CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

I. Cc loi cu iu kin
Type Usage Forms Examples
Din t mt thi I often drink milk if I do
If + Clause 1 (HT),
0 quen, s tht hin not sleep at night.
Clause 2 (HT)
hin nhin. If you heat ice, it melts.
iu kin c th If you come into my
If + Clause 1 (HT),
1 xy ra hin ti garden, my dog will bite
S + Will/Can/Shall (not) + V
hoc tng lai. you.
iu kin khng If + Clause (QK), If I were a bird, I would
2
c thc hin ti S+ Would/Could/ Should (not) + V be very happy.
iu kin khng If I hadnt been absent
If + Clause (QKHT),
3 c thc trong qu yesterday, I would have
S + Would/Could (not) + have + P2
kh. met him.
Din t s vic If I had breakfast this
xy ra hay khng morning, I wouldn't be
Hn
xy ra trong qu If + S + had + P2, hungry now.
hp
kh nhng kt S + would + V If I hadn't told her about
qu cn lu n this, she wouldn't be sad
hin ti. now.
II. Cu iu kin vi Unless: Unless (tr khi) = If not
Ex: If she doesnt study hard, she will get bad marks.
Unless she studies hard, she will get bad marks.
Note: Khng s dng Unless trong cu hi.
III. Cc cu trc dng nh cu iu kin
1. When (khi) dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: If you like reading books, you will learn many useful things in life.
When you like reading books, you will learn many useful things in life.
2. Suppose/Supposing (gi s) dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: Suppose he is right, his wife will be wrong.
Ex: Supposing he hates you, what will you do?
3. Provided/Providing that (min l) dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: We accepted your job application form provided that you have good qualifications.
4. Assuming (gi s) dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: Assuming they have a lot of money, they will invest the capital in business.
5. Without (khng c) = If not dng thay th cho If + not trong mnh ph.
Nhng sau n ta dng 1 cm t ch khng dng 1 mnh .
Ex: If my friend doesnt help me, I can not complete my Math homework.
Without my friends help, I can not complete my Math homework.
6. On condition that dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: She will help you on condition that you are kind to her.
7. Cu mnh lnh + and dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: If you learn English, you will become a good English teacher some day.

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 Learn English and you will become a good English teacher some day.
8. So long as = as long as (h m, chng no m) thay th cho If trong MP.
Ex: She will return home and live happily with him so long as he stops drinking.
9. In case (trong trng hp) dng thay th cho If trong mnh ph.
Ex: In case I forget, please remind me of that.
10. Even if (thm ch, nu nh) dng mang tnh nhn mnh hn If.
Ex: Even if we had been invited to the party,, we couldnt have come because we were very
busy.
11. As if, as though (nh th l): ch dng trong cu K loi 2 v 3 thay th cho if,
nu V l to be th chia bnh thng nh QK n, khng dng ht were.
Ex: She dressed as though it was winter even in the summer.
12. But for (nu khng v, nu khng c) = If not dng thay th cho If not trong
mnh ph. Nhng sau n ta dng 1 cm t ch khng dng 1 mnh .
Ex: If she hadnt assisted me, I should not have completed my plans.
But for her assistance, I should not have completed my plans.
13. If only (c g)
- Dng vi th HT hoc TL din t s hy vng.
- Dng vi th QK ch 1 iu c khng xy ra hin ti hoc tng lai.
- Dng vi th QKHT din t 1 iu c khng xy ra QK.
Ex: If only he will take my advice, I will be very happy.
Ex: If only she were at home.
Ex: If only he had worked harder, he could have passed the last matriculation.
14. Otherwise (nu khng) = If not = Unless
- Dng thay th cho If not trong mnh ph. Tuy nhin n li ng trc mnh
chnh, mnh ph b if v not i.
- Nu mnh ph ch c V l to be th ta phi thm vo trc n V khuyt thiu
mang ngha sao cho ph hp vi cu mnh ph .
- Trc otherwise l du chm phy ch khng phi l du phy nh bnh thng.
Ex: If he is not at home before 11p.m, he will be locked out.
He must be at home before 11p.m; otherwise he will be locked out.
Ex: If her director didnt pay her good salary, she wouldnt work longer.
Her director paid her good salary; otherwise she wouldnt work longer.
IV. Cu iu kin trong li ni gin tip
1. Cu iu kin loi 1 chuyn sang loi 2.
Ex: He said," If it rain heavily , I will stay at home"
He said (that) if rained heavily, he would stay at home.
2. Cu iu kin loi 2 v 3: khng i ng t
Ex: She said "If I had enough money, I would but a new car.
She said (that) if he enough money , she would but a new car.
Ex: The teacher said "If John had studied harder,he wouldn't have failed his exam.
The teacher said(that) if John had studied harder, he wouldn't have failed his exam.

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