Chapter 11

29. A uniform, spherical cloud of interstellar gas has mass 2.0 1030 kg , has
radius 1.0 1013 m , and is rotating with period 1.5 106 years . The cloud
collapses to form a star 7.5 108 m in radius. Find the stars rotation
period.

Solution) Using conservation of Angular Momentum,

2
L=I= M r 2
3

and initial state and final state have same angular momentum
2 2 2 2 2 2
M r1 = M r2
3 T1 3 T2
and initial state is L 5.6 1050 and final state is L=(
2 30 16 2
2 10 56.25 10 )( )
3 T

2
r2 17
Hence, T2 = ( ) T 1 8.4 10 s
r1

36. A particle of mass m moves in a straight line at constant speed v .

Show that its angular momentum about a point located a perpendicular
distance b from its line of motion is mvb regardless of where the
particle is on the time.

Solution) Let r is position vector from origin and is angle between r and

v. Because of | r | cos ( ) =b, |L|=| r x p |=m| r x v |=m|r||v|sin =mvb.
2
So, regardless of , angular momentum is constant. That means above
condition.

48. A force F applied at the point x=2.0m, y=0m produces a torque 4.6
k^ N m about the origin. If the x-component of
F is 3.1N, what angle
does it make with the x-axis?
Solution) r=(2,0), F=(3.1, y)

i j k
rxF= 2 0 0 = 2y k^ = 4.6 k^
3.1 y 0

Therefore, y=2.3N

58. A massless spring with constant k is mounted on a turntable of rotational

inertia I , as shown in Fig. 11.19. The turntable is on a frictionless vertical
axle, though initially its not rotating. The spring is compressed a distance
x from its equilibrium, with a mass m placed against it. When the spring
is released, the mass moves at right angles to a line through the turntables
center, at a distance b from the center, and slides without friction across the
table and off the edge. Find expressions for (a) the linear speed of the mass
and (b) the rotational speed of the turntable. (Hint : Whats conserved?)

Solution) Using energy conservation law,

1 1 1
k ( x)2=( m v2 + I 2)
2 2 2
and v =b

1 1
mb 2+ I 2
2 2
1
k ( x )2=
2

k ( x)2 k ( x)2
= , v =
mb 2+ I I
m b2 + 2
b

64. A system has total angular momentum L about a parallel axis O is

given by L' =Lh p , where p is the systems linear momentum and
h is a vector from O to O (see Fig. 11.21, which also shows vectors
ri
and r i from each axis to the systems i th mass element mi ).

Solution)

L= Li = (r i pi)
i i
= (r 'i +h) p i
i

= r i ' pi + h pi
i i

L h p
'

L =