Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Baddiri
First Semester, 2017-2018 Saturday, 1pm-4pm
A. COURSEDESCRIPTION
Thiscourseisa3unitsubjectcoveringthebasicprinciplesdealingwith
thestructureofthePhilippineGovernment.
B. COURSEOBJECTIVE
Bytheendofthecourse,studentsshouldbeabletomasterthe
constitutionalprovisionsona.)NationalTerritory,b.)DeclarationofState
PrinciplesandPolicies,c.)FunctionsoftheLegislative,Executiveand
JudicialDepartments,andd.)PrinciplesofChecksandBalances.
C. COURSEOUTLINEANDTIMEFRAME
INTRODUCTION
Political Law
People v. Perfecto, 43 PHIL 887
Macariola v. Asuncion, AM No. 133-J, May 31 1982
A. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1
Constitution
Definition
Classification
Qualities of a Good Written Constitution
Phillipine Constitution
Essential Parts
Interpretation/Construction
Francisco v. House of Representatives GR No. 160261, Nov. 10, 2003
Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary GR No. 83896, Feb 22, 1991
(Self Executing v. Non Self Executing Provisions)
Gamboa v. Teves, GR No. 176579, June 28, 2011
Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, GR No. 122156, Feb 3, 1992
Doctrine of Constitutional Supremacy
Manila Prince Hotel
Constitutional History
1
Malolos Constitution
Treaty of Paris, December 10, 1898
McKinleys Instructions, April 7, 1900
Spooner Amendment, March 2, 1901
Philippine Bill, July 1, 1902
Philippine Autonomy Act, August 29, 1916
Philippine Independence Act (Tydings-McDuffie Act) March 24, 1934
1935 Constitution (Three Amendments)
Japanese Occupation
1973 Constitution
Provisional Freedom Constitution, Proclamation No. 3, March 25, 1986
1987 Constitution, Feb 2, 1987, De Leon v. Esguerra, Aug 31, 1987
Important Principles
Separation of Powers Principles
Principle of Checks and Balances
Principle of Comity
Hierarchy of Laws
Power of Judicial Review
Doctrine of Operative Fact
Political Questions Doctrine
Inherent Powers of Government
Immunity from Suit
Doctrine of Qualified Political Agency
Non-Delegation of Power
Power of Control and Supervision
2
Preamble
Week 2
Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies
Functions of Government
Bacani v. NACOCO, 100 PHIL 468 (1956)
ACCFA v. CUGCO, 30 SCRA 649 (1969)
PVTA v. CIR, 65 SCRA 416 (1975)
PHHC v Court of Industrial Relations, 150 SCRA 296
Spouses Fontanilla v. Hon. Maliaman, GR Nos. 55963, February 27, 1991
VFP v. Reyes, 483 SCRA 526 (2006)
Ramiscal v. Sandiganbayan, 499 SCRA 375 (2006)
Alzaga v. Sandiganbayan, 505 SCRA 848 (2006)
Javier v. Sandiganbayan, 599 SCRA 324 (2009)
MIAA v. CA, 495 SCRA 591 (2006)
Philippine Society v. COA, 534 SCRA 112 (2007)
Serana v. Sandiganbayan, 542 SCRA 224 (2008)
Sovereignty
People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476 (1973)
Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18
3
Rosas v. Montor GR 204105, October 14, 2015
People v. Perfecto, 43 Phil 887
Vilas v. City of Manila, 229 US 345
Laurel v. Misa, 77 Phil 856
Soft Law
Pharmaceutical v. DOH, GR 173034, October 9, 2007
SOJ v. Lantion, GR 139465 *In the Philippines, statutes and treaties may be
invalidated if they conflict with the Constitution.
Philip Morris v. CA, GR 91332, July 16, 1993 *While international law is made part
of the law of the land, it does not imply primacy of international law over national
law.
Vinuya v. ES, GR 162230
Saguisag v. ES, GR 212426
Bayan v. DND Sec. Gazmin, GR 212444
4
Section 5. Maintenance of Peace and Order
Kilosbayan v. Morato, 246 SCRA 540 (1995) and MR 250 SCRA 130
Kulayan v. Tan, 675 SCRA 482 (2012)
Week 3
Section 11. Personal Dignity and Human Rights
5
Section 15. Right to Health
Imbong v. Ochoa: The RH Law does not violate S15. It does not do away with RA
4729 (Regulation of Contraceptive Drugs and Devices) and RA 5921 (Regulation of
Pharmacy) laws that prohibit the sale and distribution of contraceptives without
prescription,
Section 17. Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
Guingona v. Carague
Philconsa v. Enriquez: S5, Art14 which provides for the highest budgetary priority to
education is merely directory
6
Section 24. Vital Role of Communications
PLDT v. NTC, 190 SCRA 717
Week 4
Article VI: The Legislative Department
Exception;
Delegation to local governments and administrative bodies
Grant of Quasi-Legislative Power; In general: LGU and Administrative Bodies
Rubi v.Provincial Board of Mindoro 39 Phil. 660
Antipolo Realty Corp. v. NHA 153 SCRA 399
PITC v. Angales, GR 108461
Atitiw v. Zamora 471 SCRA 329
7
SEC v. Interport 567 SCRA 354
In instances allowed by the Constitution, e,g., Article VI, Section 23(2) and 28(2)
Valid delegation
Requisite of a valid delegation
Agustin v. Edu 88 SCRA 1
Free Telephone Workers v. Min. of Labor 108 SCRA 757
Guingona v. Carague 196 SCRA 221
Complete in Itself
Arena v. Gatmaitan 101 Phil 328
Marcos v. CA 278 SCRA 696
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drug Board 570 SCRA 410
Pacific Steam v. LLDA 608 SCRA 442
Fixes a Standard
People v. Rosenthal 68 Phil 628
Eastern Shipping Lines v. POEA 166 SCRA 533
Tablarin v. Gutierez 152 SCRA 730
Conference v. POEA 243 SCRA 666
Osmea v. Orbos 220 SCRA 703
Viola v. Alunan 277 SCRA 409
Abakada v. Ermita 469 SCRA 1
Beltran v. Secretary of Health 476 SCRA 168
Bayan v. Ermita 488 SCRA 226
Abakada v. Purisima, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)
Undue Delegation
People v. Vera, 65 PHIL 56
US v. Barrias, 11 SCRA 327 (1908)
US v. Panlilio, 28 PHIL 608 (1914)
People v. Maceren, 79 SCRA 450 (1977)
People v. Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90 (1989)
Cebu Oxygen v. Drilon, 176 SCRA 24 (1989)
Ynot v. IAC, 148 SCRA 659 (1987)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH (2007)
Abakada v. Purisima
Philippine Coconut v. Republic, GR 178193, January 24, 2012
8
Executive Misapplication
Tatad v. Secretary DOE, 281 SCRA 330 (1997) and MR 282 SCRA 337 (1997)
Mere Directive
Dagan v. PRC, 578 SCRA 585 (2009)
Rules on Apportionment
(1) In accordance with the number of their respective inhabitants and on the basis of a
uniform and progressive ratio
9
Montejo v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 415
Herrera v. COMELEC GR 131499, November 17, 1999
(4) Following the return of every census, Congress shall make a reapportionment
Citizenship
Bengzon v. Cruz, GR 142840, May 7, 2001
Additional Qualifications
Maquera v. Borra, 15 SCRA 7
Social Justice Society v. Dangerous Drugs Board, GR No. 157870, November 3, 2008
10
People v. Jalosjos, 324 SCRA 689
Trillanes v. Pimentel, 556 SCRA 471
Officers of Congress
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona GR 134577 November 18, 1998
Meaning of a quorum to do business and compulsion to attend
Avelino v. Cuenco - 83 Phil. 17 [1949]
People v. Jalosjos - 324 SCRA 689
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011
Week 5
11
Vera v. Avelino 77 Phil. 192 [1946]
Roces v. HRET 469 SCRA 681 [2005]
Seneres v. COMELEC 585 SCRA 557 [2009]
Limkaichong v. COMELEC 594 SCRA 434 [2009]
Aquino v. COMELEC -243 SCRA 400 [1995]
Perez v. COMELEC GR 133944, October 28, 1999
Aggabao v. COMELEC 449 SCRA 400 [2005]
Barbers v. COMELEC 460 SCRA 569 [2005]
Rasul v. COMELEC GR 134142, August 24, 1999
Guerero v. COMELEC GR 137004, July 26, 2000
Villarosa v. HRET GR 143351, September 14, 2000
Abayon v. HRET GR 189466, February 11, 2010
Garcia v. HRET GR 134792, August 12, 1999
Pre-proclamation controversy
Chavez v. COMELEC 211 SCRA 315 [1991]
Composition
Abbas v. SET 166 SCRA 651 [1988]
Pimentel v. HRET GR 141489, November 29, 2002
Independence
Bondoc v. Pineda 201 SCRA 792 [1991]
Action/Decision
Robles v. HRET 181 SCRA 780 [1990]
Arroyo v. HRET 246 SCRA 384 [1995]
Lerias v. HRET 202 SCRA 808 [1991]
Sandoval v. HRET GR 149380, July 3, 2002
Lokin v. COMELEC GR 179431-32
Sema v. HRET GR 190734, March 26, 2010
Duenas v. HRET 593 SCRA 316 [2010]
Power of Inquiry
Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
Gudani v. Senga- 498 SCRA 671 [2006]
12
Nature and Essence
Neg. O. II Elec. Coop. v. Sangguniang Panlungsod- 155 SCRA 421 [1991]
Requisites
Bengzon v. Senate Blue Ribbon Committee- 203 SCRA 767
1. In aid of legislation
Standard v. Senate- 541 SCRA 456 [2007]
De la Paz v. Senate- 579 SCRA 521 [2009]
Romero v. Estrada- 583 SCRA 396 [2009]
Prohibition of Increase
Prohibition on riders in appropriation bills
Garcia v. Mata- 65 SCRA [1975]
Atitiw v. Zamora, GR 143374, Sept. 30, 2005
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
13
Transfer of Funds
Demetria v. Alba- 148 SCRA 208 [1987]
Liga v. COMELEC- 232 SCRA 219 [1994]
Nazareth v. Villar, G.R. No. 188635, 29 January 2013, 689 SCRA 385
Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 196425, 24 July 2012,
677 SCRA 408
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506
Sanchez v. COA- 552 SCRA 471
Passage of Bills
Arroyo v. De Venecia, 277 SCRA 268 [1997]
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1
Presidential Veto
CIR v .CTA- 185 SCRA 329 [1990]
Gonzales v. Macaraig- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]
Bengzon v. Drilon- 208 SCRA 133 [1992]
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
14
Progressive System
Delegated Tax Legislation
Southern Cross Cement v. Phil. Cement, GR 158540, July 8, 2004
Abakada v. Ermita- 469 SCRA 1 [2005]
Spouses Constantino v. Cuisia, GR 106064, Oct. 13. 2005
Exemptions
Abra Valley College v. Aquino- 162 SCRA 106 [1988]
Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10,2000
Republic v. City of Kidapawan- 477 SCRA 324 [2005]
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, Oct. 24, 2003
Lung Center v. QC, GR 144104, June 29, 2004
Special Funds
Gaston v. Republic Planters Bank- 158 SCRA 626 [1988]
Osmena v. Orbos- 220 SCRA 703 [1993]
Philippine Coconut v. Republic- 663 SCRA 514 [2012]
Week 6
Scope of Power
Marcos v. Manglapus- 177 SCRA 668 [1989]
15
Example of exercise
Valid Exercise
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
Webb v. de Leon- 247 SCRA 652
Djumantan v. Domingo- 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716, December 9, 1998
Pontejos v. Ombudsman- 483 SCRA 83 [2006]
Banda v. Ermita- 618 SCRA 499 [2010]
Invalid Exercise
Laurel v. Garcia- 187 SCRA 797 [1990]
Review Center v. Ermita- 583 SCRA 42 [2009]
Biraogo v. Truth Commission- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]
Executive Privilege
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Almonte v .Vasquez- 244 SCRA 286 [1995]
Senate v. Ermita- GR 169659, April 20, 2006 [E.O. 464]
Neri v. Senate- GR 180643, March 25, 2008
Akbayan v. Aquino- GR 170516, July 16, 2008
The Cabinet
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 505 [2005]
16
Defensor- Santiago v. Ramos- 253 SCRA 559 [1996]
Tecson v. Lim- 424 SCRA 277 [2005]
Poe v. GMA, Pet Case No. 002, March 29, 2005
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Section 5. Oath
Section 10. Vacancies in Both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency
Other Prohibitions
Doromal v. Sandiganbayan- 177 SCRA 354 [1989]
17
Section 16. Power to Appoint; Commission on Appointments
Nature of the Appointing Power
Government v. Springer- 50 PHIL 259 [1927]
Bermudez v. Exec, Secretary- GR 131429 [August 4, 1999]
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, reconsideration, GR 196271,
February 2012
18
Phillips Seafood v. BOI, GR No. 175787, February 4, 2009
Biraogo v. Truth Commission, GR No. 192935, December 7, 2010
Angeles v. Gaite- 605 SCRA 409 [2009]
Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit, GR 177131, 07 June 2011
Power of Supervision
Drilon v. Lim- 235 SCRA 135 [1994]
19
USAFFE Veterans Association v. Treasurer, 105 PHIL 1030, 1959
Gonzales v. Hechanova- 9 SCRA 230 [1963]
World Health Organization v. Aquino, 48 SCRA 242
Bayan v. Executive Secretary Zamora, 343 SCRA 449, 2000
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary, 2005
Lim v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 151445, April 11, 2002
Secretary of Justice v. Judge Lantion, GR No. 139465, Oct. 17, 2000
Abaya v. Ebdane- 315 SCRA 720 (2007)
Pharmaceutical v. DOH- GR 173034, October 9, 2007
Vinuya v. Executive Secretary, GR No. 162230, April 28, 2010
Bayan Muna v. Romulo, 641 SCRA 244
Week 7
Limits
Manila Electric Co. v. Pasay Transit Co. 57 Phil. 60 [1932-1933]
Noblejas v. Teehankee 23 SCRA 405 [1968]
Erdito Quarto v. Honorable Ombudsman Simeon Marcelo, et al., GR 169042, 05
October 2011
Advisory Opinions
Channie Tan v. Republic, 107 PHIL 632
20
Santiago, Jr v. Bautista, 32 SCRA 188
Felipe v. Leuterio, 91 PHIL 482
Director of Prisons v. Ang Cho Kio 33 SCRA 494 [1970]
Justiciable Controversy
Angara v. Electoral Commission, 63 Phil 134
US v. Nixon- 418 US 683 [1974]
Marcos v. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668 [1989]
Daza v, Singson 180 SCRA 496 [1989]
Garcia v. BOI 191 SCRA 288 [1990]
Djumantan v. Domingo 240 SCRA 746 [1995]
Mariano v. COMELEC 242 SCRA 211 [1995]
PPI v COMELEC -224 SCRA 272
SBMA v. COMELEC 262 SCRA 492 [1996]
Tanada v. Angara 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
Arroyo v. De Venecia -277 SCRA 268 [1997]
CIR v. Santos 277 SCRA 617 [1997]
Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio 278 SCRA 769[1997]
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona, GR 134577, November 18, 1997
Tatad v. DOE 281 SCRA 330 [1997]
Telecom v. COMELEC - 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Miranda v. Aguirre GR 133064, September 16, 1999
Cutaran v. DENR 350 SCRA 697 [2001]
Estrada v. Desierto GR 146740-15, March 2, 2001 and MR April 3, 2001
Cawaling v. COMELEC GR 146319, October 23, 2001
Montesclaros v. COMELEC GR 152295, July 9, 2002
John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim, GR 119775, October 24, 2003
Velarde v. Social Justice Society, GR 159357, April 28, 2004
Panganiban v. Philippine Shell, GR 131471, Jan. 22, 2003
SMART v. NTC, GR 151908, August 12, 2003
Buac v. COMELEC 421 SCRA 92
Information Technology v. COMELEC -460 SCRA 291
Senate v. Ermita, GR 169659, April 20, 2006
Garcia v. Executive Secretary 583 SCRA 119 [2009]
21
Sec. 3 Fiscal Autonomy
Radiowealth v. Agregado 86 Phil. 429 [1950]
Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)
In re clarifying and strengthening the Philippine Judicial Academy 481 SCRA 1
RE: Petition for the recognition of the exemption of GSIS, A.M. No. 08-2-01-0,
February 11, 2010
In re COA Opinion on Computation of Appraised Value of Properties -678 SCRA 1
[2012]
Judicial Review
Requisites
Macasiano v. NHA 224 SCRA 236 [1993]
Liban v. Gordon 639 SCRA 709 [2011]
22
De Castro v. JBC 615 SCRA 666 [2010]
LAMP v. Sec. of Budget and Management 670 SCRA 373 [2012]
Second: Standing
Legislators and Government Officials
Gonzales v. Macaraig, Jr.- 191 SCRA 452 [1990]
Philconsa v. Enriquez- 235 SCRA 506 [1994]
Del Mar v. PAGCOR, GR 138298, November 29, 2000
Sandoval v. PAGCOR- GR 138982, November 29, 2000
Jaworski v. PAGCOR- 419 SCRA 420
SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, GR 159085, Feb. 3, 2004
Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
Province of Batangas v. Romulo- 429 SCRA 736 [2004]
Disomangcop v. Datumanong-444 SCRA 203 [2004]
CHR- employees v. CHR- 444 SCRA 300 [2004]
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Pimentel v. Ermita- 495 SCRA 170 [2006]
Prov. Of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel- 564 SCRA 402 [2008]
Concepcion v. COMELEC- 591 SCRA 420 [2009]
Drilon v. De Venecia- 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
Biraogo v. PTC- 637 SCRA 78 [2010]
Taxpayers
Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works- 110 PHIL 331 [1960-1961]
Gonzales v. Marcos- 65 SCRA 624 [1975]
Gonzales v. Narvasa, GR 140835, August 14, 2000
Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159131, Jan. 13 2004.
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary- 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS- 428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Brillantes v. COMELEC- 432 SCRA 269 [2004]
Domingo v. Carague- 456 SCRA 450
Republic v. Nolasco- 457 SCRA 400
Constantino v. Cuisia- 472 SCRA 305
Abaya v. Ebdane- 515 SCRA 720 [2007]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 548 SCRA 485 [2008]
Roque v. COMELEC- 599 SCRA 62 [2009]
Mamba v. Lara, GR 165109, December 14, 2009
De la Llana v. Chairperson, COA- 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Galicto v. Aquino-667 SCRA 150 [2012]
Initiatives for Dialogue v. PSALM- 682 SCRA 602 [2012]
23
Telecom v. COMELEC- 289 SCRA 337 [1998]
Chavez v. PCGG- GR 130716 [May 19,1999]
IBP v. Zamora- GR 141284 [August 15, 2000]
Bayan v. Zamora- GR 138570, October 10, 2000
Cruz v. Secretary of DENR- gr 135385, December 6, 2000
Lozano v. Macapagal-Arroyo GR 146579, February 6, 2001
Lim v. Exec. Secretary- GR 151445 April 11, 2002
Chavez v. PEA- GR 133250, July 9, 2002
Tolentino v. COMELEC- 420 SCRA 438 [2004]
Agan v. PIATCO- 420 SCRA 575 [2004]
Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
Automotive Industry Workers Alliance v. Rumolo- 449 SCRA 1
Pimentel v. Office of the Executive Secretary- 462 SCRA 622
Senate v. Ermita- 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
Purok v. Yuipco- 489 SCRA 382 [2006]
David v. Arroyo- 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
Holy Spirit v. Defensor- 497 SCRA 581 [2006]
Henares v. LTFRB- 505 SCRA 104 [2006]
Francisco v. Fernando- 507 SCRA [2006]
Public interest Center v. Roxas- 513 SCRA 457 [2007]
Garcia v. J.G. Summit- 516 SCRA 483 [2007]
Kilosbayan v. Ermita- 526 SCRA 353 [2007]
Tondo Medical v. CA- 527 SCRA 746 [2007]
Anak Mindanao v. Executive Secretary- 531 SCRA 583 [2007]
Pharmaceutical v. Duque- 535 SCRA 265
Chavez v. Gonzales-545 SCRA 441 [2008]
Akbayan v. Aquino- 558 SCRA 468 [2008]
SJS v. Dangerous Drugs Board- 570 SCRA 410 [2008]
Garcillano v. House- GR 170338, Dec. 23,2008
White Light v. City of Manila- 576 SCRA 416 [2009]
Chamber of Real Estete v. Romulo- 614 SCRA 605 [2010]
Chamber of Real Estate v. ERC- 624 SCRA 556 [2010]
Southern Hemisphere v. ATC- 632 SCRA 146 [2010]
Orlando A. Reyes v. City of Manila, GR 196063, 14 December 2011.
Jelbert B. Galicto v. H.E. President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino, III, GR 193978, 28
February 2012.
Bayan v. Romulo- 641 SCRA 244 [2011]
Magallona v. Ermita- 655 SCRA 476 [2011]
Week 9
Other Rules: Raise at Earliest Opportunity and Constitutionality is the Very Lis Mota
People v. Vera- 65 PHIL. 56 [1937-1938]
Mirasol v. CA- 351 SCRA 44 [2001]
Matibag v. Benipayo- 380 SCRA 49 [2002]
La Bugal v. Ramos- 421 SCRA 148 [2004]
Estarja v. Ranada- 492 SCRA 652 [2006]
Moldex v. HLURB- 525 SCRA 198 [2007]
24
Gobenciong v. CA- 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Heirs v. Marasigan- 548 SCRA 409 [2008]
Abakada v. Purisima- 562 SCRA 251 [2008]
ABS- CBN v. Phil. Multi-Media- 576 SCRA 262 [2009]
CSC v. Andal- 608 SCRA 370 [2009]
BPI v. Shemberg- 628 SCRA 70 [2010]
Macalintal v. PET- 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al. v. Board of Airlines Representatives, GR 193247,
Office of the President v. Board of Airlines Representatives GR 194276, 14
September 2011
Reiterating Moldex v. HLURB
Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, GR 171101, November 22, 2011
Sana v. CESB, GR 192926, November 15, 2011
Gamboa v. Teves- 652 SCRA 690 [2011]
Moot Cases
David v. Arroyo, 489 SCRA 162 (2006)
Suplico v. NEDA, GR 178830, July 14, 2008
Mattel Inc. v. Francisco, GR No. 166886, July 30, 2008
Araullo, et al v. Aquino, et al, GR No. 209287, July 1, 2014 (p. 22)
25
People v. Duavis, GR 190681, 07 December 2011
Admission to the Practice of Law, the Integrated Bar, Disciplinary Powers, and
Legal Assistance to the Underprivileged
In re Cunanan- 94 PHIL. 534 [953-1954]
Javellana v. DILG 212 SCRA 475 [1992]
Velez v. De Vera- A.C. No. 6697, July 25, 2006
In re letter of UP Law Faculty- 644 SCRA 543 [2011]
Limits of Power
Simplified and Inexpensive Procedure for Speedy Disposition
Uniform for All Courts of the Same Grade
Not diminish, increase, or modify substantive rights
Bustos v. Lucero- 81 PHIL. 648 [1948]
PNB v. Asuncion- 80 SCRA 321 [1977]
Fabian v. Desierto, GR 129742, September 16, 1998
People v. Lacson- 400 SCRA 267 [2003]
Planters v. Fertiphil- 426 SCRA 414 [2004]
Tan v. Bausch- 478 SCRA 115 [2005]
Republic v. Gingoyon- 478 SCRA 474 [2005]
Camp John Hay v. BIR- GR 172457, December 24, 2008
26
Sec. 6. Supervision of Courts
Maceda v. Vasquez- 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
De Vera v. Pelayo, GR 137354, July 6, 2000;
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 132177, July 19,2001;
Fuentes v. OMB, GR 124295, October 23, 2001
Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman-265 SCRA 819 [1996]
Garcia v. De la Pena, 299 SCRA 776 [1994]
Maningas v. Barcenas, AM P-99-1315, Nov. 3, 1999
Gorospe v. Sandoval, AM RTJ-00-1534, Feb. 15, 2000
Caoibes v. Ombudsman, GR 132177, July 19, 2001
Fuentes v. Ombudsman, GR 124295, Oct. 23, 2001
Adajar v. Develos- 475 SCRA 361 [2005]
Garcia v. Miro- 582 SCRA 127 [2009]
Escalona v. Padillo, AM P-10-2785, September 21, 2010
Sec. 14. Contents of Decision; Petition for Review; Motion for Reconsideration
Decision expressing clearly and distinctly the facts and the law on which it is
based
Sufficient
Air France v. Carrascoso- 18 SCRA 155 [1966]
People v. Bravo- 227 SCRA 285 [1993]
27
Hernandez v. CA- 208 SCRA 429 [1993]
Francisco v. Permskul- 173 SCRA 324 [1989]
People v. Landicho- 285 SCRA 1 [1996]
People v. Co- 245 SCRA 733 [1995]
People v. Macoy- 275 SCRA 1 [1997]
ABD v. NLRC- 286 SCRA 454 [1998]
People v. Gastador, GR 123727 [April 14, 1999]
People v. Ordonez, GR 136591, July 10, 2000
People v. Orbita, GR 1365891, July 11, 2002
Lorbes v. CA, 351 SCRA 716
People v. Mendoza, GR 143702, Sept. 13, 2001
Asia Traders v. CA- 423 SCRA 114 [2004]
Tichangco v. Enriquez- 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
Ceferina Lopez Tan v. Spouses Antazo, GR 187208, 23 February 2011.
Donnina C. Halley v. Printwell, Inc. GR 157549, 30 May 2011.
Hon. Waldo Q. Flores v. Atty. Antonio F. Montemayor, GR 17046, 8 June 2011
Reiting Solid Homes v. Laserna. Art VIII, Section 14 applies only to the judiciary)
Insufficient
People v. Escober- 157 SCRA 541 [1988]
Nicos v. CA 206 SCRA 127 [1992]
People v. Viernas 262 SCRA 641 [1996]
People v. Bugarin 273 SCRA 384 [1997]
People v. Nadera 342 SCRA 490 [2000]
Madrid v. CA, GR 130683, May 31 2000
Yao v. CA, GR 132428, October 24, 2000
People v. Dumaging, GR 135516, September 20, 2000
Ong Chiu Kwan, GR 13006, November 23, 2000
Spouse Yu Eng Cho v. Pan America World Airways, Inc., GR 123560, March 27,
2000
Kao v. C.A., G.R. No. 105014, December 18,2001
People v. Pastor, 379 SCRA 181 (2002)
People v. Lizada, GR 143468, Jan 24, 2003
Consing v. CA-425 SCRA 192 [2004]
Velarde v. SJS-428 SCRA 283 [2004]
Report on the Judicial Audit (MTC of Tambulig)- 472 SCRA 419 [2005]
Lacurom v. Tienzo- 535 SCRA 252 [2007]
Salazar v. Marigomen- 537 SCRA 25 [2007]
De la Pena v. CA- 579 SCRA 396 [2009]
Office of the President and Presidential Anti- Graft Commission v. Calixto R.
Cataquiz, GR 183445, 14 September 2011.
Republic of the Philippines (University of the Philippines) v. Legaspi, GR 177611, 18
April 2012
Legal basis must be stated if a petition for review or motion for reconsideration
of a decision shall be refused due course or denied
Borromeo v. CA- 186 SCRA 1 [1990]
JRB Realty v. CA-271 SCRA 229 [1997]
Komatsu v. CA-289 SCRA 604 [1998]
Martinez v. CA, GR 123547, May 21, 2001
28
Protacio v. Laya-582 SCRA 417 [2009]
Nationwide Security and Allied Services, Inc. v. Ronald P. Valderama, GR 186614, 23
February 2011. Reiterating Philippine Health care Providers, Inc. v. CIR.
Re: Verified Complaint of Engr. Oscar L. Ongjoco, A.M. OCA IPI No. 11-184-CA-J,
31 January 2012.
Agoy v. Araneta Center, GR 196358, 21 March 2012. Reiterating Borromeo v. CA
Supplemnent:
Sibayan-Joaquin v. Judge Javellana, A.M. No. RTJ-00-1601, Nov. 13,2001
Week 10
Article IX: Constitutional Commissions
A. Common Provisions
Section 3. Salary
29
Section 7. Decisions of the Commissions
Week 11
B. Civil Service Commission
30
LRTA v. Venus 485 SCRA 301
PARAGRAPH 2
Classifications and Appointments
HIGC v. CSC 220 SCRA 148 [1993]
Mauna v. CSC 232 SCRA 388 [1994]
Rimonte v. CSC 244 SCRA 498 [1995]
Gloria v. De Guzman 249 SCRA 126 [1995]
Atty. Ellas Omar A Sana v. Career Executive Service Board, GR 192926, 15
November 2011
Competitive
Samson v. CA 145 SCRA 654[1986]
Non-Competitive
Astraquillo v. Mangalupas 190 SCRA 280 [1990]
Office of the President v. Buenaobra 501 SCRA 302
Policy-Determining
Primarily Confidential
Borres v. CA 153 SCRA 120 [1987]
Grino v. CSC 194 SCRA 458 [1991]
Santos v. Macaraig 208 SCRA 74 [1992]
Hilario v. CSC 243 SCRA 206 [1995]
Rosete v. CA 264 SCRA 147 [1996]
CSC v. Salas 274 SCRA 414 [1997]
Acahacoso v. Macaraig 195 SCRA 235 [1991]
Felix v. Buenaseda 240 SCRA 139 [1995] (par.2)
Pamantasan ng Maynila v. CSC 241 SCRA 503 [1995]
Province of the Camarines Sur v. CA 246 SCRA 231 [1995]
PEZA v. Mercado 614 SCRA 683 [2010]
CSC v. CA 635 SCRA 749 [2010]
Permanent
Luego v. CSC 143 SCRA 327 [1986]
Pangilinan v. Maglaya 225 SCRA 511 [1993] (par.2)
Reorganization
Santiago v. CSC 178 SCRA 733 [1989]
Montecillo v. Civil Service Commission, GR NO. 131954. June 28, 2001
Gatmaitan v. Gonzales 492 SCRA 591
Nieves v. Blanco 673 SCRA 638 [2012]
31
1. Loss confidence
Hernandez v. Villegas 14 SCRA 544 [1965]
2. Abolition of Office
Briones v. Osmena 104 PHIL. 588 [1958]
Eugene v. CSC 243 SCRA 196 [1995]
3. Reorganization
Romualdez-Yap v. CSC 225 SCRA 285 [1993]
Fernandez v. Sto Tomas 242 SCRA 192 [1995]
Chato v. Natividad 244 SCRA 787 [1995]
Divinagracia v. Sto. Tomas 244 SCRA 595 [1995] (par.3)
Vinzon-Chato v. Zenarosa, GR 120539, October 20, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Cuevas v. Bacal, GR 139382, December 6, 2000
Security of Tenure
Chua v. CSC 206 SCRA 65 [1992]
NLTD v. CSC 221 SCRA 145
Cabagnot v. CSC 223 SCRA 59 (
Marohombsar v. CA, GR 126481, February 18, 2000
Ong v. OP 664 SCRA 413 [2012]
Temporary Employees
Gloria v. CA, GR 119903, August 15, 2000
32
Section 3. Purpose of a Civil Service System
Lazo v. CSC, 236 SCRA 469
Week 12
C. Commission on Elections
Administrative Power
Alfiado v. Comelec, GR 141787, September 18, 2000
Columbres v. Comelec, GR 142038,September 18, 2000
Sahali v. Comelec, GR 134169, February 2, 2000
Claudio v. Comelec, GR 140560, May 4, 2000
De Guzman v. Comelec, GR 129118, July 19, 2000
Social Weather Station, Inc v. COMELEC, GR NO. 147571, May 5, 2001
Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159139, Jan 13, 2004
Buac v. Comelec, 421 SCRA 92
Capalla v. COMELEC 673 SCRA 1 [2012]
33
Election Contests
Flores v. COMELEC 184 SCRA 484 [1990]
Galido v. COMELEC 193 SCRA 78 [1991]
Mercado v. BES 243 SCRA 422 [1995]
Relampagos v. Cumba 243 SCRA 690 [1995]
People v. Delgado 189 SCRA 715 [1990]
Garces v. CA 259 SCRA 99 [1996]
Zarate v. Comelec and Lallave GR 129096, November 19, 1999
Regalado v. CA, GR 115962, February 15, 2000
Faelnar v. People,GR 140850-51, May 4, 2000
Tan v. Comelec, GR 148575, Dec. 10, 2003
Alauya v. Comelec, GR 158830, August 10, 2004
Recommendatory Powers
Section 3. Decisions
Pangilinan v. COMELEC 228 SCRA 36[1993]
Sarmiento v. Comelec 212 SCRA 307[1992]
Carnicosa v. COMELEC 282 SCRA 512[1997]
Ramas v. COMELEC 286 SCRA 189[1998]
Garvida v. Sales 271 SCRA 767[1997]
Velayo v. Comelec, GR 135613, March 9, 2000
Sebastian v. Comelec, GR 139573, Mach 7, 2000
Soller v. Comelec, GR 139853, September 5, 2000
Barroso v. Ampig et al, GR138218, March 17, 2000
Maruhon v. Comelec, GR 139357, May 5,2000
Balindong v. Comelec, GR 153991, Oct. 16, 2003
Jaramilla v. Comelec, GR 155717, Oct. 23, 2003
Bautista v. Comelec, GR 154796-97, Oct. 23, 2003
De Llana v. Comelec, GR 152080, Nov. 28, 2003
Repol v. Comelec, GR 151418, Apr. 28, 2004
Pedragoza v. COMELEC 496 SCRA 513
34
Cayetano v. COMELEC 479 SCRA 514
Munoz v. COMELEC 495 SCRA 407
Tan v. COMELEC 507 SCRA 352
Enriquel v. COMELEC 613 SCRA 809
Mendoza v. COMELEC 616 SCRA 443
Maria Laarni L Cayetano v. Comelec, GR 193846, 12 April 2011 (also in Sec. 7, Art
IX-A)
Section 7. No Block-Voting
D. Commission of Audit
35
DBP v. COA, 422 SCRA 459 [2004]
Home Development Mutual Fund v. COA, GR 142297, June 15, 2004
DBP v. COA 498 SCRA 537 [2006]
Nava v. Palattao 499 SCRA 745 [2006]
Gualberto De Llana v. COA, GR 180989, 7 Feb. 2012
Candelario L. Versoza Jr. v. Guillermo N Carague, GR 157838, 7 February 2012
Philippine Coconut v. Republic 663 SCRA 514 [2012]
Audit Jurisdiction
Caltex v. COA 208 SCRA 726 [1992]
Mamaril v. Domingo 227 SCRA 206[1993]
Philippine Airlines v. COA 245 SCRA 39 [1995]
CIR v. COA 218 SCRA 203 [1993]
CSC v. Pobre, GR 160568, Sept. 15, 2004
Luciano Velos, et al. v. Commission On Audit, GR 193677,6 Sept. 20011
Boy Scout of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 7 June 2011
Dela Llana v. COA 665 SCRA 176 [2012]
Settle Government Account
Philippine Operations, Inc. v. Auditor General, 94 Phil 868 [1953-1954]
ICNA v. Republic, 21 SCRA 40 [1967]
Dingcong v. Guingona, 162 SCRA 782 [1988]
NHC v. COA 226 SCRA 55 [1993]
Euro-Med v. Province of Batangas, 495 SCRA 30 [2006]
Week 13
36
San Juan v. CSC, 196 SCRA 69 (1991)
Drilon v. Lim 235 SCRA 135 [1994]
Magtajas v. Pryce Properties, GR No. 111097, July 20, 1994
Judge Leynes v. COA, GR No. 143596, Dec. 11, 2003
Batangas CATV v. CA and Batangas City, GR No. 138810, September 29, 2004
CREBA v. Secretary of DAR, GR 183409, June 18, 2010
37
Montebon v. COMELEC, 551 SCRA 50
Ong v. Alegre, GR No. 163295, January 23, 2006
Laceda v. Lumena GR 182867, November 25, 2008
Dizon v. COMELEC, GR No. 182088, January 30, 2009
Alboin v. COMELEC, GR No. 184836, December 23, 2009
Bolos v. COMELEC 581 SCRA 786 [2009]
Aldovino v. COMELEC 609 SCRA 234 [2009]
Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, February 2012
(reconsideration; holdover provision in RA 9054 Unconstitutional as Congress in passing RA
10153 has made clear)
38
Datu Michel Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, 18 October 2011. (The
framers decided to reinstate the provision in order to make it clear, once and for all, that these
are the limits of the powers to the autonomous government; those not enumerated are
actually to be exercised by the national government; the autonomy granted to the ARMM
cannot be invoked to defeat national policies and concerns Since the synchronization of
elections not just a regional concerns but a national one, the ARMM is subject to it; the
regional autonomy granted to the ARMM cannot be used to exempt the region from having
act in accordance with national policy mandated by no less than the Constitution)
Week 14
Article XI. Accountability of Public Officers
39
Romulo v. Yniguez, 141 SCRA 260 (1986)
Francisco v. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44
Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452 (2001); MR, 356 SCRA 108 (2001)
Gutierrez v. Committee on Justice, 643 SCRA 198
Section 4. Sandiganbayan
Nunez v. Sandiganbayan 111 SCRA 433 [1982] (creation of Sandiganbayan)
Lecaros v. Sandiganbayan 128 SCRA 324 [1984] (crimes in relation to public
office)
Cunanan v. Arceo 242 SCRA 88 [1995] (averment of the nature of the crime
committed)
Balmadrid v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 58327, March 22, 1991
Azarcon v. Sandiganbanyan, GR No. 116033, February 26, 1997
Binay v. Sandiganbayan GR NO. 120681-83 [October 1, 1999]
Mayor Layus v. Sandiganbayan GR 134272, December 8, 1999
Abbot v. Mapayo, GR 134102, July 6, 2000
Defensor-Santiago, 356 SCRA 636 (2001)
Section 5. Ombudsman
Baluyot v. Holganza, GR 136374, February 2000
Garcia v. Ombudsman, GR 127710, February 16, 2000
Lapid v. CA, GR 142261, June 29, 2000
Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
Mamburao v. Desierto, 429 SCRA 76
Carandang v. Desierto, 639 SCRA 293
Lacson v. ES, 649 SCRA 142
People v. Morales, 649 SCRA 182
Quarto v. Marcelo, 658 SCRA 580
Section 6. Appointments
Ombudsman v. CSC, GR No. 162215, July 20, 2007
40
Section 8. Qualifications
Section 9. Appointments
In General
Cruz v. Sandiganbayan 194 SCRA 474 [1991]
Maceda v. Vasquez 221 SCRA 464 [1993]
Macalino v. Sandiganbayan 376 SCRA 452
Garcia v. Miro, GR No. 148944, Feb 5, 2003
Honasan II v. Panel of Investigating Prosecutors GR No. 159747, April 13, 2004
Samson v. OMB, GR 117741, Sept 29, 2004
Corpuz v. Sandiganbayan, GR 162214, Nov. 11, 2004
Khan, Jr. v. Ombudsman, GR No. 125296, July 20, 2006
Ombudsman v. Estandarte, GR No. 168670, April 13, 2007
Ombudsman v. Lucero, November 24, 2006
Ombudsman v. CA, GR No. 169079, July 17, 2007
Sangguniang Barangay v. Punong Barangay, GR No. 170626, March 3, 2008
Perez v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 166062, September 26, 2006
Buencamino v. CA, GR No. 175895, April 4, 2007
Medina v. COA, GR No. 176478, February 4, 2008
Villas Nor v. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 180700, March 4, 2008
Ombudsman v. Rodriguez, GR No. 172700, July 23, 2010
OMB v. Estendarte 521 SCRA 155 [2007]
Salvador v. Mapa 539 SCRA 34 [2000]
OMB v. Masing 542 SCRA 253 [2008]
Medina v. COA 543 SCRA 684[2008]
Borja v. People 553 SCRA 250 [2008]
41
Buennaseda v. Favier 226 SCRA 645 [1993](when to suspension)
Hagad v. Gozo-Dadole 251 SCRA 243 [1995] (nature)
Vasquez v. Hobilla-Alinio 271 SCRA 67 [1997] (not in relation to duties)
OMB v. CA 491 SCRA 92
OMB v. Madriaga 503 SCRA 631
OMB v. CA 507 SCRA 593
Estorja v. Ranada 492 SCRA 652
OMB v. Lucero 508 SCRA 593
Balbastro v. Junio 527 SCRA 680 [2007]
OMB v. CA 527 SCRA 798 [2007]
COA v. CA 529 SCRA 245 [2007
OMB v. Santiago 533 SCRA 305 [2007]
Govenciong v. CA 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
Marahomsalic v. Cole 547 SCRA 98
OMB v. Lisondra 548 SCRA 83
Miro v. Abugan 549 SCRA 34
Cesa v. OMB 553 SCRA 357
OMB v. De Sahagun 562 SCRA 122
OMB v. samaniego 564 SCRA 502
Boncalon v. OMB GR 171812, December 24, 2008
OMB v. Beltran 588 SCRA 574 [2009]
OMB v. Apolonio, GR 165132, 07 March 2012 (power to directly impose
administrative penalties, including removal from office)
42
Week 15
Alienation
Sta. Rosa Mining v. Liedo 156 SCRA 1 [1987] (mining claims)
San Miguel Corporation v. CA 185 SCRA 722 [1990] (possession in the concept of
an owner)
Republic v. Bantigue Point development Corporation, GR 162322, 14 March 2012
(burden on applicant to prove land sought to be registered is alienable or disposable
on a positive act the government)
Utilization
Miners v. Factoran 240 SCRA 100[1995] (jura regalia)
Tano v. Socrates 278 SCRA 154 [1997] (Subsistence fisherman)
Villaflor v. CA - 280 SCRA 297 [1997] (private ownership)
Republic v. CA and PREC GR 103882, [November 25, 1998] 299 SCRA 199
Republic v. Rosemoor Mining and Devt Corp. , GR 149927, Mar 30, 2004
Alvarez v. PICOP 606 SCRA 444 [2009]
IID v. PSALM 682 SCRA 602 [2012]
43
Republic v. Southside, 502 SCRA 587
Republic v. T.A.N., 555 SCRA 477
44
PTC v. NTC, GR 138295, Aug. 28, 2003
Associated Communications v. NTC, GR No. 144109, February 17, 2003
Eastern Telecom v. Telecom Technologies, GR No. 135992, July 23, 2004
Royal Cargo Corp. v. CAB 421 SCRA 21
Metropolitan v. Adala 526 SCRA 465 [2007]
PAGCOR v. BIR, 645 SCRA 338
Francisco v. TRB 633 SCRA 470 [2010]
Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Malgarito B Tebes, GR 176579, 28 June
2011.
Definition of capital refers only to share of stock entitled to vote in the election of
directors, and thus in the present case only to common share, and not the total
outstanding capital stock comprising
Express Investment v. Bayantel 687 SCRA 50 [2012]
45
Section 21. Foreign Loans
Week 16
Unincorporated Agencies
Mentran v. Paredes 79 PHIL. 819 (1947 1948 )
NAC v. Teodoro 91 PHIL. 203 (1952)
Mobil Philippines v. Customs Arrestre 18 SCRA 1120 (1966)
Del Mar v. PVA 51 SCRA 340 (1973)
CAA v. CA 167 SCRA 28 (1988)
Farolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 340 (1993)
PNR v. IAC 217 SCRA 401 (1993)
Republic v. Nolasco 457 SCRA 460 (2005)
Republic v. Unimex 518 SCRA 20 (2007)
Professional Video v. TESDA 591 SCRA 83 (2009)
Government Officers
Ministero v. CFI 40 SCRA 464 (1971
Syquia v. Almeda-Lopez 84SCRA 312 [1978]
Festejo v. Fernando 94 SCRA 54 [1979]
Aberca v. Ver 160 SCRA 590 [1988]
Shauf v. CA 191 SCRA 713 [1990]
Vidad v. RTC 271 [1993]
Regional Director v. CA 229 SCRA 557 [1994]
Africa v. PCGG/Villanueva v. Sandiganbayan [January 1992]
46
Foreign Government
Baer v. Tizon 57 SCRA 1 [1974]
US v. Ruiz 136 SCRA 487 [1985]
Sanders v. Veridiano 162 SCRA 88 [1988]
U.S v. Reyes 219 SCRA 192 [1993]
The Holy See v. Rosario 238 SCRA 524 [1994]
JUSMAG v. NLRC 239 SCRA 224 [1994]
Larkins v. NLRC 241 SCRA 598 [1995]
Minucher v. CA GR 142396, Feb, 11, 2003
Consent by Law
Carabao v. Agricultural product Com. 35 SCRA 224 [1970]
Arcega v. CA 66 SCRA 230 [1975]
Rayo v. CFI 110 SCRA 456 [1981]
Municipality of San Fernando v. Firme 195 SCRA 692 [1991]
Republic v. NLRC 263 SCRA 290 [1996]
Agency Propriety
United States v. Guinto 182 SCRA 644 [ 1990]
Fontanilla v. Maliaman 194 SCRA 486 [1991]
PRC v. CA 256 SCRA 667 [1996]
Waiver
Republic v. Purisima 78 SCRA 470 [1977]
Santiago v. Republic 87 SCRA 294 [1978]
Traders Royal Bank v. IAC 192 SCRA 305 [1990]
Republic v. Sandoval 220 SCRA 124 [1993]
Delos Santos v. IAC 223 SCRA 11 [1993]
DA v. NLRC 227 SCRA 693 [1993]
EPG v. Sec. of DPWH 354 SCRA 566 [2001]
Resulting Liability
Philrock v. Board of Liquidators 180 SCRA 171 [1989]
Liang v. People GR 125865 [January 28, 2000] ADB immunity)
Republic v. Hidalgo 477 SCRA 12 [2005] (writ execution)
Philippine Agila v. Lichauco 489 SCRA 22 [2006]
Curato v. PPA 590 SCRA 215 [2009]
U.P. v. Dizon 679 SCRA 54 [2012]
Section 4. AFP
47
Department of Budget v. Manilas Finest, GR No. 169466, May 9, 2007
Mendoza v. PNP, GR No. 139658, June 21, 2005
Week 17
Section 2. Initiative
Defensor-Santiago v. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997); MR (1997)
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160 (2006)
Section 4. Ratification
Gonzales v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)
Tolentino v. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 702 (1971)
Sec. 9 Sub-Provinces
Sec. 10-11 Security of Tenure Judges
Sec. 12-14 Cases Filed Prior to Effectivity of New Constitution
Sec. 15 Term of Carry-over Commission
48
Sec. 16 Career Civil Service Officers
Dario v. Mison 176 SCRA 84 [1989] (reorganization)
Mendoza v. Quisumbing 186 SCRA 108 [1990]
Ontiveros v. CA. G.R. No. 145401 May 7, 2001
49