8/3/2016

Problem 5
The 1 x 6 inch plate is connected to a 1 x 10 inch plate with
longitudinal fillet welds to support a tensile load. Determine the
design strength of the member if = 50 ksi and = 65 ksi.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 63 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 5 - Solution
Considering the smaller plate

Gross yielding design strength:

= 0.9 x 50 x (1 x 6)

= 270 kips

Net section fracture:

= U Ag

U = 0.75 since 1.5w > l > w (9 > 8 >6)

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 64 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 5 - Solution
= 0.75 x (1 x 6)

= 4.50 in2

= 0.75 x 65 x 4.50

= 219.4 kips

Therefore design strength = 219.4 kips (net section fracture

governs)

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 65 | Design of Steel Structures

Staggered Fasteners
If a tension member connection is
made with bolts, the net area will
be maximized if the fasteners are
placed in a single line.

However due to space limitations,

sometimes it is necessary to
provide more than one line as
shown in Figure.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 66 | Design of Steel Structures

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Staggered Fasteners
Due to space limitation, if more
than one line of bolts is required,
the fasteners are arranged in a
staggered manner as shown in
Figure so that the reduction in
cross-section area is minimum.

Due to offset hole, a fracture along

an inclined path abcd can occur.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 67 | Design of Steel Structures

Staggered Fasteners
Due to fracture along an inclined path

abcd, the relationship = can no

longer be applied, as in the inclined

portion b-c both tensile and shearing
stresses can developed.

Several approaches have been proposed

to account for the effects of the staggered
holes.
Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 68 | Design of Steel Structures

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Staggered Fasteners
According to the AISC specification, the relationship of both
staggered and unstaggered holes is given by:

2
=
4

2
= +
4

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 69 | Design of Steel Structures

Staggered Fasteners
2
= +
4

where

: net width

: gross width

: sum of all hole diameters

s: spacing in the direction of load

g: transverse spacing
Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 70 | Design of Steel Structures

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Staggered Fasteners

Important notes:

When more than one failure pattern is conceivable, all

possibilities should be investigated and one corresponding to
the smallest load capacity should be used.

This method will not accommodate failure patterns with lines

parallel to the applied load.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 71 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 6
Determine the critical net area of inch thick plate. The holes
are punched for inch bolts.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 72 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 6 - Solution
The possible failure planes are ABCD, ABCEF or ABEF:

3 1 1 7
Hole diameter = 4 + 16 + = 8 inch
16

2
= +
4

For ABCD

7
= 11 2 + 0 = 9.25 inch
8

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 73 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 6 - Solution
For ABCEF

7 32
= 11 3 8
+ 4x3
= 9.125 inch

For ABEF

7 32
= 11 2 + = 9.625 inch
8 4x6

As ABCEF = 9.125 inch controls therefore net area is

1
= 9.125 x 2 = 4.56 inch2

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 74 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 7
Determine the net area of the W12 X 16 ( = 4.71 inch2 ). The
holes are for 1 inch bolts.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 75 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 7 - Solution
The possible failure planes are ABDE or ABCDE:

1 1 1
Hole diameter = 1 + 16 + 16
=1 8 inch

2
= +
4

For ABDE

1
= 4.71 2 1 + 0 0.220 = 4.21 inch
8

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 76 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 7 - Solution
For ABCDE

1 22
= 4.71 3 1 + 4 x 3 0.220 = 4.11 inch
8

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 77 | Design of Steel Structures

Block Shear
Consider a connection of single angle tension member as
shown in Figure.

The shaded region would tend to fail along longitudinal

section ab by shear and transverse section bc by tension.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 78 | Design of Steel Structures

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Block Shear
When a block or a segment of a member at a end of the
member can tear out, than this phenomenon is known as
block shear.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 79 | Design of Steel Structures

Block Shear

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 80 | Design of Steel Structures

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Block Shear
AISC specifications states that the block shear rupture design
strength is to be determined as follow:

1. If 0.6 shear yielding and tension fracture

will occur hence;

= 0.6 +

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 81 | Design of Steel Structures

Block Shear
2. If 0.6 tension yielding and shear fracture
will occur hence;

= 0.6 +
where:
= gross area subjected to shear
= gross area subjected to tension
= net area subjected to shear
= net area subjected to tension

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 82 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 8
The A572 Grade 50 tension member is connected with three
inch bolts. Determine the block shearing strength of the member
and its tensile strength.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 83 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 8 - Solution
3 1 1 7
Hole diameter = + + = inch
4 16 16 8

1
=10 = 5.0 inch2
2

1
=2.5 = 1.25 inch2
2

7 1
= 10 2.5 x = 3.91 inch2
8 2

1 7 1
= 2.50 2 x = 1.03 inch2
8 2

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 84 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem 8 - Solution
= 65 x 1.03 =66.9k

0.6 = 0.6 x 65 x 3.91 = 152.5k

Since 0.6 , therefore

= 0.6 +
= 0.75 (0.6)(65)(3.91) + (50)(1.25)

= 161.2k

Therefore block shearing strength is 161.2k.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 85 | Design of Steel Structures

Problem 8 - Solution
Gross yielding design strength:

= 0.9 x 50 x (4.75)

= 213.7 kips

Net section fracture:

= U An

7 1
= 4.75 8 2
= 4.31 inch2

U = 1-
Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 86 | Design of Steel Structures

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Problem
0.978
8 - Solution
U=1- 8.0

U = 0.88in.

= U An

= 0.88 x 4.31

= 4.31 inch2

= 0.75 x 65 x (3.79)

= 184.8 kips

Therefore design strength is 161.2k.

Department of Civil Engineering | Fall 2016 87 | Design of Steel Structures

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