Mechatronics Engineering Department

Faculty of Engineering
National University of Sciences and Technology

ME 206
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
LECTURE 2

Mr. Anas Bin Aqeel

Department of Mechatronics Engineering
National University of Sciences and Technology
Pakistan
National University of Sciences and Technology

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Line Distribution - When a force is distributed along a line, as

in the continuous vertical load supported by a suspended cable.
Area Distribution water force on dam (Force per unit area).
Volume Distribution body force (gravitational force).

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Center of Mass
Center of gravity

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BEAMS EXTERNAL LOADS National University of Sciences and Technology

Beams are structural members which offer resistance to bending due

to applied loads.
To analyze load-carrying capacities of a beam we must first establish
the equilibrium requirements of the beam as a whole.
Second, to establish relations between the resulting forces and the
accompanying internal resistance of the beam.

Types of beams
Statically determinate external support calculation.
Statically indeterminate more supports than required.

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BEAMS EXTERNAL LOADS National University of Sciences and Technology

Types of beams
Concentrated load.
Distributed load.
The intensity w of a distributed load may be expressed as force per
unit length of beam.
Intensity may be constant or variable, continuous or discontinuous.
In figure below it is constant from C to D and variable from A to C and
from D to B.

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BEAMS EXTERNAL LOADS National University of Sciences and Technology

Types of beams
Loading intensities which are constant or which vary linearly are
easily handled.
Three common cases and resultants of distributed loads.
In cases a and b of Fig. the resultant load R is represented by the area
formed by the intensity w (force per unit length of beam) and the length
L over which the force is distributed.
The resultant passes through the centroid of this area.

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In case c, the trapezoidal area is broken into a rectangular and a

triangular area, and the corresponding resultants R1 and R2 of these
subareas are determined separately.
For a more general load distribution, Fig, we must start with a
differential increment of force dR = wdx. The total load R is then the sum
of the differential forces, or

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EXAMPLE 1 National University of Sciences and Technology
EXAMPLE 1 National University of Sciences and Technology
EXAMPLE 2 National University of Sciences and Technology
EXAMPLE 2 National University of Sciences and Technology