Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
Why do we need Safety Rules?
2
Why do we need Safety Rules?
3
What can go wrong
Typical system fault levels
(i.e. the power that is released when a short circuit occurs)..
LV Systems 25MVA
11kV Systems 250MVA
33kV Systems 1400MVA
4
Incidents
London, 1987
Engineer touches live HV test bushing
Forgot to remove test lead after SFT
issued to himself
Accompanied by trainee
Flash burns to hands and face
Engineer working under pressure
on complex network
5
Incidents
Khasab, 2015
Technician attempts to
repair faulty LT MCCB
without proper isolation
No PPE or approved
insulated tools
6
Incidents
Failure to identify HV cable Al Amerat, April 2014
Cable cut without being correctly identified or proved dead
Cuts into live 11kV cable
Contract jointer fatality
7
Incidents
Abu Dhabi, 2003
Technician climbs 11kV pole
to change Drop-Out fuse
Line switch has been by-passed
Touches live fuse
Died after falling from line
8
Incidents
Abu Dhabi, 2004
Engineer intends to open
open Feeder shutter for
testing
Opens adjacent live
busbar
shutter in error (not
locked)
Engineer is killed
9
Incidents
Abu Dhabi, 2003
Technician attempts to repair
live feeder pillar cable connection
Un-insulated spanner slips
and he is electrocuted (fatal)
10
Incidents
Abu Dhabi, 2006
Technician opens rear test plug
on live 33kV switchgear
PTW issued but no
demarcation at back of switchgear
Arc flash burns
11
Incidents
Musandam, 2017
Sub-contractor opens LT Feeder pillar
without PTW and attempts to connect
new service cable
Using uninsulated spanner and without
insulated gloves, makes contact with live
busbar
Technician receives fatal electrocution
12
Incidents
Riyadh, 2012
Lucy oil RMU (same spec as
used in Oman) explosion
during fault switching
Technician and trainee killed
13
Incidents
Al Kahal, 2017
O&M contractor attempts to
remove 11kV switchgear from
old power station
Technician cuts through live
11kV cable, receives minor
flash burns
14
RAECO Safety Rules
Revision 4.0 (2017)
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15
Safety Rules Contents
PAGE
2 DEFINITIONS ....................................................................................................13
16
1. General Provisions
17
1. General Provisions
18
1. Questions
1) Every individual carries the primary responsibility of safety for:
a) The Senior Authorised Person
b) Himself
c) His staff
19
2. Definitions
2.1.2 Approved
2.17 Dead
Disconnected from any live system and where the absence of voltage
has been proved by an approved testing device
20
2. Definitions
2.1.8 Earthed
Connected to the general mass of earth in such a manner as will ensure at all
times an immediate discharge of electrical energy without danger
21
2. Questions
1) What is the definition of High Voltage: *
a) A voltage above 1,000 Volts a.c. (phase to phase)
b) A voltage above 600 Volts a.c. (phase to neutral)
c) 11kV or above
2) What is the definition of an Additional Earth:
a) A portable Earth applied at the point of work
b) An Earth that is applied after issue of a Safety Document
c) An Earth that is applied before issue of a Safety Document
22
2. Questions
4) A Competent person has sufficient knowledge to: *
a) Receive a Sanction for Test
b) Supervise a work team
c) Receive instructions and avoid danger
5) An Authorised person can : *
a) Issue a Permit to Work
b) Issue a Limited Access Permit
c) Can carry out switching on specified HV networks
23
3. Safe Systems of Work
7 steps to safe work management
2
7 Safe System 4
Appointed Persons
of Work Safety Documents
24
3. Safe Systems of Work
25
3. Safe Systems of Work
26
3. Safe Systems of Work
3.2.6 Work Supervision
The Safety Document holder must remain on site during the course of the
work.
27
3. Questions
1) The 7 key principles of a Safe System of Work include: *
a) Control Procedures and Operations records
b) Recording outage duration
c) Work Planning and Work Supervision
28
4. Work on High Voltage equipment
29
4.1 Basic HV procedure
solated
arthed
30
4.1 Basic HV procedure
31
4.1 Basic HV procedure
32
4.1 Basic HV procedure
33
Demarcation
Work Area
under PTW
Adjacent live
circuit
Attach Danger
notices
34
4.1 Questions
1) Explain briefly the Basic Procedure for work on HV
equipment (the DIP & DILES steps):
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
35
Basic procedure for
Work on High Voltage Equipment
36
4.2 Switching and Records
37
4.2 Switching and Records
38
4.2 Switching and Records
39
4.2 Switching and Records
40
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
41
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
42
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
43
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
44
X
45
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
46
47
48
49
4.3.9 HV Cables
After isolation & earthing, but BEFORE issue of PTW:
cable box
50
4.3.9 HV Cables
Step 2; Prove Dead (by spiking)
Cable Spiker
51
4.3.11 Capacitor Banks
52
4.3 Questions
1) The following should be done before applying a Circuit Main
Earth: *
a) Establish points of isolation and apply safety locks and caution notices
b) Issue a PTW
c) Check dead with an Approved testing device
2) Why should flexible earth leads not be used for earthing metal
clad switchgear?
3) Before starting work on busbar spouts..*
a) Apply a Circuit Main Earth
b) Check dead and apply an Additional Earth
c) Lock the shutters of live circuits
53
4.3 Questions
5) Before commencing work on the busbars of a multi-panel
switchboard: *
a) Circuit Main Earth must be applied to at least one panel
b) Issue a PTW
c) An Additional Earth must be applied at the panel to be worked on
54
4.3 Isolation and Earthing
Exercise
55
4.4 Exposed high voltage conductors
56
4.4 Exposed high voltage conductors
57
4.4 Exposed high voltage conductors
4.4.2 Demarcation Near Exposed HV Conductors
58
4.4 Questions
1) The Safe Working Distance from a live 11kV conductor is:
a) 1.5 metres
b) Determined by the person in charge of the work
c) 0.9 metres plus the length and reach of tools and equipment to be used for the
work
59
60
4.6 Safety Documents
4.6.1 Authority for Issue, Receipt and Cancellation
61
4.5, 4.6 Questions
1) Removal of CMEs for HV testing may be done:
a) By an Authorised Person in receipt of a Sanction For Test
b) By a Competent Person under instruction from an Authorised Person
c) By a Senior Authorised Person in receipt of a Sanction For Test
2) A Sanction for Test can be:
a) Issued by a Senior Authorised Person
b) Received by a Competent Person
c) Issued by an Authorised Person
62
Exercise 2
Write a Switching Schedule and PTW for
63