TUTORIAL CLB 20903

ENGINEERING STATISTICS
REFERENCE: ELEMENTARY STATISTICS FOR TECHNOLOGIST
ABBAS F. M. ALKARKHI&LOW HENG CHIN

Chapter 4

1. Suppose that we check for clarity in 45 locations in a lake. The average depth of clarity of

the lake is 12 feet. Suppose that we know that the standard deviation for the entire lake's

depth is 2.5 feet. What can we conclude about the average clarity of the lake with a 95%

confidence level?

2. A hot sauce company rates its sauce on a scale of spiciness from 1 to 20. A sample of 75

bottles of hot sauce is taste-tested. The mean and standard deviation of the sample are 13

and 2.5, respectively. Find a 95% confidence interval for the spiciness of the hot sauce

produced by this company.

3. A bakery owner wants to estimate the average number of cakes sold daily. A sample of 36

days is considered, the mean of the sample is 1770 cakes and the standard deviation of the

population is 95. Find the 99% confidence interval for the true mean number of cakes sold

daily.

4. An engineer is interested in the mean diameter of a product. A sample of 45 items was

tested for the diameter. The mean is 13 millimeter (mm) and the standard deviation is 0.35.

Find the 95% confidence interval for the true mean of the diameter.

5. A student measuring the boiling temperature of a certain liquid obtained the average

reading (in degrees Celsius) on 7 different samples of the liquid to be 101. If the student
 knows that the standard deviation for this procedure is 1.1 degrees, what is the confidence

interval for the population mean at a 99% confidence level?

6. A sample of 10 days was selected to measure the wind speed. The mean wind speed is 4.2

per hour and the standard deviation is 0.6 per hour. Find the 95% confidence interval of

the wind speed mean. Assume that the population is approximately normally distributed.

7. The number of grams of carbohydrates in a 10-ounce serving of a regular soft drink is given

below for a random sample of orange juice. Find the 95% confidence interval for the mean

of carbohydrate in all brands of orange juice.

35 45 40 48 37 46 41 39 32

51 45 44 52 33 34 43 46 47

8. An environmentalist wants to estimate the average concentration of zinc (Zn) in Juru River.

A sample of 8 days was tested for Zn. The average of Zn is 0.092 mg/L and the standard

deviation is 0.014 mg/L. Find the 95% confidence interval for the true mean of Zn in Juru

River.

9. Identify the critical and noncritical regions for each of the alternative hypotheses. Use a

significance level 0.05 . Assume that the distribution is normal.

1- H1 : 5 2- H1 : 5 3- H1 : 5

10. A manager of a confectionery company claims that the average number of cake sold daily

is more than 1750. A random sample of 36 days was selected to test the managers claim.

The sample data showed that the average is 1765 cakes. The standard deviation of the

population is 100 cakes. Is there enough evidence to support the claim? Use 0.05 .

Assume that the population is normally distributed.

 11. A quality control engineer in a company which produces bolts claims that an automatic

machine produces bolts with a mean diameter of 14 millimeters (mm). Bolts that vary too

much in either direction from the mean diameter arent suitable for their use. The standard

deviation from past experiment is 0.37 mm. A sample of 36 bolts were tested, the mean

was 13.8766. Is there enough evidence to support the claim? Use 0.01 . Assume that

the population is normally distributed.

12. The label on the dried fruits packs a weight of 275 grams (gm). A sample of size 10 packs

was selected and checked. The mean and standard deviation were 277.25 grams and 2.725

grams respectively. Does it appear that the mean weight is 275. Assume that the

distribution is normally distributed. Use 0.05 .

13. An environmentalist claimed that the average concentration of zinc (Zn) in the Juru River

is less than 0.15 mg/l. A sample of 8 sampling points was selected and showed that the

average is 0.092 and the standard deviation is 0.014. Use 0.10 to test the

environmentalists claim, assuming the population is normally distributed.

14. An engineer wishes to evaluate a new technique for an extraction machine. A sample of 7

workers is randomly selected, and the number of samples tested by each employee within

1 week using the new method is recorded, and the number of samples tested by the same

people using the existing method is recorded.

1. Can it be concluded at 0.05 that the mean number of samples has changed?

2. Find the 95% confidence interval for the mean difference between the two methods..

Worker 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

New method 95 85 97 81 84 79 78
Existing method 89 87 85 77 84 81 76

15. A new noodles was introduced to the Malaysian market last year. After a poor year sale

the company started an advertising campaign. The sales before advertising and after

advertising were recorded in thousands of Ringgits for a one-month period after the

advertising campaign for 8 markets. The data for the sales are given in the following table:

Market 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Before 3.5 3.3 2.8 2.7 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.4

After 4.1 4.5 4.3 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.4 3.9

1. Can it be concluded at 0.05 that the sales have increased after the advertising

campaign? Assume that the variable is normally distributed.

2. Find the 95% confidence interval for the difference in sales.

16. An environmentalist wishes to study the differences of alkalinity in milligram per liter of

water in upper and lower reaches of rivers in a particular region. The average alkalinity in

upper reaches was 88.42 mg/l and in lower reaches was 80.61 mg/l. Assume that the data

obtained from 50 readings each and the standard deviations were 5.62 mg/l and 4.83 mg/l

for upper and lower reaches respectively.

1. Can it be concluded that there is a significant difference in alkalinity between upper

and lower reaches at 0.05 ? Assume that the populations are normally distributed.

2. Find the 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means (differences of

alkalinity).
 17. The manager of a Mango bottling plant is interested in comparing the performance of two

production lines. For each line the manager selects 10 one-hour periods at random and

records the number of crates completed in each hour. It is known from past experience that

the variances of these two lines are 10 and 8.5 for line 1 and line 2, respectively. Assume

that the two populations are normally distributed. The results are given in the table below.

1. At 0.10 , is there enough evidence that the number of crates of line 1 is greater than that

of line 2?

2. Find the 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means (differences between

the two production lines).

Production line Number of crates completed per hour

Line 1 85 87 79 84 81 78 80 82 83 85

Line 2 76 77 76 73 84 83 76 78 81 76

17. A researcher wishes to investigate whether the smell of fresh cooking encourages people

to purchase food. He selects 10 days and records the daily sales when all the shops

windows are open, and another 10 days when all the windows are closed for a small

restaurant. The average and standard deviation for the number of orders during open

windows days are 215 and 9, respectively, and for the closed windows days are 195 and 7,

respectively.

1. Can he conclude that the smell encourages people to purchase more food than closed days

at 0.01 ? Assume that the populations are normally distributed with equal variances.

2. Find the 99% confidence interval for the difference between the means(Between the two

periods).
19. A study was conducted on the dust content in the flue gases of two types of solid- fue l

boilers. Ten boilers of type A and eight boilers of type B were used under identical fueling and

extraction conditions. Over a similar period, the quantities of dust in grams were deposited in

similar traps inserted in each of the twenty-two flues. The average dust quantity for type A was

65.83 with standard deviation of 10.95 and the average for type B was 53.95 with standard

deviation of 8.57. Assume that the populations are normally distributed with unequal variances.

1. Can it be concluded at 0.05 that the average dust content in the flue gases of the two

types of solid-boilers is different?

2. Find the 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means (between the means

of two types of boilers).