CLASS 7

CHAPTER: TRANSPORTATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Q1. Why is color of blood red?
A. Blood has a Pigment known as hemoglobin that gives red color to it.
Q2. What does blood consist of?
A. Blood consists of Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
Q3. What is removed along with water as sweat?
A. Extra salts are removed along with water as sweat.
Q4. What is the function of stethoscope?
A. Stethoscope is used by doctors to amplify heart beat so that it can be analysed
properly.
Q5. What is pulse?
A. Throbbing that occurs in arteries due to flowing of blood is called pulse.
Q6. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal?
A. All organisms need food, water and oxygen for survival. They need to transport all
these to various parts of their body.
Q7. What are the functions of white blood cells?
A. White blood cells fight against the infection or germs in the body, thereby providing
immunity.
Q8. How is clot formed?
A. Clot is produced as an action of platelets during any external injury to prevent
excessive loss of blood.
Q9.What is the main function of heart?
A. Heart is the main pumping organ for blood to be circulated as blood is required to be
sent to all the parts of the body so as carry on all the important functions of body.
Q10. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
A. During various activities which are performed within body, certain by products are
produced. Some of these products are toxic and are required to be thrown out.
Q11. What is transpiration? How is it useful to plants?
A. It is the process of removal of extra water in the form of water vapours through
stomata in plants. This process helps in eliminating extra water and keeping plant cooler.
Q12. What is meant by excretion?
A. It is the process of removal of toxic substances from the body.
Q13. Why is blood needed by all the parts of the body?
A. Blood helps in transport of various material such as, digested food from the intestine,
oxygen and carbon dioxide from their respective sites, watses material for excretion.
These are to be transported to ensure proper functioning in the body.
Q14. Why do plants absorb a large quantity of water from the soil?
A. Plants remove lots of water by the process of transpiration. This is why plants require
to absorb large quantity of water from the soil.
Q15. Differentiate between:
1. arteries and veins
Arteries Veins
They carry blood away from heart They carry blood towards heart.
They carry oxygenated blood except
pulmonary artery
They carry deoxygenated blood except
pulmonary vein
They are thick walled and deeply
seated
They are thin walled and superficially
located beneath skin
They lack valves They have valves to prevent backflow
of blood.
2. atrium and ventricle
Atrium Ventricle
They are the upper chambers of heart They are the lower chambers of
heart.
They receive blood from various body
parts
They distribute blood to various
parts
of the body
They are thin walled They are thick walled
3. RBC and WBC
RBC WBC
They are red in colour They are colourless
They have hemoglobin They lack hemoglobin
They help in transport of gases They help in fighting against germs
and infection
4. xylem and phloem
Xylem Phloem
It transports water and minerals It transports food
It has unidirectional movement. It has multidirectional movement.
Q16. Why do sponges and hydra not have blood?
A. Animals such as sponges and hydra do not possess any circulatory system. The water
in which they live brings food and oxygen as it enter their body the water carries away
waste materials and carbon dioxide as it moves out.
Q17. Why valves present in veins?
A. Valves are present in veins to prevent backflow of blood in tissues.
Q18. Draw the diagram of human heart and label all the parts.
A.
.Q19. Enlist the functions of blood.
A. It transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts.
It carries oxygen and carbon dioxide to their respective organs and tissues
It transports wastes for removal from the body.
Q20. Describe the circulation of blood through heart and body.
A. The blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) are responsible for the delivery of
oxygen and nutrients to the tissue. Oxygen-rich blood enters the blood vessels through
the heart's main artery called the aorta. The forceful contraction of the heart's left
ventricle forces the blood into the aorta which then branches into many smaller arteries
which run throughout the body. The inside layer of an artery is very smooth, allowing the
blood to flow quickly. The outside layer of an artery is very strong, allowing the blood to
flow forcefully. The oxygen-rich blood enters the capillaries where the oxygen and
nutrients are released. The waste products are collected and the waste-rich blood flows
into the veins in order to circulate back to the heart which further goes to lungs for
purification.
Q21. Name the types of blood vessels and their functions.
A. There are three varieties of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. During blood
circulation, the arteries carry blood away from the heart. The capillaries connect the
arteries to veins. Finally, the veins carry the blood back to the heart.
Q22. Explain the process of urine formation in man.
A. During circulation, blood passes through the kidneys in order to deposit used and
unwanted water, minerals, and a nitrogen-rich molecule called urea. The kidneys filter
the wastes from the blood, forming a liquid called urine. The kidneys funnel the urine
into the bladder along two separate tubes called ureters. The bladder stores the urine until
muscular contractions force the urine out of the body through the urethra. Each day, your
kidneys produce about 1.5 liters of urine. All of it needs to be removed from your system.
This occurs through urination.
Q23. Draw a well labeled diagram of human excretory system and discuss the functions
of all the parts.
A.
Q24. Discuss the flow of blood through heart.
A. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
In the human heart there is one atrium and one ventricle for each circulation, and with
both a systemic and a pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: left atrium,
left ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle. The right atrium is the upper chamber of
the right side of the heart. The blood that is returned to the right atrium is deoxygenated
(poor in oxygen) and passed into the right ventricle to be pumped through the pulmonary
artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. The left atrium
receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is
passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs
of the body.