Military expenditure by region in constant US dollars, 1988-1996 SIPRI 2017 (See below for 1997-2016)

Figures are in US$ b., at constant 2015 prices and exchange rates, except for the last figure which is in US$ b. at 2016 prices and exchange rates.
Figures do not always add up to totals because of the conventions of rounding.
Figures in red indicate that more than 10% of the total figure consists of estimates for countries for which data is missing.
The symbol ". ." indicates that data is unavailable, or that the world or regional estimate is considered too uncertain to be reliable. `
The symbol "xxx" indicates that none of the countries in the relevant sub-region (Central Asia) were independent at this time.

Region 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
World total (excluding Iraq) 1441 1425 1367 805 1149 1110 1073 1025 1001
World total (including Iraq)

Africa 15.4 15.6 15.6 13.7 12.7 15.3 14.3 12.8 12.1
North Africa 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.4
Sub-Saharan Africa 12.3 12.3 12.3 10.3 8.9 11.3 9.9 8.6 7.8
Americas 655 652 613 543 568 548 519 493 466
Central America & the Caribbean 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.4 5.1 4.4 4.5
North America 604 598 572 503 531 504 476 448 423
South America 46.4 49.5 36.7 35.7 32.9 39.6 38.3 40.8 38.2
Asia and Oceania 129 136 142 145 153 156 157 161 165
Central & South Asia 23.7 24.7 24.8 24.1 24.6 26.9 26.9 28.2 28.5
East Asia 77.2 81.8 86.5 89.5 96 96 95 98 101
South-East Asia 13.8 15.0 16.5 16.8 17.2 17.5 18.9 20.4 21.3
Oceania 14.2 14.2 14.4 14.4 14.6 15.1 15.3 14.9 14.7
Europea 568 553 503 331 310 304 283 281
Central Europe 38.5 40.4 23.5 17.0 19.9 16.4 17.0 17.5 17.2
Eastern Europe 250 232 196 43.1 37.8 36.7 24.7 23.3
Western Europea 280 281 283 279 268 256 250 240 241
Middle East (excluding Iraq) 74.0 68.8 93.6 103 84.9 81.9 79.1 75.4 76.6
Middle East (including Iraq)
Military expenditure by region in constant US dollars, 1997-2006 SIPRI 2017
Figures are in US$ b., at constant 2015 prices and exchange rates, except for the last figure which is in US$ b. at 2016 prices and exchange rates.
Figures do not always add up to totals because of the conventions of rounding.
Figures in red indicate that more than 10% of the total figure consists of estimates for countries for which data is missing.
The symbol ". ." indicates that data is unavailable, or that the world or regional estimate is considered too uncertain to be reliable.
The symbol "xxx" indicates that none of the countries in the relevant sub-region (Central Asia) were independent at this time.

Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
World total (excluding Iraq) 1016 1004 1027 1064 1088 1156 1234 1313 1371 1420
World total (including Iraq) 1315 1374 1422

Africa 13.1 13.6 20.7 18.0 18.1 20.2 19.0 21.8 22.4 25.0
North Africa 4.8 5.0 4.7 4.7 5.9 6.0 6.3 6.9 7.1 7.1
Sub-Saharan Africa 8.3 8.5 16.0 13.3 12.2 14.2 12.7 14.9 15.3 17.9
Americas 465 456 457 475 482 531 593 645 680 697
Central America & the Caribbean 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.8 5.2
North America 420 411 413 428 432 483 548 597 625 636
South America 40.8 40.0 39.3 42.3 45.5 42.5 39.4 43.9 49.9 56.2
Asia and Oceania 171 172 182 187 199 210 219 233 246 261
Central & South Asia 30.3 31.4 35.0 36.3 37.5 37.7 38.8 44.0 46.5 47.2
East Asia 104 105 111 115 125 134 139 147 156 169
South-East Asia 22.4 20.1 19.7 19.5 19.8 21.1 23.3 23.3 23.9 25.0
Oceania 14.9 15.5 16.2 16.2 16.7 17.2 17.5 18.2 18.7 19.8
Europea 283 274 279 288 290 297 304 308 311 315
Central Europe 17.8 17.0 16.5 16.5 17.1 17.7 18.1 18.1 19.0 19.4
Eastern Europe 25.7 15.9 17.4 23.1 24.6 27.2 28.7 30.2 34.7 39.3
Western Europea 239 241 245 248 248 252 257 259 257 257
Middle East (excluding Iraq) 83.9 89.2 87.8 96.1 99 98 100 105 112 122
Middle East (including Iraq) 107 115 124
Military expenditure by region in constant US dollars, 2007-2016 SIPRI 2017
Figures are in US$ b., at constant 2015 prices and exchange rates, except for the last figure which is in US$ b. at 2016 prices and exchange rates.
Figures do not always add up to totals because of the conventions of rounding.
Figures in red indicate that more than 10% of the total figure consists of estimates for countries for which data is missing.
The symbol ". ." indicates that data is unavailable, or that the world or regional estimate is considered too uncertain to be reliable.
The symbol "xxx" indicates that none of the countries in the relevant sub-region (Central Asia) were independent at this time.

Region 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 Current
World total (excluding Iraq) 1473 1557 1662 1690 1695 1690 1664 1657 1672 1682 1680
World total (including Iraq) 1476 1561 1666 1695 1700 1695 1672 1664 1682 1688 1686

Africa 26.5 31.0 32.0 33.6 36.9 37.2 40.5 42.1 39.7 39.2 37.9
North Africa 7.6 9.1 10.1 11.0 13.8 14.9 17.0 18.1 18.4 18.7 18.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 18.9 22.0 21.9 22.6 23.0 22.3 23.6 24.0 21.2 20.5 19.2
Americas 715 768 822 842 832 797 743 699 678 683 693
Central America & the Caribbean 5.7 5.9 6.5 7.0 7.2 7.9 8.4 9.1 9.5 8.6 7.8
North America 653 702 757 776 767 724 666 626 611 622 626
South America 55.5 60.6 58.7 59.0 57.5 65.5 68.8 63.8 56.7 52.5 58.8
Asia and Oceania 279 297 335 343 358 372 392 414 436 456 450
Central & South Asia 48.6 53.2 61.0 61.9 63.1 63.5 63.7 67.1 68.9 73.3 73.3
East Asia 181 193 220 227 239 253 269 286 302 315 308
South-East Asia 28.5 29.4 30.7 31.1 32.1 33.2 36.5 36.3 39.8 41.9 41.9
Oceania 20.9 21.5 23.2 23.4 23.0 22.3 22.1 23.9 26.1 26.6 26.6
Europea 324 332 338 331 325 326 320 322 333 342 334
Central Europe 20.6 19.6 19.0 18.3 17.9 17.6 17.4 18.4 20.9 21.5 21.0
Eastern Europe 43.5 47.6 48.8 49.5 53.5 62 64 69.2 75 77 75.4
Western Europea 259 265 270 263 253 247 238 235 237 243 237
Middle East (excluding Iraq) 129 129 135 141 144 157 168 180 .. .. ..
Middle East (including Iraq) 132 133 139 145 149 162 176 187 .. .. ..
Two series of World and Middle East totals are presented. The first, longer series 1988 (World) excludes figures for Iraq, while the
second, from 2004-2016, includes figures for Iraq. This is because there is insufficient military spending and/or economic data to make
meaningful estimates for Iraq for the whole period 1980-2016. In particular, SIPRI's normal approach to estimating missing data for
regional totals would not be viable given the extreme changes in Iraq resulting from the Iran-Iraq war, ending in 1998, the Gulf War in
1990-91, and the sanctions regime in the 1990s. However, from 2004-2016, data for Iraq is available, so the shorter series includes
this data. All world and regional estimates also exclude certain countries due either to data being missing for too many years to make
meaningful estimates, or to an absence of economic data to enable conversion to constant (2015) US$. These countries are Cuba,
Eritrea, Iraq, North Korea, Somalia, Syria, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and f. Yugoslavia.

Copyright SIPRI 2017, http://www.sipri.org. Released in conjunction with the SIPRI Yearbook 2017.