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Application of Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge

Blanket (UASB) Pilot Plant to Reduce the
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD...

Poster October 2016

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29184.23043

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Briantono Djakaria Tjandra Setiadi

Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Institute of Technology
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 Application of Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
(UASB) Pilot Plant to Reduce the Chemical Oxygen
Demand (COD) and Color of Real Textile Wastewater

Briantono Djakaria and Tjandra Setiadi*

Bandung Institute of Technology
*tjandra@che.itb.ac.id

Introduction Results
- Citarum river, the longest river in West Java, Indonesia (297km) acts as raw water source for drinking
service for 3,307,396 people in Bandung district alone, irrigation network system for rice fields (361,380
Before After Before After
Ha), and as an essential element in three Hydropower plants.
- According to Greenpeace International, hundreds of textile facilities residing along Citarum river
discharge poorly-treated wastewater, making it known as the most polluted river in the world.
- The dying and finishing process in textile facilities generated pollutants such as dyes, surfactants,
chlorinated compounds, and salts.
- Dyes are exceptionally difficult to treat, especially azo and vat dyes in denim manufacturing facilities1.
Due to their poor exhaustion properties, 20 - 30% of the dyes are not fixed and will be be washed off to A B
the effluent of the process.
- The toxicity of azo dyes becomes a problem in treating textile wastewater aerobically. However, Figure 4 Color of wastewater before and after pilot scale UASB: sample A (left)
anaerobic bacteria are able to cleave the azo linkages. Anaerobic treatment are known to remove the and sample B (right)
color of the dyes in textile wastewater.

After After
Before UASB Aeration

C
Figure 5 Color of wastewater before (left), after pilot scale UASB (middle), and
after aeration (right)
Figure 1 Upstream2 (left) and downstream3 (right) portion of Citarum River. The downstream
portion of Citarum river is contaminated with poorly-treated textile wastewater.
Color Reduction of Denim Manufacturing Wastewater
Before and After Anaerobic Treatment
8000

7000

6000
Color (PtCo)

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
A B C
Input Anaerobic Reactor Output Anaerobic Reactor Output Aeration

Figure 2 Chemical structures of Indigo and Reactive Blue H3R. These are the two common Figure 6 Color analysis before, after pilot scale UASB, and after aeration of
dyes used in denim manufacturing facilities4 sample A, B, and C

Objectives
- To investigate the effectivity of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) when coupled with aerobic
Discussion and Conclusions
treatment in reducing the Chemical Oxygen Demand and Color of the real wastewater in a denim - Color of the denim-manufacturing wastewater decreased after treatment through
manufacturing facility UASB reactor.
- When UASB is coupled with a conventional activated sludge process, the whole
system was able to reduce color for up to 93%
- For future studies, the COD, Color, MLSS and MLVSS of effluent will be further
examined. Different returned sludge ratio are applied to UASB so that the optimum
Materials and Methods color removal may be achieved.

Materials: Awards
- Anaerobic sludge from existing anaerobic treatment plant in a textile factory
- Real wastewater from a denim manufacturing facilities
- Start-up nutrients for acclimatization stage
- Pilot scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor

Methods:
- Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis
- Spectroscopy Color Analysis
- Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) and Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solid (MLVSS) Analysis Best Poster Presentation Award at 5th UEHAS
Symposium, University of Tokyo, Japan.

References
[1] Manu, B., and Sanjeev Chaudhari. "Decolorization of Indigo and Azo Dyes in Semicontinuous Reactors with Long
Effluent
Hydraulic Retention Time."Decolorization of Indigo and Azo Dyes in Semicontinuous Reactors with Long Hydraulic Retention
Time. Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2016.
Influent [2] Iman,Deden.Citarum River.Digital image.Citarum.org, 15 Sept. 2016. Web. http://citarum.org/images/slideshow/slide-1.png
UASB [3] Glennie, Allasdair, and Laura Cox. "The River You Cant See for RUBBISH: Former Indonesian Paradise Is Now Clogged
Reactor with Household Waste and Toxic Chemicals Dumped by Textile Factories." Mail Online. DailyMail.co.uk, 10 Apr. 2014. Web. 15
Sept. 2016.
Equalization Intermediate
Tank
[4] en, S., and G.n Demirer. "Anaerobic Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater with a Fluidized Bed Reactor." Water
Tank
Research 37.8 (2003): 1868-878. Web.

Acknowledgement
- The author would like to thank the members of the Research and Development lab at PT Padi Hijau Buana for
Figure 3 Pilot Scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor Setup their efforts in planning, building, and operating the UASB pilot plant
- For additional information regarding wastewater treatment technology, see www.phb.co.id
(left) and actual pilot plant setup (right)

The 5th Interdisciplinary Consortium on Urban Environment and Health in Asia International Symposium , Japan October 5, 2016
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