Product Bulletin

VV 1.1.

VeoVa Monomers
Characteristics and
Reactivity Parameters
VeoVa Monomer Characteristics
VeoVa Monomer 9 and VeoVa Monomer Structure and Properties:
10 represent a family of vinyl ester mono- CH 3
O
mers with a unique highly branched
carbon-rich structure. Their principal use C C R1
is as modifying comonomers in vinyl and Vinyl Ester: CH 2 CH O R2
acrylic polymerisation. Typical properties Similar reactivity to vinyl acetate
and specifications are listed in their pro- producing random copolymers
duct data sheets. Easily copolymerisable with ethylene,
Vinyl Ester of Versatic 9 /10
VeoVa 9 and 10 are monomers with many acrylates and methacrylates
similarities. Their main characteristics are Structure of VeoVa monomers where R1 and R2 are
as follows: (branched) alkyl groups containing together 6 or 7
carbon atoms for VeoVa 9 and 10 respectively.
A branched tertiary structure with bulky
and hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups Versatic Acid 9 /10:
This provides the monomers with a Hydrophobic
very low surface tension and a hydro- UV Resistant
phobic nature. As a consequence, the
monomers possess a strong resistance Hydrolytically stable
to saponification. Furthermore, VeoVa Non-Hazardous
monomers do not degrade under the
influence of UV light.
Reactivity: VeoVa monomers polymerise
with various other comonomers through
reaction of their vinyl ester functional
group. In this way the specific properties
of the VeoVa monomers can be
imparted to their copolymers.

H2O
Protection of vinyl acetate against OH
H2O
H2O OH
hydrolysis by adjacent VeoVa groups H2O
H2O
OH
OH

O O O O O O O O O O O O

Polymer chain

Protected VeoVa
vinyl acetate

The various VeoVa monomers mainly Tg of homopolymers of VeoVa

differ in the degree of branching and the
length of the hydrocarbon groups. This Monomer Tg [ C ]
leads to differences in the glass transition VeoVa 9 + 70
temperature of their homopolymers, and
VeoVa 10 -3
consequently to a different behaviour as
modifying comonomers. Whereas VeoVa 9
provides rigidity to the copolymer, VeoVa
10 is known as a flexibilising comonomer.
Reactivity of VeoVa monomers
Reactivity ratios of vinyl ester monomers with other monomer types
VeoVa monomers can be used with a Monomer 1 Monomer 2 Temp. [ C ] r1 r2 Source
variety of other monomer types to pro-
Styrene VeoVa 10 140 25 0.04 2
duce copolymers. The ease of polymeri-
VeoVa 10 170 23 0.06 2
sation depends on the reactivity ratios of
the monomers used. VeoVa monomers 2-Ethylhexylmethacrylate VeoVa 10 140 10.5 0.08 2
VeoVa 10 170 3.6 0.06 2
copolymerise very easily with other vinyl
esters, ethylene and most acrylic mono- Methyl Methacrylate Vinyl Acetate 60 20 0.015 1
mers. Ethyl Acrylate VeoVa 9 60 6 0.10 2
Butyl Acrylate Vinyl Acetate - 5.89 0.05 1
Vinyl Acetate VeoVa 10 60 0.99 0.92 1
VeoVa 9 60 0.93 0.90 1
Ethylene 130 1.02 0.97 1
1
Young, Polymer handbook, Chapter II, J. Brandrub, E.H. Immergut and W. McDowell, Eds., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1975
2
Laboratory measurements

Reactivity of VeoVa monomers Vinyl acetate and VeoVa 10 instantaneous monomer conversion determind by
Gas Chromatography during a semi-continuous emulsion polymerisation process
with vinyl acetate
VeoVa monomers are commonly used as 100
comonomers for vinyl acetate in emulsion
polymerisation, because they exhibit a
Instantaneous conversion [ % ]

similar reactivity. During emulsion or 80

solution polymerisation, VeoVa and vinyl
acetate are converted at the same rate.
They can be copolymerised in any desi- 60
Post cooling allows reducing
red ratio producing polymers with a ran- Start End the residual monomer content
monomer addition monomer addition down to < 100 ppm levels
dom microstructure. This allows the key
performance characteristics of VeoVa 40
monomers to be fully exploited. Commonly
used emulsion polymerisation tempera-
tures are in the range of 76 80 C, with 20
potassium persulphate as initiator.

0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Time [ min ]

VeoVa 10 Vinyl acetate

Reactivity of VeoVa monomers Reactivity of VeoVa monomers Handling precautions

with (meth)acrylates
VeoVa monomers can be polymerised
with acrylate and methacrylate mono-
mers in emulsion, in solution or in bulk.
Optimum results are generally obtained
by using a semi-continuous process.
This results in a better control of the
reactor temperature and in polymers
with a more random microstructure.
For emulsion polymerisation, a slightly
higher reaction temperature of 85 C is
recommended to achieve a more random
polymer structure. For solution or bulk
polymerisation the best results are
obtained at 140 C and above.
with styrene
For more detailed information on all
VeoVa monomers do not polymerise aspects relating to Health, Safety and
with styrene in emulsions. Higher tempe- Handling, reference should be made to
ratures are required to achieve good the Safety Data Sheets of VeoVa mono-
control over the reaction, and acrylate mers, which are available from your local
monomers should be present to bridge Hexion representative or distributor. The
the reactivity differences. Suitable recipes precautions advised therein should be
for solution and mass polymerisation at strictly observed. For such details related
temperature around 160 C are described to other products listed in this bulletin,
in separate bulletins. please contact the suppliers of those
products.
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