AMIE

SECTION B EXAMINATION
(Scheme Code 4)

(EL407)
DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS

STUDY MATERIALS
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 AMIE SECTION-B

Q.1 (a) Explain what you understand by continuous rating, short time rating and short time
intermittent rating of an electrical machine.
An induction motor has a final steady temperature rise of 35C when running at its rated
output. Calculate its hour rating for the same temperature rise if the copper losses at rated
output are 1.35 times its constant tosses. The heating time constant is 1 hours.
(10)
(AMIE SECTION-B)

Solution: The rating of a machine is the output or the designated operating limit based upon certain
definite conditions assented to it by the manufacturer. An electrical machine is usually rated upon the
thermal basis of temperature rise. Three types of ratings are defined for electrical machines,
depending upon the load and its duration.

(i) Continuous Rating. A machine is rated fir continuous duty if its operating period is so
large that all parts of machine attain partially a steady temperature rise. Heating
cooling curve based on continuous rating is shown in Fig. 1.

(ii) Short Time Rating, It is defined as the output of machine at which it may e operated
for a certain specified period without exceeding the specified limits of temperature
rise of any part. The shape of heating coiling curve for short time rating will be
similar to as shown in F: - except that maximum temperature rise will be occurring in
short time.

(iii) Intermittent Rating. This rating applies to an operating conditions during which short
time load period alternate with periods of rest or no load. Heating cooling curve is
shown in Fig. 2

Figure 1
2
 AMIE SECTION-B

Figure 2

Problem: Let P be the rated output and x p be the half hour rating. Also let Pc be the copper loss at
full load and Pi be the other constant losses.

Total losses at full load = Pc + Pi

And total losses with short time rating = x2 Pc + Pi

Specific heat dissipation and surface remaining the same the temperature rise is proportional to
the losses. Suppose Qsh is the final steady temperature rise with short time rating.

Q m x 2 Pc + Pi 1.35 x 2+ 1 1.35 x 2+1

= = =
Qm Pc + Pi P c + Pi 2.35

The temperature rise after hour of operation at shot time rating should not exceed Qm = 35oC

Qsh =Qm ( 1et / )

n n

Or 35 = Qm ( 1et / )
n n

Qm= 123.5oC

2
1.35 x + 1 123.5
we have =
2.35 35

x2 = 5.40 or x = 2.324

hour rating of machine is 2.324 times its continuous rating.