Bottom Structure-Functions

LOWEST FLANGE OF HULL GIRDER

LOWEST TRANSVERSE GIRDER FOR
TRANSVERSE STRENGTH
LOWEST PLATFORM FOR CARGO,
EQUIPMENT ETC
TANKAGE
PROTECTION
 Bottom Structure
TYPES
SINGLE BOTTOM

DOUBLE BOTTOM
EXTENDS FROM PEAK TO PEAK
SUBDIVIDED BY FLOORS AND GIRDERS,
THEREBY PROVIDING TANKAGE
PREVENTS FOLLODING IN CASE OF
SHELL DAMAGE
CONTRIBUTES TO LONGITUDINAL
STRENGTH
 Single Bottom Construction
Usually found on small ships (Earlier in
Tankers too pre MARPOL 93)
Bottom transverse frames are known as
floors
Floors are vertical structural members
Floors support bottom plating - transfer
the load to keel and side frames
Can be used with any framing system
COMPONENTS
KEEL
CENTRE GIRDER
SIDE GIRDERS
FLOOR
BOTTOM PLATE
 Double Bottom Construction
Advantages over Single Bottom Construction
Stronger - provides more longitudinal material
Provides damage resistance in the bottom

Disadvantages
More expensive to construct
Moves neutral axis of the ship down - causing
higher stresses in the deck
Resists:
- Upward pressure
- bending stresses
- bottom damage by grounding & underwater shock

The double bottom provides a space for storing:

- fuel oil
- ballast water & fresh water

Smooth inner bottom makes it easier to arrange cargo &

equipment and clean the cargo hold
 Double Bottom Structure

Transverse Framing Combination Framing

Double Bottom Construction
Transverse Framing
Double Bottom Construction
Double Bottom Construction
Structural Connections
Double Bottom Construction
Types of Floors
Double Bottom Construction
Types of Floors Duct Keel
Double Bottom Construction
Double Bottom Construction
Transition
Double Bottom Construction
Types of Floors Duct Keel
Double Bottom Construction
Double Bottom Loads
Bilge Keel Positioning
Bilge Keel -Structural Connections