Solution for Chapter 16.

Temperature and Heat

46.

Incident energy should be same with the energy to increase the temperature of the
lake.
200W/m2 (103 m)2 (time)

= (20 C 10 C) 4184J/kg K (103 m)2 10m 1g/cm3 106 cm3 /m3

(time) = 2.092 109 s 24213 days

51.

Mass of the water : m[kg]

4.184kJ/kgK m+1.1kJ/K 4.184kJ/kgKm
1600W
(Tf Ti ) 675W
(Tf Ti )

m 1.92 101 kg

65.

Equilibrium temperature : T [ C]
Energy lost from the iron should be same with the energy to increase the temperature
of the water.
(550 C T ) 1.1kg 447J/kg K = (T 20 C) 15kg 4184J/kg K

T = 24.12 C

76.

Heat would flow from the side of the cylinder. Lets consider a hollow cylinder with
length L, radius r, and infinitesimal thickness dr, as described in the figure. Then the
area of the side is given by 2rL.
H = kA dT
dr
= k(2rL) dT
dr

Since r is the only variable in here; the others are constants, the differential equation
can be easily solved by separation of variable.
H 1r dr = 2kLdT
R R2 R T2
R1
H 1r dr = 2kL T1
dT

H ln(R2 /R1 ) = 2kL(T1 T2 )

2kL(T1 T2 )
H = ln(R2 /R1 )

1
80.

Unlike the problem 76, in this problem, the heat flows through the bottom and top
of the truncated cone. Imagine a disk with radius r(R1 < r < R2 ), and infinitesimal
thickness dl. Then the heat flow is given as following.

H = k(r2 ) dT
dl

However, there is a relation between r and l which can be obtained from the proportion
relation.
L
l(r) = R2 R1
r

Then the heat flow can written as,

H = k(r2 ) R2 R
L
1 dT
dr

Similar to problem 76, this can be solved using separation of varialbes.

L
R R2 1 R T2
H R2 R R r 2 dr = k T dT
1 1 1

L
H R2 R 1
( R12 + 1
R1
) = k(T1 T2 )

H = kR1 R2 (T1 T2 )/L