR(Option
al) GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding), AMRC(AMRC), CSPH(CS Preference
TCHH), CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO)
Actual Value Range: CLOSE, PSDOWN, AMRC,

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Flex Abis ParametersParameters

CSPH, CSFHHO
Unit: None
Default Value: AMRC
LSRTRD BSC6900 SET Meaning: Third action taken for load control
LDR(Option
al) GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding), AMRC(AMRC), CSPH(CS Preference
TCHH), CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO)
Actual Value Range: CLOSE, PSDOWN, AMRC,
CSPH, CSFHHO
Unit: None
Default Value: CSPH
LDRFOUH BSC6900 SET Meaning: Fourth action taken for load control
LDR(Option
al) GUI Value Range: CLOSE(Close), PSDOWN(PS
Downspeeding), AMRC(AMRC), CSPH(CS Preference
TCHH), CSFHHO(CS TCHF-TCHH HO)
Actual Value Range: CLOSE, PSDOWN, AMRC,
CSPH, CSFHHO
Unit: None
Default Value: CSFHHO
TSCOUNT BSC6900 SET Meaning: Number of idle timeslots. You can configure
BTSIDLETS up to 128 idle timeslots for the BTS at a time. A BTS
(Mandatory) can be configured with up to 512 idle timeslots.

GUI Value Range: 0~512

Actual Value Range: 0~512
Unit: None
Default Value: None
SUBRESPR BSC6900 SET Meaning: Whether to allow the CS services to preempt
EEMPTFLG BTSFLEXA the sublink resources of PS services when the Abis
BISPARA(O resources are congested
ptional)
GUI Value Range: NO(NO), YES(YES)
Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
LOWLEVSU BSC6900 SET Meaning: Whether to permit the preemption of lower-
BRESPREE GCELLSOF level sublink resources. If the value of this parameter is
MPTFLG T(Optional) YES, a CS domain service can preempt the sublink
resources of the PS domain services on the lower-level
BTS of the cascaded BTSs when the CS domain
service fails to preempt the sublink of the corresponding
level.

GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)

Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
PCUPREEM BSC6900 SET Meaning: Whether the PCU supports the

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 GSM BSS
ParametersParameters Flex Abis

PTFLAG BTSFLEXA PREEMPT_ABIS_LINK message. If the BTS supports

BISPARA(O the FLEXABIS function, the CS service can preempt the
ptional) timeslots on the Abis interface used by the PS service.
After the preemption occurs, the RNC sends a
PREEMPT_ABIS_LINK message to the PCU if the PCU
can process the message.

GUI Value Range: NO(NO), YES(YES)

Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Unit: None
Default Value: NO
TDMCONG BSC6900 ADD Meaning: If the ratio of available TDM bandwidth is less
TH TRMLOADT than or equal to this value, congestion control is
H(Optional) triggered.

GUI Value Range: 0~100

Actual Value Range: 0~100
Unit: %
Default Value: 15

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis CountersCounters

6 Counters
For the counters, see the BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference.

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 GSM BSS
Flex Abis GlossaryGlossary

7 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.

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GSM BSS
Flex Abis Reference DocumentsReference Documents

8 Reference Documents
BSC6900 Feature List
BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
GBSS Reconfiguration Guide
BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference

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