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Chapter 6 : 20, 47, 53, 56, 80

Problem 20) Find the work done by a force


= . + . N as it acts on an
object moving from the origin to the point + m.

Sol)
W=
J
= ( . + . ) ( + )
= (100.8+68.2) J
= 169 J

Problem 47) You pull a box 23m horizontally, using the rope shown in Fig. 6.16.
If the rope tension is 120N, and if the rope does 2500J of work on the box,
what angle does the rope make with the horizontal?

Sol)
Horizontal displacement of box: = 23m
Rope tension: T = 120N
Horizontal component of rope tension: =

Work done on the box: W = = () = 2500J

Calculation gives,

= [] = [()()] =
Problem 53) A certain amount of work is required to stretch spring A a certain
distance. Twice as much work is required to stretch spring B half that distance.
Compare the spring constants of the two.

Sol)
Assume spring A, with spring constant , is stretched a distance x.

Then the work required is = .

Twice as much work is required to stretch spring B (with spring constant ) a


distance (x/2).


Hence, = ( ) = ( ) .


Therefore, = ( ).

Problem 56) You put your little sister (mass m) on a swing whose chains have
length L and pull slowly back until the swing makes an angle with the
vertical. Show that the work you do is ( ).

Sol)
T : Tension of the swing
F : Pulling force
Since the swing moves slowly, = (and = )

Small displacement by pulling force : =


(Displacement
and the force have same direction.)

Therefore,

= = ( ) ( ) = ( )


= = /
()(. )((. ))

Problem 80) A locomotive accelerates a freight train of total mass M from rest,
applying constant power P. Determine the speed and position of the train as
functions of time, assuming all the power goes to increasing the trains kinetic
energy.

Sol)

= = ( ) = ( ) =
Hence, = ()

With initial condition v(t=0) = 0, integrating both sides gives



= ()

=


Therefore, =


From the above expression, = =


Hence, =

Again, with initial condition x(t=0) = 0, integration gives



=
/
=


Therefore, = /

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