For Official use oily GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS (Railway Board) INDIAN RAILWAY STANDARD. MANUAL ON THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF WELL AND PILE FOUNDATIONS (1985) (WELL AND PILE FOUNDATION CODE) ADOPTED - 1941 REVISED EDITION - 1985 624 15° ISSUED BY r \ RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION LUCKNOW - 226011 MB-i\e in 5 INTRODUCTION This manual covers the design and construction of well foundation and pile foundations for Railway bridges, which generally form part of the permanent foundations for long span bridges. These foundations are commonly used for transferring heavy loads to deep strata in river bed from piers and abutments of bridges. This manual finalised by RDSO has been approved by the Bridge & structure Standards Committee. The Chief Engineers may issue supplementary instructions from time to time to suit local working conditions. = UB-ii 6omel?CONTENTS PAGE NO 1. WELL FOUNDATIONS 11 Depth of foundation. 1 12 Shape and cross-sections of well - 1 1.3 lowable bearin, ure and a Modulus of sub-grade reaction. 14 Loading. 3 1.5 Tilt and shift. 3 1.6 Cutting edges. 3 17 Well curb. 3 18 Well steining. 4 1.9 Bottom Plug. 4 1.10 Top Plug. 4 1.411 Well cap. 4 1.12 Pneumatic Sinking of Wells. 4 2. PILE FOUNDATIONS 24 Classification of piles. 4 22 Types of piles. we 5 23 Spacing of piles. . 5 24 Load carrying capacity of a pile. we 5 25 Factor of Safety for pile foundations. . 9 26 Pile grouping. 27 Settlement of pile foundations. we 1 28 Load test : "1 29 Capacity of Pile against lateral loadings... 1 AIB-iii