SHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING

SITE VISIT REPORT

SUBJECT CODE: EAT 352

SUBJECT NAME: CONCRETE BUILDING DESIGNII

SUBMITION DATE: 19-5-2017

LUCTURE NAME: MD NORLIA BT MOHD IBRAHIM

STUDENT NAME: ABDULWALI MUSE MOHAMED

MATRIC: 141200069-1

SIGNETURE
 Contents

C0NTENTS PAPER.2
INTRODUCTION..3
Problems and solutions
problem1 and solution14
problem2 and solution2.5
problem3 and solution3.4
problem4 and solution4.5
problem5 and solution5.5
problem6 and solution6.5
CONCLUSION..6
REFERENCES7
LAYOUT PLAN8
AUTOCAD.9

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 Introduction(1)
The project that we studied is taken from PUTRA KONSULT SDN. BHD. PUTRA
KONSULT SDN. BHD. was incorporated in Malaysia with Registration Number
441916-A. It was registered on 07 Aug 1997, and located in ALOR STAR.
And still is existing. And they gained our contractors license in 07th AUG 1997.
Since 1997 PUTRA KONSULT SDN.BHD. Continues to strive for providing reliable,
efficient & cost effective projects to many Local Companies on Malaysia Basis.The
Company specialises in providing PROJECT ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY
SERVICES to mainly private sector clients, and as such economy of design is at the
forefront of their work ethic.

Our project name is PERLIS HALA-PARK COMPLEX and located in lot NO PT6887,
PT6887, PT6887, MUKIM TITI TINGGI, PANANG BESAR (U), PERLIS.

The contractor of the project is PERBADANAN KEMAJUAN EKONOMI NEGERI

PERLIS(PKENPS) They officially launched at the site in 10th APRIL 2006, with the
prime minister of MALEYSIA at that time Tun Dato' Sri Haji Abdullah bin Haji
Ahmad Badawi. The size of the project was 10ACRES,
and its cost was RM10, 000,000 for phase1.

The design of the project started AUG 2006 and the actual project started JUNE
2009, and they successfully finished JUNE 2011 although they faced delaying due
of problem in acquisition of land.
As we know everything in world should face problems its natural that it will not
finish as we expected.
For report we will try to discuss some problems that it may occur during the
development and design stages.

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 Problems and solutions
There are many problems that it may occur during development and design
stages. We will consider the problems may happen in construction method
material problem or man power.

Problem 1
CRACKING is one of the problems that we need avoid to happen cracks are
induced in reinforced concrete elements as a result of flexural tensile stress due
to bending under applied loads, diagonal tension stress due to shear under
applied load, volume change due to shrinkage, creep, thermal or chemical effects,
and splitting along reinforcement due to bond and anchorage failure.

Cracking is normal in reinforcement concrete structures subject to bending, shear,

torsion or tension resulting from either direct loading or restraint or imposed
deformation.

Solutions: (2)

After designing the project, the designers need to consider the cracking,
deflection, and shear. The primary objective of crack control is to limit the width
of individual crack. We can control of cracking without direct calculation, flexural
cracking is generally controlled by providing a minimum area of tension
reinforcement and limiting the bar spacing or bar size. To avoid this problem we
should check three things.
(1) Minimum reinforcement area, AS, MIN.
(2) Maximum spacing of reinforcement.
(3) Maximum bar size

That is the only way that we can control the cracking, and to make our buildings
safe.

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 Problem2

Lack of Skilled Workers(3)

There is a big problem facing the construction industry: not enough skilled
workers to fill a growing demand. The younger generation is being pushed toward
college, and not vocational trades. The benefits of a career in construction are not
being sold to millennias, and much of todays existing workforce is closing in on
retirement.

While industry experts try to tackle this problem on a national level, there are
things you can do as a contractor or small business owner to help.

Be a Mentor:
During summer months, high school students and recent college grads are looking
for work. Be willing to introduce your industry to someone who may not have
considered construction as a career. Mentorship also works for existing skilled
labor; if one of your best workers has showed an interest in the business side of
construction, you can mentor an already skilled worker on the ins and outs of
construction project management or construction business ownership.

Use a Staffing Agency:

Construction staffing agencies can have skilled workers ready to work for you
when you need them. The agencies take care of pre-screening applicants, which
saves you time and gets you qualified workers quickly.

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Problem3

Rebar problems in concrete(4)

Rebar is short for reinforcing bar and often used in concrete foundations to
strengthen the concrete. It is held in place by systematic ridges or deformations in
its surface that allow the concrete to grip the bar better than plain round bar.
These deformations are a great asset in the masonry applications, but hinder the
usefulness of rebar as a threaded fastener.
Basalt as a solution for steel rebars problems in concrete in our infrastructure.
Adding a significant amount of basalt reinforcements to these projects would go a
long way in providing a much longer lasting solution.
It is time for engineers to integrate Basalt Fibber Reinforced Polymers (BFRP) into
these projects. Long runs of basalt rebar mean less labour, ease of installation, no
sharp jagged ends, less overlaps, ties and time.

Due to the weight of steel, the equivalent amount of basalt rebar in one shipping
container would require eight containers for the steel. That is a considerable
amount saved in shipping costs alone!

Basalt does not conduct electricity. Airport runways and walkways,

communications towers and terminals would not be subject to RF interference as
they are now from steel embedded in the concrete. Basalt does not rust or
corrode resulting in a much longer lifespan compared to steel.

No regulation states that steel has to be used exclusively adding basalt

reinforcements are a solution that is available now and in total saves money,
bottom line!

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Problem4
Client request or demand after the design is finished.
Like this case if client request to change something in the design, that is mean the
contractor will stop the work. To solve this problem the contactor need to
redesign or discuss with the client, to make agreement so that they can continue
the work.

Problem5
Unreliable Subcontractors(3)
Many contractors have problems finding reliable subs for their jobs. If you are in a
pinch and need to find a sub, check with the materials suppliers and vendors that
you work with regularly. They will have the inside scoop, and may have a great
recommendation for a sub. You can also ask other subcontractors that you have
worked with for a recommendation, too. Always check a subs licenses, make sure
they carry general liability insurance, and list your company as additional insured
on their insurance before you hire them.

Problem6
Document Management(3)
Contracts, change orders, materials orders, receipts, invoices, employment
applications, certificates of insurance you probably have enough paper to fill an
entire trailer of filing cabinets. Its time to go paperless. A digital solution can help
you stay on track of documents, organized on your projects, and on-time with
your payments. At the very least, scan all documents into your computer and
digitally file/ organize them. Be sure to back up your computer to a cloud service
or hard drive regularly in case you have a hardware issue.

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 Conclusion
Through this project, we gained a lot of experienced in problem solving during the
construction process; we discussed more problems that it may occur in
construction design stages, we came out their solutions, we focused the problems
that we think they happed usually in the construction site like what can occur for
the material of the construction, like cracking and so on. And the problems that
can cause by man bower, like lack of skills that can affect the beget of the project.
However the contractor should check everything that may cause problems, the
most important thing is to make sure that the site is safe. So may the company
consider our suggestion and apply the solutions.

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 REFERENCES

1) http://my-check.net/putra-konsult-sdn-bhd/99426.html

2) reinforced concrete design book

3) https://citizensgeneral.com/business-insurance-news/postid/29/the-10-
biggest-problems-in-construction-solved

4) http://www.basalt.guru/basalt-as-a-solution-for-steel-rebar-problems-
in-concrete/