Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CURRICULUM PLANNING
By
ROBERT L. KLINE
II
Bachelor of Science
Stillwater, Oklahoma
1976
CURRICULUM PLANNING
Thesis
ii
1311728
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ln the study.
Edwards, Dr. Jim Rogers, and Dr. Mac McCrory, for their
Dr. Steve Edwards, Dr. Frank Kulling, and Dr. Mac McCrory,
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statement of Problem...................... 3
Extent of the s t u d y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Del i m i t a t i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
Assumptions............................ 4
Hypotheses................................ 4
Significance of S t u d y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
I I I. METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Instrumentation........................... 50
Preliminary Procedures.................... 51
Operational Procedures.................... 51
Research Design and Statistical Analysis .. 52
iv
Chapter Page
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Discussion................................ 54
Summary................................... 63
Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................... 67
APPENDICES......................................... 74
v
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
Vl
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
age 30 for men and age 40 for women, it is the single largest
cause of death ~n the United States (McArdle, Katch, and
for their own health. The programs then aid the individual
2
implementing and maintaining positive lifestyle choices
Statement of Problem
Delimitations
permanent program.
3
Limitations
limitations:
student population.
Assumptions
questionnaire.
the survey.
Hypotheses
of significance:
4
Significance fo the Study
offered.
5
CHAPTER II
Introduction
6
it, and too little of themselves."
Wellness Dimensions
of wellness:
consumption.
family relationships.
7
Occupational Development. This component focuses upon
8
Oklahoma State University Student
sibility.
lifestyle change.
9
Wellness Topic Areas
Weight Control
(Pollock, 1984).
10
mechanical work, and due to left venticular dysfunction;
body weight are to: (I) reduce caloric intake below daily
I I
loss to be less effective.
40 to 60 minutes.
Smoking Cessation
I2
related to the deaths of more than 500,000 Americans in
13
Health Letter, 1987).
1984).
Stress Management
14
or damage the body (Bartley and Belgrave, 1987). The non-
15
adapted and begins to regain homeostasis. If, however,
meditation.
I6
Time Management
etc. The ABC system utilizes a daily "to do" list with
I7
Ellis ( 1984) suggests the following techniques for
(2) plan two hours of study time for each hour spent
in class
every hour
a level that allows the body to meet its oxygen needs contin-
I8
running, jumping rope, bicycling, swimming, aerobic dance,
fitness.
1986).
19
cardiovascular exercise session should include a warm-up
point, aids the heart in pumping blood from the lower extrem-
Weight Training
20
their muscular system as part of a general conditioning
2I
Strength training places considerable stress on specific
and poor joint flexibility in the back and legs are prime
22
including heart disease, stroke, and cancer (Winick, 1980).
metabolism; and (4) as the fuel source for the central nervous
all of the body's cells and are necessary for cellular repair.
al., 1986).
23
The complex carbohydrates (starches) found 1n the natural
Shirreffs, 1984).
66% coming from animal fat (McArdle, Katch, and Katch, 1986).
Council, 1983).
et al., 1980).
24
Plant fiber present in fruits, vegetables, and grains
foods.
value, they are very high in fat, salt, sugar, and total
25
without becoming part of the products of the reactions they
1980).
arrest.
26
seldom life threatening although it is serious enough to
merit attention.
Self Concept
student may be away from home for the first time and may
27
are often insufficient for college demands and ideas and
and proper nutrition, and (7) not being afraid to seek help
28
health professionals (Donatelle, et al., 1988).
1 9 84) .
198 7). Once the student has learned the time demands presented
29
desired information.
30
(I) Study difficult or boring subjects first, while
scholarship opportunities.
3I
Our thoughts, feelings, and impressions regarding human
to any relationship.
32
individual sexual development and adjustments and
to sexuality.
making decisions.
33
sexually transmitted and now represent the major cause of
34
frequently produces no symptoms (particularly ~n females)
does not occur, the birth process may expose the infant
at this time.
35
198 7). It can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and is
36
Four distinct groups have been identified as being
the end of 1991, total AIDS cases in the U.S. will exceed
disease.
that risk.
37
threat that substance abuse presently poses for American
1987). The U.S. has the highest rate of teenage drug use
198 7).
Bolek, 1986).
38
peer pressure to use drugs. Strategies typically employed
I 986).
family unit are the key to preventing drug use and abuse
that those who initiate use very early (under age IS) or
late (after age 24) are those who tend to develop the most
39
areas such as health, family, or job LS repeatedly impaired
40
eliminate the preoccupation with obtaining more illicit
4 I
College of Emergency Physicians implicates cocaine ~n occur-
rences of sudden death and suicide and has termed the drug
42
home (American Red Cross, 1986).
1986).
to the public since the 1960's and has saved many lives,
43
However, the U.S. public health service estimates that 40
Its frequency has doubled over the last 20 years and about
situations.
44
largest cause qf death in the Western world and kills twice
45
therapy can be effective 1n treating blood lipid abnormal-
i t ies ( Mc A r d 1 e , Ka t c h , and K a t c h , I 9 8 6 ) _.
46
controlled by diet modification, weight control and exerc~se
I 9 7 9) .
47
nervous system; and beta blockers, which reduce peripheral
victims.
Summary
being.
48
facilitation phases. Individual and/or group counseling
49
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
curriculum.
Instrumentation
original.
50
allowing mention of additional areas of interest for education
appendix A).
Preliminary Procedures
halls, the Student Union, the Colvin Center and the Daily
by each participant.
Operational Procedure
5I
Research Design and Statistical Analysis
survey. The data were analyzed at OSU using the IBM 3081-D
52
CHAPTER IV
Results
shown in Table I.
53
in selection of wellness components for further education
Discussion
particular activities.
54
in the respective wellness components.
55
appears to have the most relevance ln contributing to effective
56
TABLE Ia
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF
TOTAL SAMPLE BY AGE
I8 6 7.7
I9 7 9. 0
20 I0 I2 . 8
2I 3 3.8
22 5 6.4
23 I0 12.8
24 6 7. 7
25 4 5. I
26 I 1.3
27 3 3.8
28 I I 3
29 3 3.8
3 I 3 3.8
32 2 2.6
33 2 2. 6
34 I I 3
35 I.3
36 I I 3
37 2 2. 6
38 2 2.6
39 I I.3
4 I 2 2.6
44 I I 3
53 I I.3
TOTAL 78 I 0 0. 0
57
TABLE Ib
Freshman 12 15.4
Sophomore 16 20.5
Junior 14 I 7. 9
Senior I5 I9 2
Graduate 2I 26 9
TOTAL 78 100.0
58
TABLE Ic
BREAKDOWN OF TOTAL
SAMPLE BY GENDER
Female 40 5 I 3
Male 38 48.7
TOTAL 78 100.0
59
TABLE II
60
TABLE III
a
Weight Control' 1.8 0.88 2.4 0.92 -3.04
Aerobic
Exercise
a
Programs 1.6 0.7I 2.2 0.92 -3.04
Substance
Abuse
b
Intervention 3.4 0.80 2. 9 0.97 2. I3
a
p <. 0 I
b
p <.05
6I
TABLE IV
Variable: Self-Concept
Group Mean Standard Deviation
X 2.56 70
2 X 2. 12 85
3 X 2.0 94
Analysis of Variance
Sum of Mean
Source D.F. Squares Squares F Ratio
Within Groups 75 70
Total 77 56.8 7
@p <.05
62
CHAPTER V
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
further education.
Findings
63
programming. Areas of greatest interest were diet and
stress management.
abuse intervention.
the_younger group.
Conclusions
64
preference frequency distribution is the only data generated
Recommendations
wellness education.
65
might be appropriate for selected classes covering topics
66
BIBLIOGRAPHY
67
Cancer: Report of the Surgeon General. (1982). Washington,
D.C.: Government Printing Office.
Cooper , K . H . , Po 11 o c k, M. L . , Mart in , R . P . , Wh it e , S . R . ,
Linnervd, A.C. & Jackson, A. (1976). Physical fitness
levels vs. selected coronary risk factors. Journal of
the American Medical Association. 236: 166-69.
De V r i e s , H . A . ( I 9 8 0 ) . _P_h~y'--s_i_o_l_o__,..g_._y_o_f_e_x_e_r_c_i_s_e_f_o_r__.p_h_y,__s_i_c_a_l
education and athletics. 3rd ed. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C.
Brown Company Publishers.
68
Goldsmith, M. (1986). Sexually transmitted diseases may
reverse the revolution. Journal of the American Medical
Association, April 4, 255(13): 1667.
69
Jones, T. (1984). Alcohol and drug dependency. In M.P.
O'Donnell and T.H. Ainsworth (Eds.), Health Promotion
in the Workplace. New York: Wiley and Sons: 481-508.
70
------- - - - - - -
7I
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
72
Tobian, L. (1979). Dietary salt (sodium) and hypertension.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, December, (32):
2659-2662.
73
APPENDIX A
75
OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY
Please circle the response whi c:h best indicates your degree of interest in participation
in classes and seminars addressing the follo~ing components of wellness. Please
.
select a response for each topic area:
..."
'I>
~ ......
..."
:;, C;
-~ :;,
" C;
~f' ~
... ...... 1.1
:;,
Jf~
... ...~~
~ Jfc.
~.rr ~;:- " ...... "
......
" 1.,
... ..
~~
-;.Q.
,':;,
Jf
Rt:
oC);;
~ ....
.Q..Q.ro
ll...
~
-~ '<...
J~
:f ~
1.
2.
Wei&ht Control
Smoking Cessation
2
2
3
3
.
3. Stress Management 1 2 3 .
... Tiae Manageaent 2 3 .
s. Aerobic Exercise Programs 2 3
..
6. Weight Trainin& 2 3
7. Diet and Nutrition 2 3
8.
9.
Self -Concept
Study Skill laproveaent
1 2
2
3
3
..
10. Huaan Sexuality Education 2 3
11. Sexually Transmitted Disease Education 1 2 3
12.
13.
Substance Abuse Education
Substance Abuse Intervention
2
2
3
3
..
..
1... Personal Safety Awareness 1 2 3
15. Heart Attack Risk Reduction 1 2 3
Other educational areas which you feel should be included in the wellness proaram:
Age:
76
January 18, 1988
CO\'ER LETIEF.
Thank you very ~ch for your cooperation and assistance with this research.
Yours Sincerely,
Bob Kline
Research Assistant
OSU/Departaent of HPEL
77
CO~SE~7 FORM
J~DJVJDUAl '5 CO~SENJ FOR PARTJCIPATJO~
I~ A RLSEARCH PROJECT
Date Subject
Date Witness
Date Investigator
78
VITA
Master of Science
Biographical: