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By plotting the system head curve and pump curve together, it can be determined:
The operating point is at the intersection of the system curve and pump curve. Again, the flow rate can be
reduced by throttling the discharge valve.
Fig. 2 Positive Suction Head
*Hydraulic losses in piping systems are composed of pipe friction losses, valves, elbows and other
fittings, entrance and exit losse (these to the entrance and exit to and from the pipeline normally at the
beginning and end not the pump) and losses from changes in pipe size by enlargement or reduction in
diameter.