CHM 2201 Fall 2007

Organic Chemistry Lab I

Department of Chemistry
Villanova University
Extraction, Distribution Coefficient
Experiment 4A Calculation Worksheet

A. Prepare the Standard Benzoic Acid Solution

1. Calculate the molarity of your standard Benzoic Acid (PhCO2H; Molecular Weight: 122.12) solution:

0.61g PhCO2H x 1 mole PhCO2H = .005 mole PhCO2H dissolved in 250 mL water Benzoic Acid
122 g PhCO2H (PhCO2H)
M.W. = 122.12
.005 mole PhCO2H = X mole PhCO2H Solve for X: X = 0.02 mole PhCO2H in 1000 mL water or 0.02 M PhCO2H
250 mL water 1000 mL water

B. Single 10 mL Extraction and Determination of Distribution Coefficient

1. Calculate amount of Benzoic Acid you are starting with:

50 mL 0.02M PhCO2H x 0.02 mole PhCO2H x 122.12 g PhCO2H = 0.122 g PhCO2H in starting aqueous solution.
1000 mL 0.02M PhCO2H 1 mole PhCO2H

2. To calculate amount of PhCO2H remaining in aqueous solution after extraction with 10 mL of methylene chloride, titrate aqueous layer with 0.02M NaOH

____mL 0.02M NaOH x 0.02 mole NaOH x 1mole PhCO2H x 122.12 g PhCO2H = Y g PhCO2H remaining in aqueous layer
1000mL 0.02M NaOH 1 mole NaOH 1 mole PhCO2H

3. Calculate the amount of PhCO2H extracted into the methylene chloride layer
0.122 g PhCO2H - Y g PhCO2H = Z g PhCO2H in 10 mL methylene chloride extract

4. Calculate Kd

Kd = C methylene chloride = Z g PhCO2H / 10 mL = Z / 10 = Calculated Kd

C water (Y g PhCO2H) / 50 mL Y / 50

(Continued on other side)

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CHM 2201 Fall 2007
Organic Chemistry Lab I
Department of Chemistry
Villanova University

Experiment 4A Calculation Worksheet (continued)

C. Two 5 mL Extractions

1. Calculate amount of Benzoic Acid (PhCO2H) you are starting with:

50mL 0.02M PhCO2H x 0.02 mole PhCO2H x 122.12 g PhCO2H = 0.122 g PhCO2H in starting aqueous solution.
1000 mL 0.02M PhCO2H 1 mole PhCO2H

2. To calculate amount of PhCO2H remaining in aqueous solution after extraction with 2 x 5 mL of methylene chloride, titrate aqueous layer with ~0.02M NaOH

____mL 0.02M NaOH x 0.02 mole NaOH x 1mole PhCO2H x 122.12 g PhCO2H = Y g PhCO2H remaining in aqueous layer
1000mL 0.02M NaOH 1 mole NaOH 1 mole PhCO2H

3. Calculate the total amount of PhCO2H extracted into the 2 x 5 mL methylene chloride layers
0.122 g PhCO2H - Y g PhCO2H = Z g PhCO2H total amount in 2 x 5mL methylene chloride extracts

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4. Calculate theoretical amount of PhCO2H that should be removed by 2 x 5 mL metheylene chloride extractions using Kd calculated in Step B4. For the first
5 mL extraction with methylene chloride where W is the amount of benzoic acid extracted into methylene chloride:

Kd = C methylene chloride = W g PhCO2H / 5 mL = W/5 = Calculated Kd (value determined in B4)

C water (0.122 g PhCO2H - W g PhCO2H) / 50 mL (0.122 W) / 50
( Kd = known quantity; solve equation for W).

Repeat this calculation for the second 5 mL extraction using the W value determined above and where A is the amount of benzoic acid extracted into the second
5 mL portion of methylene chloride:

Kd = C methylene chloride = A g PhCO2H / 5 mL = A/5 = Calculated Kd (value determined in B4)

C water (0.122 g PhCO2H - W g PhCO2H A g PhCO2H) / 50 mL (0.122 W A) / 50

(W, Kd = known quantities; solve equation for A).

Combine calculated W and A values to get theoretical amount of acid removed by two 5 mL extractions and compare with the amount experimentally found.

TMB 10/07
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