HYDRAULICNUTS

DS800

Ahydraulicnutincorporatesitsowninternalhydraulicjack.Thisenableslargediameterboltsto
betensioned,withease,tohighandaccuratepreloads.Hydraulicnutsarewidelyusedinthe
Oil, Gas, Offshore, Mining, Conventional & Nuclear Power Generation and Heavy Engineering
industriesonapplicationsincluding:

PRESSTIERODS
MARINEDIESELENGINES
PROPELLERSHAFTS
PROPELLERS
PUMPS
COMPRESSORS
ROCKCRUSHINGMACHINES
STEELROLLINGMILLS

TITANhydraulicnutsareavailableinfourtypesandawiderangeofsizes,thelargestevermade
beinginexcessof20inchthreadsize.TypicallytheyrangefromM24toM250.Hydraulicnuts
areavailableinstandardandcustomdesigns.Manynutsaremadetoordersomanufacturinga
nut,custombuilt,tosuittheapplicationiscommon.

ADVANTAGES

FastandEffortless NoFloggingHammersorSpanners
EvenandAccuratePreLoad SelfAligning(ShimType)
LowLossofInitialLoad(ShimType) ImprovedFatiguePerformance
NoTorqueorTorsionalStress SimultaneousOperation
LongLifeofInternalJack Idealforconfinedspaces

Hydraulicnutsarequicklyinstalled.Ahydraulicpumpactivatestheinternaljackingsystem,so
the effort required to tighten a very large diameter bolt is reduced to the effort needed to
operate the pump. If an air driven pump is used the tightening operation really is fast and
effortless.


Normallyspanners,flogginghammersortorquewrenchesarerequiredtotightenlargeboltsbut
thesearenotrequiredwhenahydraulicnutisused.Theyalsoinducehightorsionalstressesin
theboltduringtighteningandcandamagetheboltthreads.Asthereisnonutrotationduring
tightening a hydraulic nut, the operation can be performed in a confined space and torsional
stressesorthreaddamageareeliminated.

Thenutdevelopsaloadwhichisdirectlyproportionaltotheoilpressure.Thiscanbeaccurately
controlled and because it is developed hydraulically, it is evenly applied. Any number of
hydraulic nuts can be connected together for simultaneous operation. In this way, all of the
boltsinajointcanbeevenlyloadedtothesamehighandaccuratepreload.

Whentheoilpressureisapplied,thejointiscompressedandtheboltstretches.Thisproducesa
gapbetweenthebodyofthenutandthepiston.Dependingonthetypeofnut,eithershimis
insertedintothegap,oralockingcollaronthepistonisturned.Whenthehydraulicpressureis
released,theloadistransferredontotheshimsorthelockingcollartoretaintheload.

Whentighteningboltsitispossibletoinducebendingstressintheshankoftheboltifthejoint
facesarenottrueorflangerotationoccursinaflangedjoint.Thehydraulicnutisselfaligning
whilst under pressure and misalignment or flange rotation will produce a variation in the gap
betweenthenutbodyandthepiston.Inthecaseofshimtypenuts,taperedshimscanbemade
andfittedtoeliminatetheeffectsofmisalignmentandflangerotation.Inthecaseofcollartype
nuts,asphericalwasherwouldneedtobefittedunderthehydraulicnut.

Achieving a bolt preload which is in excess of the working load and eliminating bending and
torsionalstressesgreatlyimprovesthefatigueperformanceofthebolt.
Theinternaljackingsystemisnotunderpressurewhenthenutinstallationiscompleteandso
does not deteriorate when the nut is in service providing it is not exposed to high radiation
dosesorelevatedtemperatures.

Threetypesofhydraulicnut: Onemechanicalnut:
ShimType RubberFilledType
LowerCollarType
UpperCollarType

SHIMTYPE

Thisnuthasaflangedpiston.Ashimgapiscreatedbetweenthebodyandthepistonwhenthe
nutispressurised.Thesizeoftheshimgapisacombinationofthecompressionofthebolted
jointandgasket,iffitted,plustheelongationofthebolt.Inusethenutispressuriseduntilthe
hydraulicjackdevelopsthedesiredpreload.Theshimgapismeasuredandshimsaremadeto


fit.Thepressureisincreasedslightlytoallowtheshimstobeinserted.Thepressureisreleased
andthepreloadistransferredontotheshims.Averyhighpercentageoftheloadisretainedin
thebolt.Theshimtypenutisthemostaccuratetypeofhydraulicnut.

Advantages:
1. Onediameterhigh.
2. Easytouse.
3. Quicktoremove.
4. Veryaccurate.
5. LowerCost.

Disadvantages:
1. Measuringshimgap.
2. MakingShims.
3. Temperaturelimitedbyseals.

LOWERCOLLARTYPE

Thisnuthasalongerpistonwhichisexternallythreadedandfittedwithaloadretaininglocking
collar.Agapiscreatedbetweenthebodyandthelockingcollarwhenthenutispressurised.The
gap is a combination of the compression of the bolted joint and gasket, if fitted, plus the
elongationofthebolt.Inusethenutispressuriseduntilthehydraulicjackdevelopsmorethan
thedesiredpreload.Thelockingcollaristightened.

Thepressureisreleasedandthepreloadistransferredonto thelockingcollarthreadswhere
settlingofthethreadscausessomeofthepreloadtobelost.Thisismorecriticalinshortbolt
applicationswheretheboltelongationmaybesmall.Thepreloadlossontransfertothecollar
becomeslesssignificantonlongergriplengthbolts.

Advantages:
1. Quicktoinstall.
2. Easytouse.
3. Quicktoremove.

Disadvantages:
1. Greaterheight.
2. Lessaccurate.
3. Highercost.
4. Temperaturelimitedbyseals.

UPPERCOLLARTYPEA

This nut has an internally and externally threaded piston. The external thread of the piston is
fittedwithaloadretaining,lockingcollar.Agapiscreatedbetweenthenutbodyandthelocking
collarwhenpressureisapplied.Againthegapisacombinationofthecompressionofthebolted
jointandgasket,iffitted,plustheelongationofthebolt.Inusethenutispressuriseduntilthe
hydraulicjackdevelopsmorethanthedesiredpreload.

Thelockingcollaristightened.Thepressureisreleasedandthepreloadistransferredontothe
lockingcollarthreads.Duetosettlingofthecollarthreadssomeofthepreloadislost.Thisis
morecriticalinshortboltapplicationswheretheboltelongationmaybesmall.Thepreloadloss
ontransfertothecollarbecomeslesssignificantonlonggriplengthbolts.

Advantages:
1. Quicktoinstall.
2. Easytouse.
3. Quicktoremove.
4. Topentryforhydraulics.

Disadvantages:
1. Lessaccuratethanshimtype.
2. Highercost.
3. Temperaturelimitedbyseals.

UPPERCOLLARTYPEB

This nut is in two parts. A plain bore load cell and a collar nut. The collar nut is threaded
internallyandexternally,andisfittedwithaloadretaining,lockingcollar.Agapiscreated
between the load cell body and the locking collar when the load cell is pressurised. Again
thegapisacombinationofthecompressionoftheboltedjointandgasket,iffitted,plusthe
elongationofthebolt.

In use the load cell is pressurised until the hydraulic jack develops more than the desired
preload. The locking collar is tightened. The pressure is released and the pre load is
transferredontothelockingcollarthreads.Duetosettlingofthecollarthreadssomeofthe
preloadislost.

Thisismorecriticalinshortboltapplicationswheretheboltelongationmaybesmall.The
preload loss on transfer to the collar becomes less significant on long grip length bolts.
Becausetheloadcellhasaplainborethehydraulicconnectioncanbelocatedinthebest
position.Theloadcellcanbefastenedtothejointfaceandleftinplace.Similarlythehoses
orrigidsteelpipeworkmaybepermanentlyconnectedandleftinplace.


Advantages:
1. Quicktoinstall.
2. Easytouse.
3. Quicktoremove.
4. LoadCellandpipingcanremaininplace.
5. Hydraulicconnectionpositionisfixed.
6. Onlyneedtoremovethecollarnutandcollar.

Disadvantages:
1. Greaterheight.
2. Lessaccuratethanshimtype.
3. Highercost.
4. Temperaturelimitedbyseals.

MECHANICALNUT

RubberFilledTypeThisisamechanicallyoperated,shimtypenut.Itisactivatedbytightening
socketheadcapscrewslocatedinthetopofthenut.Thenuthasaflangedpiston.Ashimgapis
createdbetweenthebodyandthepistonwhenthenutisoperated.Thesizeoftheshimgapisa
combinationofthecompressionoftheboltedjointandgasket,iffitted,plustheelongationof
thebolt.

Inusethesocketheadcapscrewsaretighteneduntiltheshimgapislargeenoughtoacceptthe
pre machined shims. The socket head cap screws are then removed and the pre load is
transferred onto the shims. A very high percentage of the load is retained in the bolt. The
mechanicaloperatingsystemisunloadedduringservice.

Advantages:
1. Nohydraulichosesorpumprequired.
2. Simpleandeasytouse.

Disadvantages:
1. Slowertouse.
2. Lowerloadcomparedtooilfillednut
3. Lessaccuratethanshimtypehydraulicnuts.
4. Temperaturelimitedbyseals.