Unit 2 / Matter

What are Ions?

Ions:
Charged particles resulting from a neutral atom having lost or gained
electrons during a chemical reaction.

Example:
3Li electron (-1)
7

nucleus - proton (+1)

neutron (0)

Metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations): Li ---> Li + + e

3 p+ 3 p+
e e 3 e 2 e
4 n0 4 n0

3p+ 3p+
4no 4no e
+
e
e e

Nonmetals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions): F + e ---> F

9 p+ 9 p+
9 e 10 e
10 n0 10 n0

9p+ 9e
10e
10no 9p+
+ e
10no

Chemistry Raleigh Charter High School Dr. Genez 1

 Atom Modeling Project

Work with a partner on an assigned element. Include the following:

1. List the number of subatomic particles (p +, e, and n0) in your assigned atom
(see p. 1 for example) and draw a Rutherford model that shows the particles
in their roughly correct location. Here is an example using lithium:

2. List the isotopes, their mass, and their abundance (for those that are found
naturally) for your element. You can find these on the Table of Isotopic
masses and Abundances we used for the Atomic Mass Dash.

Show the calculation of the weighted average atomic mass that would be
used for your element in the Periodic Table.

3. Redraw your model after your atom has reacted to form an ion.

Write an equation that describes the formation of your ion.

Explain what happened to the atom in the reaction to form the ion.

Chemistry Raleigh Charter High School Dr. Genez 2