DRAWWORKS BRAKING

REVISION HISTORY
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REVISION HISTORY PAGE SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

20605-56 Rev. N 24 HOUR SERVICE (713) 467-2523

DRAWWORKS BRAKING
DW DYNAMIC BRAKE
OPERATION, SERIES MOTOR
DESCRIPTION
The DW Dynamic Brake slows the
drawworks motors to the HAND
THROTTLE speed setting after the FOOT
THROTTLE is released. The DW Dynamic
Brake is designed to function during
hoisting. It is not a substitute for the
Eddy Current brake commonly used on
the drawworks drum.
The DW Dynamic Brake is automatically
applied three seconds after the FOOT
THROTTLE is released (provided the motor
speed exceeds the HAND THROTTLE
setting). Typically, the motors require 30 to
40 seconds to coast from full speed to
cathead speed. But with dynamic braking,
the time is reduced to 12 to 18 seconds.
SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical
Three 0.16 stainless-steel grid resistors
are connected in series to provide a 0.48
braking resistance. This resistance is
capable of sustaining 300 Amps
continuously. On some offshore SCR
drilling systems, the DW Dynamic Brake will
have six or more grid resistors.
In some systems, the grid resistors may be
installed outside the SCR house for greater
heat dissipation and control circuit installed
in the feeder or dynamic brake cubicle.
Mechanical
The DW Dynamic Brake Cubicle is
fabricated from 14 gauge steel and is 90"
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
24 HOUR SERVICE
9-1
(230 cM) high. Refer to your SCR Drawing
package for width and depth dimensions.
DW Dynamic Brake Cubicle weight is
2,000 Pounds (960 KG).
SERIES MOTOR MAINTENANCE
The resistor bank becomes hot
during DW Dynamic Braking.
Inspect the ventilation grids in the cubicle
panels frequently to ensure that they are
free of any debris.
Table 9-1 lists instructions to functionally
test the Series Motor Dynamic Brake
control circuit.
SERIES MOTOR
TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting consists of locating a
malfunctioning component in the unit. Refer
to Table 9-2 for a guide to troubleshoot the
Series Motor. The following theory of
operation explains the various circuits in the
unit.
THEORY OF OPERATION
The Dynamic Brake slows the drawworks
motors to the cathead speed set on the
hand throttle. It is typically used after the
Driller hoists a pipe up to the monkey
board. When he throws out the clutch, the
motors are free-wheeling at full speed.
Recall that when a separately-excited motor
is free-wheeling, it behaves as a generator,
sending power back to the source. This
phenomenon is called regeneration. The
motor can be effectively braked by
dissipating the regenerated power in a
resistor bank.
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9-2
THEORY OF OPERATION (CONTINUED)
Table 9-1. Series Motor Dynamic Brake Functional Test
ACTION
A. Assign Drawworks and ensure brake is
off (refer to Figure 9-1).
B. Turn the DW switch ON.
C. Release DW FOOT THROTTLE >3
Seconds.
D. Depress the foot throttle.
The series motor is not an effective
generator unless its field is excited.
The resistor bank (refer to Figure 9-1) is
connected across DWA motor armature
terminals when both K1 and K2 power
contacts are closed. 115 VAC from
transformer T1 keeps power contactor K2
energized as long as the Overtemperature
switch OT1 remains closed. MS1 will
energize when RL5 (the DW Blower
contact) is closed. This indicates that the
Drawworks is switched on. 600 VAC is now
applied to transformer T2. DW field is kept
at a nominal value by resistors R1, R2 and
R3.
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
20605-56 Rev. N 24 HOUR SERVICE
RESULT
A. Power contactor K2 will be energized. DW DB (DC
Control Module Pin 138) will be 115 VAC. DW DB CONT
(DC Control Module Pin 135) and DW DB FIELD (DC
Control Module Pin 127) will be Zero Volts.
B. MS 1 will energize to provide nominal field supply.
C. Pin 127 of the DC Control Module will switch to 115 VAC.
This will energize MS2 and enable full field supply. At the
same time, Pin 135 of the DC Control Module will switch to
115 VAC. This will energize DWDB power contactor K1 and
relay RL1. As a result, the resistor bank will be connected
across DWA motor armature terminals.
D. DC Control Module Pins 127 and 135 will switch back to
Zero Volts. Power contactor K1 and relay RL6 will
deenergize. This will disconnect the resistor bank. Relay
MS2 will deenergize. This will switch the field supply back to
a nominal value. 1.5 Seconds later, DW DB contactor K1
and RL1 will deenergize.
The Auxiliary Contacts of Power Contactors
K1 and K6 in SCR 1 will close when
Drawworks is assigned to SCR 1. Similarly,
when Drawworks is assigned to SCR 2,
Power Contactors K3 and K4 will close.
MS2 will energize when the K701 contact in
one of the modules closes. See Figure 3-
14 in the SCR Unit section of this manual
for the brake control circuit. Relay K701
and K702 will energize when all the
conditions listed below are fulfilled:
DW CONT (Pin 116) is -14 VDC. This
indicates that DRAWWORKS is
assigned at the Driller's Console.
DW FT TH (Pin 114) goes to Zero. This
indicates that the FOOT THROTTLE
has been released.
Firing Reference (TP7) is approximately
-5 VDC for SCR bridge Zero Volts
output.
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6241-011-07 Rev. E

Figure 9-1. Series Motor DW Dynamic Brake Circuit

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9-4

6241-011-07 Rev. E

Figure 9-1. Series Motor DW Dynamic Brake Circuit (Concluded)

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 9-5

Table 9-2. Series Motor DW Table Dynamic Brake Troubleshooting Guide

PROBLEM ACTION

BRAKE DOES NOT SWITCH ON

A. Operational error.
B. Overtemperature -
Grid resistors are >575 F.
C. Loss of power supply.
D. Loss of field.
E. Control circuit malfunction.
BRAKE REMAINS ON
A. DW Dynamic Brake will not switch on if the DW HAND THROTTLE is
set to a high speed. The DW HAND THROTTLE should not be rotated
beyond 10 O'clock.
B. OVERTEMPERATURE switch should be closed for DW Dynamic
Brake operation.
C. Check dynamic brake fuses.
Actual fuse numbers may be different in the system on
which you are working. Refer to job prints.
D. When DW switch is ON, MS1 should be energized and the field should
be at a nominal value (50 Amps).
E. In the brake-off mode, DWDB Power Contactor K2 should be energized
and Pin 138 of the DC Control Module assigned to DW should be 115
VAC.
When the FOOT THROTTLE is released for more than 3 seconds, the
DW DB FIELD (DC Control Module Pin 127) should switch on to 115
VAC to energize MS2 and thereby switch the field to full value. At the
same time DW DB CONT (DC Control Module Pin 135) should switch
to 115 VAC to energize Power Contactor K1 and RL1.
When the FOOT THROTTLE is depressed:
K701 in the DC Control Module deenergizes.
1.5 seconds later, K702 in the DC Control Module deenergizes.
This time lapse of relay deenergizing is done to allow the motor field to
decay before the DW DB contactor is opened. It prevents arcing contacts
which could damage DW DB contactor. In addition, the SCR bridge for
both the A and B motors are inhibited during this turn off period.

If the DW Dynamic brake remains on when the SCR bridge is phased up,
high current will flow through the resistor bank circuit. If the high current
occurs, the overtemperature switch should open and deenergize Power
Contactor K2.

THEORY OF OPERATION (CONTINUED) When DW Dynamic Brake MS2 energizes,

its normally-open contact will close to short-
A three second delay is inserted in the circuit R1, R2 and R3, letting the DW field
circuit to ensure the Driller has not eased go to braking current (200 Amps).
up on the throttle while edging up the pipe.
Both K702 in the DC Control Module and Power contactor K1 and relay RL1 will
K701 in the DC Control Module energize energize when the DC Control Module
one second apart (K701 closes first, then K702 closes, connecting the resistor bank
K702), indicating that the Firing Reference across the DWA armature terminals.
is held at -5 VDC. The Firing Reference is
inhibited to prevent the SCR bridge from
phasing up while the resistor bank is in the
circuit.

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9-6

THEORY OF OPERATION (CONCLUDED) SERIES MOTOR DW DYNAMIC

BRAKE ASSEMBLY
Relays K701 and K702 in the DC Control
Module will deenergize if any one of the Figure 9-2 shows a component-side view of
conditions listed change. the Series Motor DW Dynamic Brake
Normally, the firing Reference increases in Assembly.
the positive direction when DWA motor
reaches cathead speed set by the DW hand
throttle.

FS-084-11

Figure 9-2. DW Dynamic Brake Assembly - Series Motor

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SHUNT MOTOR DW BRAKE
OPERATION
DESCRIPTION
The Dynamic Brake slows the drawworks
motors to the hand throttle speed setting
after the foot throttle is released. The DW
Dynamic Brake is designed to function
during the hoisting mode. It is not a
substitute for the Eddy Current brake
commonly used on the drawworks drum.
The DW Dynamic Brake is automatically
applied three seconds after the FOOT
THROTTLE is released, provided the motor
speed exceeds the HAND THROTTLE
setting. Typically, the motors require
between 30 and 40 seconds to coast from
full speed to cathead speed. Dynamic
braking reduces this to between 12 and 18
seconds.
SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical
Eight 0.16 stainless steel grid resistors
connected in series provides 1.28 braking
resistance. This is capable of sustaining
300 Amps continuously.
Table 9-3. Shunt Motor Dynamic Brake Functional Test
ACTION
A. Assign Drawworks and ensure brake is off.
B. Release DW FOOT THROTTLE >3 Seconds.
C. Depress the foot throttle.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
24 HOUR SERVICE
9-7
Mechanical
The cubicle is fabricated from 14 gauge
steel and is 90" (230 cM) high. Refer to
your SCR job book for width and depth
dimensions. The weight of the cubicle is
1,500 Pounds (720 KG).
In some systems, the grid
resistors may be installed outside
the SCR house. This allows for greater
heat dissipation. In this instance, the
control circuitry is installed in the
Feeder or Field Supply Cubicles.
SHUNT MOTOR DW BRAKE
MAINTENANCE
The resistor bank becomes hot during the
braking operation. Inspect the ventilation
grids in the cubicle panels frequency to
make sure they are free of any debris.
Table 9-3 lists instructions to test the DW
Dynamic Brake control circuit shown in
Figure 9-3.
RESULT
A. Power contactor K8 will be energized. DW DB
(DC Control Module Pin 138) will be 115 VAC. DW
DB CONT (DC Control Module Pin 135) will be
Zero Volts.
B. Pin 135 of the DC Control Module will switch to
115 VAC. This will energize DWDB power
contactor K9 and relay RL3. As a result, the
resistor bank will be connected across DWA motor
armature terminals.
C. DC Control Module Pin 135 will switch back to
Zero Volts. Power contactor K9 and relay RL3 will
deenergize.
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9-8
SHUNT MOTOR DW BRAKE
TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting consists of locating a
malfunctioning component in the unit. Refer
to Table 9-4 for specific instructions. The
following theory of operation provides an
explanation of those circuits in the unit.
THEORY OF OPERATION
The Dynamic Brake slows the drawworks
motors to the cathead speed set on the
hand throttle. It is typically used after a
pipe is hoisted up to the monkey board.
When the clutch is thrown out, the motors
are free-wheeling at full speed. If a
separately-excited motor is free-wheeling, it
behaves as a generator, sending power
back to the source. This phenomenon is
called REGENERATION. The motor can
be effectively braked by dissipating the
regenerated power in a resistor bank.
Figure 9-3 shows the Shunt Motor DW
Dynamic Brake circuit. The resistor bank is
connected across the DW A motor
armature terminals when both K8 and K9
contacts are closed.
Figure 3-14 in the SCR Unit section shows
the DW Dynamic Brake control circuit.
Relay K701 and K702 will energize when
the following conditions are fulfilled:
DW CONT (Pin 116) is -14 VDC. This
indicates that DRAWWORKS is
assigned at the Driller's Console.
DW FT TH (Pin 114) goes to Zero. This
indicates that the FOOT THROTTLE
has been released.
Firing Reference (TP7) is less than -5
VDC for Zero Volts out of the SCR
bridge.
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
20605-56 Rev. N 24 HOUR SERVICE
A three to five second delay has been
designed into Dynamic Brake electronics.
This prevents the DW Dynamic Brake from
engaging whenever the FOOT THROTTLE
is released before the braking has reached
the desired level. This gives an immediate
drawworks response if the throttle is
activated before the delay is completed and
the DW Dynamic Brake is turned on.
Relays K701 & K702 are both energized,
although only the contacts of relay K702
are utilized. The firing reference will be
forced below -5 VDC because the FOOT
THROTTLE is released and the drawworks
motors are turning at a high RPM. Anytime
the DW Dynamic Brake is ON, the firing
reference is suppressed (inhibited). This
prevents the SCR bridge from phasing up
while the resistor bank is connected across
the DW A motor armature.
Relay K701 and K702 in the DC Control
Module will deenergize when the
drawworks motors speed has decreased to
the cathead speed set by the Drawworks
Console HAND THROTTLE. When the DW
Dynamic Brake turns OFF, the firing
reference will be released and the SCR
bridge will phase up to power the DW A
motor.
BRAKE ON LOGIC (EXTERNAL TO DC
MODULE) SCR OR DW DB CUBICLE K8
If 120 VAC is available.
And temp sensor is closed.
And K8 is closed, then K1 is picked up
and energizes DB Phase line to DC
Control Module Pin 138.
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 9-9

K9 AND RL3 RL3 picks up before and drops

If DB Phase line is energized and DC
Control Module K702 is energized, then
RL3 and K9 will be picked up.
out after K9 so that K8 does not
drop out during the transition. If the
contacts of K9 welds closed, K8 cannot
pick up. This will inhibit all braking
functions by stopping 115 VAC to DC
Control Module Pin 138.

Table 9-4. Shunt Motor DW Dynamic Brake Troubleshooting

PROBLEM ACTION
BRAKE DOES NOT SWITCH ON

A. Operational error A. Brake will not switch on if the HAND THROTTLE is set at a
high speed. The HAND THROTTLE should not be rotated
beyond the 10 o'clock position.
B. Overtemperature B. OVERTEMPERATURE switch should be closed.

C. Loss of power supply
D. Control circuit malfunction
BRAKE REMAINS ON
A. Control circuit malfunction
C. Check for 115 VAC at Pin 138 of the DC Control Module with
DW assigned. If the voltage at Pin 138 is absent, check all
dynamic brake circuit fuses.
D. When DW is assigned, K8 should energize. When the FOOT
THROTTLE is released for more than three seconds, Pin 135
of the DC Control Module should switch from Zero to 115
VAC. If it doesn't, replace the DC Control Module in the SCR
Cubicle assigned to DW. When Pin 135 of the DC Control
Module is 115 VAC, K9 and RL3 should power the resistor
bank to DW A motor armature terminals.
A. When the FOOT THROTTLE is depressed again, Pin 135 of
the DC Control Module should switch back to Zero Volts. If it
doesn't, replace the DC Control Module in the SCR cubicle
assigned to DW. When Pin 135 of the DC Control Module
goes to Zero Volts, K9 and RL3 should deenergize. If the DW
Dynamic Brake remains on when the SCR bridge is phased
up, high current will flow through the resistor bank circuit. If
this happens, the overtemperature switch should open and
deenergize K8.

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9-10

6239-011-07 Rev. A

Figure 9-3. DW Dynamic Brake Schematic Diagram - Shunt Motor

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DRAWWORKS
REGENERATIVE BRAKING
OPERATION
PURPOSE
Regenerative braking is designed to slow
the declutched Drawworks (DW) motors. It
is not a supplement or substitute for the
Eddy Current Brake which brakes the
DW main drum. The declutched DW
motors can take up to 45 seconds to coast
downward from full speed to cathead speed
if they are allowed to spin freely, If
regenerative braking is utilized, the DW
motors will drop from full speed to cathead
speed in twelve to 15 seconds.
THEORY
Both a motor and generator require three
things:
A field winding with current flowing
through it.
An armature winding.
Mechanical energy.
In a motor, both the armature and field
windings have current flowing through
them. The current in each winding
generates an electromagnetic field around
that winding. The flux lines of the armature
winding electromagnetic field interact with
flux lines of the field winding
electromagnetic field to cause a force which
tries to push them apart. The field winding
is fixed in place, the armature winding is
mounted on a shaft which is free to rotate.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
24 HOUR SERVICE
9-11
The magnetic interaction causes the
armature winding, and thus the shaft on
which the armature winding is mounted, to
rotate. This rotation is used to drive pumps
or other mechanical devices. Electrical
energy has been changed to mechanical
energy.
In a generator, the field winding has current
flowing through it which generates an
electromagnetic field. The flux lines of this
electromagnetic field are cut by the
armature conductors as the shaft rotates.
The rotation is caused by the mechanical
energy stored in the inertia of the motor
armature windings and shaft. The field flux
cutting the armature windings generates an
Electromotive Force (EMF). The EMF (an
impressed potential voltage) causes a
current to flow if a complete circuit is
connected to each end of the armature
winding. If the complete circuit contains
resistors, the current flow through the
resistors will dissipate the electrical energy
as heat. The energy converted to heat is
wasted, since it performs no useful work.
This method of slowing down the DW
motor is called Dynamic Braking (refer to
Figure 9-5).
It is also possible to connect the power
output of the armature windings to the
original electrical power source via the SCR
bridge. Returning the converted power
(mechanical to electrical) to the electrical
power source is the most efficient way of
braking or slowing the DW motor since
energy is not wasted. This way of slowing
down the DW motor is called Regenerative
Braking (refer to Figure 9-5).
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
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9-12

THEORY (CONCLUDED)

K2

K1 BRAKE CONTROL
SERIES RESISTOR SIGNAL
MOTOR BANK

A
K1

WHEN K1 PULLS IN, ENERGY IN THE FREEWHEELING

ARMATURE DISSIPATES AS HEAT.
20602-07 Rev. B

Figure 9-4. Dynamic Braking

These descriptions of Dynamic Braking and In Regenerative Braking (refer to Figure 9-
Regenerative Braking have been greatly 5), the motor-generated DC is converted to
simplified. We did not explain that: AC by using the SCR bridge as a line-
commutated inverter. To accomplish this,
1. The original power source is AC. the SCRs must fire at an angle >90.
2. The AC is changed to DC by an SCR TECHNIQUE
bridge to power the motor.
Just like a regular diode, SCRs only pass
3. During Regenerative Braking, the electron flow in one direction. The flow
DC output of the motor is changed through the SCR is always from negative to
back to AC by an SCR bridge. positive as shown by the arrow-headed line
shown at the top of each circuit in Figure 9-
5.
( ELECTRON FLOW ) ( ELECTRON FLOW )
+ -Ia
+ - Ia

FIRING OF SCR
+

- MOTOR CEMF -
+
0V

POWER A A
AC AC
SOURCE
- SOURCE
+

MOTORING POWER = E a x Ia REGENERATING POWER = Ea x Ia

20602-08 Rev. A

Figure 9-5. Reversing Voltage Motor

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The motor rotates in the same direction in
both braking techniques as it does when
being used as a motor. During braking, the
armature windings are the power source.
The voltage produced by the armature
windings is the opposite of that felt when
the motor is functioning as a motor. The
resultant armature winding electron flow is
in the same direction. For electrical power
to be returned to the source in
Regenerative Braking, the output of the
armature must be switched so the electron
flow through the SCRs will continue to flow
in the same direction.
Since the output of the armature winding is
DC, the SCR bridge is turned on when the
inverted voltage is greater than the AC
source, power will be fed back into the AC
source.
There are several actions which must take
place for regenerative braking to occur:
1. The DC Control Module detects the
need to brake.
2. The contactors for running the motors in
normal mode are opened.
3. The armature reversing contactor is
switched.
4. The SCRs are phased back (fired at an
angle greater than 90 degrees) to
achieve regeneration.
When the DW motors have sufficiently
slowed down, the following actions must
take place:
1. The DC Control Module detects the
need to stop braking.
2. The reversing contactor is
opened/switched only when the other
contactors are open.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
24 HOUR SERVICE
9-13
3. The contactors for running the motors in
normal mode are closed.
4. The SCRs are phased up (fired at <90)
for normal running.
DW CONTROL SCHEMATIC
Figure 9-6 shows the relay and contactor
circuitry for DW motor running and
Regenerative Braking operations on SCR 2.
This figure will be referred to during the rest
of this discussion of motor running and
Regenerative Braking.
FORWARD DW OPERATION
Forward operation of the DW motor is
achieved by selection of FWD on the
Driller's Console FWD/OFF/REV switch.
FWD closes DW forward contactor K5T
(K5-Top) in SCR #2. (Refer to Figure 9-6,
sheet 2). When FWD is selected, contactor
K5T is closed which permits K1 and K6 to
be closed. The closing of K5T, K1 and K6
places -14 VDC on Pin 116 of the DC
Control Module. The -14 VDC to Pin 116
is the DW contactor signal. This tells the
DC Control Module that the DW contactors
are closed and to use the DW current limit,
DW hand throttle, and foot throttle
references. For forward operation,
contactor 2K8 and the contacts 1 and 3
plus 2 and 4 of contactor 2K5 are closed,
thus causing the DW A motor to rotate in
the forward direction. Contactor 2K8 routes
the current passing through the motor's
armature windings through the motor's field
winding. The motor is thus being powered
by the SCR bridge in FWD. Regenerative
braking is only allowed when the DWA
motor is being powered in the forward
direction.
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9-14

FORWARD DW OPERATION
(CONTINUED)

6241-011-01 Rev. B

Figure 9-6. Drawworks Control Circuit

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 9-15

6241-011-01 Rev. B

Figure 9-6. Drawworks Control Circuit (Continued)

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9-16

FORWARD DW OPERATION
(CONCLUDED)

6241-011-07 Rev. E

Figure 9-6. Drawworks Control Circuit (Continued)

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 9-17

6241-011-07 Rev. E

Figure 9-6. Drawworks Control Circuit (Concluded)

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9-18
REVERSE DW OPERATION
Reverse operation of the DW motor is
achieved by selection of REV on the
Driller's Console FWD/OFF/REV switch.
This selection closes The DW reverse
contactor K5B (K5-Bottom) in SCR 2 (refer
to Figure 9-6). When DW REVERSE is
selected, contactor K5B is closed. This, in
turn, closes K1 and K6 contactors to be
closed. This is called the DW contactor
signal. It tells the DC Control Module that
the DW contactors are closed and to use
the DW current limits, hand throttle, and
foot throttle references. For reverse
operation (refer to Figure 9-6), contacts 5
and 7, 6 and 8 of relay 2K5 are closed, thus
causing the Drawworks A motor to rotate in
the reverse direction. The closing of 2K8
routes the current passing through the
motor armature windings also through the
motor field windings. Only Drawworks A
can be placed in reverse operation.
REGENERATIVE BRAKING
Let's recap several statements given in
previous paragraphs:
1. Only Drawworks A can be placed in
reverse operation.
2. Regenerative Braking is only available
on forward operation of Drawworks A.
3. When Regenerative Braking is being
used, the induced voltage in the motor
armature windings is in the opposite
direction than when the motor is acting
as a motor.
4. In Regenerative Braking, the motor-
generated DC is converted to AC by
using the SCR bridge as a line-
commutated inverter. To do this, the
SCRs must fire at an angle >90.
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
20605-56 Rev. N 24 HOUR SERVICE
During Regenerative Braking, power is
returned to the source. This is
accomplished by making the motor a DC
generator. When the SCR bridge powering
the motor is phased off, field current ceases
to flow. The motor armature is turning at a
high RPM. However with the absence of a
field, the motor will not generate a voltage.
So a Braking Field must be turned on to
allow the motor to become a good DC
generator. However, the CEMF (Counter
Electromotive Force) developed by the
motor armature must be reversed during
the braking period of the regenerative in
order to permit current to flow through the
SCRs (refer to Figure 9-5).
To accomplish braking, the regenerative
braking logic must be understood. This will
be discussed in Electronic Circuitry later in
this section. During regeneration, the motor
is treated as a quasi shunt motor. This is
accomplished by opening contactor 2K8
and closing contactor 2K9. The motor field
windings will now have current supplied by
the Drawworks A Regen Field Supply (refer
to Figure 9-7). The motor now functions as
a DC generator. However, power cannot
flow through the SCR bridge because the
generated voltage will reverse bias the
SCRs. The armature polarity must be
reversed. The armature polarity is reversed
by dropping K5T and picking up K5B.
Closing K5B closes contacts 5 and 7 and 6
and 8 which reverses the armature polarity.
This places the correct polarity on the
SCRs and enables the SCRs to conduct
and feed power back to the source.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
(713) 467-2523

REGENERATIVE BRAKING LOGIC
A printed circuit board inside the DC
Control Module contains the electronic
circuits that controls the external relay logic.
The DC Control Module initiates braking
three to five seconds after the FOOT
THROTTLE is released. The DC Control
Module electronic circuits make the
decision that braking is required and begin
the braking sequence by energizing relays
K1 & K2 in the DC Control Module (refer to
Figure 9-6). This action switches Pins 127
and 135 of the DC Control Module to -14
VDC, picking up the 24 VDC relays RL6
and RL7. These relays accomplish the
following:
RL6
Drops Contactor K8 (SERIES FIELD)
and allows K9 (REGEN FIELD) to pick
up.
Reverses the armature by dropping out
K5T and picking up K5B.
RL7
Picks up a motor starter to turn on the
braking field (refer to Figure 9-6).
After the motor speed falls to the cathead
value, the DC Control Module drops out
relays RL6 & RL7. This will return the
contactors to the non-braking state (K5T
and K8 energized, K9 de-energized).
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
The electronic circuits in the DC Control
Module make the decision to initiate
braking. This is done by comparing the
speed setting from the hand throttle to the
speed feedback signal. The DC Control
Module electronics are designed to handle
the change in polarity of the voltage
feedback signal that occurs during braking.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
24 HOUR SERVICE
9-19
Zero throttle interlock is overridden during
the braking cycle. This is necessary
because of the operation of the armature
reversal contactor K5. Braking logic brings -
14 VDC into Pin 109 of the DC Control
Module. This signal releases the current
ramp so that the braking current level can
be obtained. Four conditions must be
satisfied before the current ramp begins:
1. DWA FORWARD is assigned (-14 VDC
on Pin 138 of the DC Control Module).
2. The FOOT THROTTLE must be
released. The initial braking logic
decision will switch Pins 127 and 135 of
the DC Control Module to -14 VDC.
3. K9 is picked up and braking field supply
is on.
4. Main assignment contactors are
energized (-14 VDC on Pin 116 of the
DC Control Module).
FIRING REFERENCE INHIBIT
During braking, a -14 VDC signal is sent
from Pin 135 on the Drawworks A DC
Control Module to Pin 135 of the
Drawworks B DC Control Module. This
signal prevents the Drawworks B DC
Control Module from being able to run the
Drawworks and oppose the braking action
of the Drawworks A motor.
FIRING PULSES
To achieve regeneration, it is essential that
firing pulses are never removed from the
SCRs. On systems that have Dynamic
Braking, the pulses will be phased back and
disappear when the bridge voltage is not
required. This will not occur with
regenerative braking. DC Control Modules
are designed to maintain a small firing
reference at all times.
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
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9-20
FIRING PULSES (CONCLUDED)
This means that:
1. There is a bridge voltage when the SCR
switch (CB) is closed. This voltage will
go to zero when the SCR is assigned.
2. When checking the resistance of the
SCRs in a regenerative SCR bridge, not
only does the SCR switch (CB) have to
be open, but the DC Control Module
supply fuses must be opened.
Otherwise, the firing pulses will be
present and the SCR will indicate a low
resistance.
Failure to follow these
instructions will produce errors in
the resistance measurements.
TROUBLESHOOTING
The correct sequence of Regenerative
Breaking can be noted by observation of
the SCR Bridge Cubicle:
1. Place the Driller's Console controls to a
selection of DWA and FORWARD
operation. Run the motor to high speed
by completely depressing the FOOT
THROTTLE.
2. Release the FOOT THROTTLE. The
motor current will drop to zero. The
motor RPM will be high, so braking is
needed.
3. The system has a three to five second
delay designed into the braking
sequence so immediate braking will not
occur. After the delay, braking will begin.
4. K8 will drop out and K9 should pick up,
(both K8 & K9 or located in SCR 2). K5T
in SCR 2 will switch to K5B.
DRAWWORKS BRAKING
20605-56 Rev. N 24 HOUR SERVICE
5. The SCR bridge current will ramp up
and the Drawworks A motor speed will
return to the cathead RPM. The SCR
Cubicle VOLTMETER will indicate a
negative voltage during the braking
action.
6. At the end of the braking cycle, the
power contactors will switch back to
their pre- braking position.
7. The SCR bridge will phase up and the
Drawworks A motor will resume running
at the cathead RPM.
If the breaking sequence does not function
as stated, check the following:
1. Verify that DWA is assigned. The
Dynamic Brake does not work on DWB
(Drawworks B) or DWS (Drawworks
Series).
2. Pin 135 of the DC Control Module
should read -14 VDC when braking is
required. If it does not, but -14 VDC is
present on Pin 138 of the DC Control
Module. The DC Control Module is
defective, replace it.
3. Contactors K8 and K9 should change
states. If they do not pick up, check and
ensure that RL6 is energized.
4. Verify that -14 VDC is being applied to
Pin 109 of the DC Control Module.
If problems occur during Regenerative
Braking, stop the braking sequence by
removing the input from Pin 138 of the DC
Control Module located in the SCR Bridge
Unit where the faulty braking operation is
taking place.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL
(713) 467-2523