Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Industry in Indonesia
Petrus Panaka
PT Gikoko Kogyo Indonesia
panaka@indo.net.id
&
M. Arif Yudiarto
yudiarto59@yahoo.com
Starch Technology Center (B2TP)
Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT)
Product Gasohol E-10 Gasohol/ FGE (Bioetanol from Gasohol/ FGE (Bioetanol from
(Bioetanol from cassava & molasses) cassava. starch & molasses) lignocellulose.starch and cassave )
Bioethanol
R & DR&D Dehydration Membrane
with adsorben technology for
dehydration Lignocellulose as
Fermentationpr bioethanol feedstock
ocess and fuel
technology
Carbohydrate resources
for bioethanol feedstock
Strain yeast
improvement
Demo plant
BPPT
88KL/day
kL/hari
Pembangunan
The construction of The construction of
Pembangunan
104
104 plant
plants@ 60kL/hari
@60 KL/day 62
62 plants
plant @@60 KL/day
60kL/hari The construction of114
Pembangunan 114plant
plants@@60 KL/day
60kL/hari
2005 2007 2009 2010 2013 2015 2018 2020 2023 202 5
Note :
1). 60 kL/day capacity is the lowest capacity of commercial ethanol plant based on starch feedstock. It needs about
Rp 150 billion per-plant investment.
2). For efficiency reasons. investors should be encouraged to construct 2-3 times of those capacity.
3). The development of commercial plant under 60 kL/day is possible with local avaiable feedstock (especially starch.
sap. lontar. nipah. sugarcane and sweet sorgum) for rural areas where price of fuel oil is high.
Source : Kompas. April 19. 2006. Product : technical grade ethanol and raw spirit (ethanol: 95-97 % v/v)
Indonesia Ethanol Export Country Destination
(2004)
Destination Capacity (ton) Value (US$)
Source : From Kompas & Sinar Harapan. July 2006 March 2007.
Example of Countries with Bioethanol Application
Country Description
The largest producer of ethanol from sugar cane in the world with annual
Brazil production of 18 billion liter from 320 ethanol plants. Currently, from all types of
fuel sold at the market, 22 26% is ethanol. Production cost is US 14 16 per
liter.
The second largest producer after Brazil. The annual production is more than 10
USA billion liter, however, this is only 2% of the total usage of fuel. The new
legislation will increase the use of bioethanol.
Third biggest producer. The processing method came from Brazil and now is
China constructing new ethanol plants to increase their production.
To increase the use of biofuel, the government has issued tax exemption policy.
Germany
To treat used cooking oil collected from McDonalds to drive public buses at
Austria Graz.
. The test on ethanol mixed with petrol in public buses at Stockholm showed
Sweden that big vehicles which have high fuel consumption can also use with the lower
cost fuel such as bioethanol.
They have biodiesel plants from various grains which can be harvested in short
Ghana time. From this they can saved imported fuel up to 240 million US$.
Cassava
Cooking and
Pretreatment Fermentation
Saccharification
Ethanol
95% v/v
4. Saccharifying tank
6. Distillation column 5. Fermentor
Average 5.35
Source : B2TP-BPPT
Engine Performance & Emission Testing using
Chassis Dynamometer
Light Duty Gasoline
Short Modal Ambient & Sample
Typical System Schematic Gas Collection Bags
Dyno Dilute
Control Turbine
Sample Exhauster Unit
Tailpipe Sample
Raw Bench
1. CO 6.97% 5.61%
4. O2 0.74% 0.69%
Source :
5. Lamda 0.827 0.862 Otomotif 18th Ed.,
Sept 5, 2005
Toyota Kijang Car Performance Test Using Gasohol