CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

Experiment No :2
Date :

DROP WEIGHT CRUSHER

AIM:

1. To determine the reduction ratio for 10 and 30 drops

2. To find constants of the laws of crushing

APPARATUS:

Drop weight crusher set up sample materials balance with weights, standard test sieves and
sieve shaker.

THEORY:

The drop weight crusher consists of a long tube through which a known weight is
dropped from a known height. The weight is allowed to fall on the material kept inside the
metallic cup. The crushing occurs due to the impact of the falling weight. The extent of
crushing depends on the weight of the falling cylinder and number of drops.
Dropping the weight crushes a material of known size. The weight is allowed to fall a
defined number of times from the same height. The energy used for crushing is found out from
the weight of the cylinder, height of` fall and number of falls. The crushed material is analyzed
using a set of standard sieves.
Reduction ratio(R) = Feed size / Product size.
Three laws of crushing are
a. Rittengers law
b. Kickss law
c. Bonds law and the corresponding constants are found out

PROCEDURE:

The material to be crushed is subject to a preliminary crushing. Take about 25g of the sample of
size (-6+12) in the metallic cup. Release the drop weight from a known height. The drop weight
falls on the sample and due to the impact of the falling weight; the material is crushed to a fine
size. Replace the drop weight in the initial position and drop it again. The material is thus
subjected to the crushing required number of times. Withdraw the material, from the cup and
replace the sample on the top sieve of a set of standard screens. Replace the set on a sieve shaker
and sieve it for about 5 minutes duration. Note down the weight of the sample retained on each
sieve and calculate the weight fraction of sample on each sieve. Determine the average size of
the product by differential analysis and cumulative analysis technique

The experiment is repeated by varying the number of drops using the same feed in each case.

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CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

OBSERVATION:

Weight of drop weight, m = kg

Height of fall, h = m
Diameter of feed taken = mm
Feed material =
Weight of feed material =

CALCULATIONS:

+
1
Feed size
= ( )
2

2
Time of fall = sec

ENERGY AND POWER CALCULATION:

Energy = (J)

Power = ( ) (W)

Power consumption:

For 10 drops =

For 30 drops =
Product size determination (
)
1
From differential analysis,
=

For 10 drops
= m

For 30 drops,
= m

1
From cumulative analysis,
= 0

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CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

For 10 drops
= m

For 30 drops,
= m

Determination of Reduction Ratio:

Reduction ratio ( ) = Feed size / product size

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CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

Tabulation:

10 drops 30 drops
Mesh. No Cut Dia Avg. Weight Weight Weight Weight
Dpi Dia retained Fraction X retained Fraction X



(mm)
( ) gm (xi) gm (xi)
(mm-1) (mm-1)
mm

Where:
xi = weight fraction
X = Cumulative fraction larger than Dpi

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CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

REDUCTION DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS

RATIO(R)

FOR 10 DROPS

FOR 30 DROPS

Determination of Rittengers Law Constant

1 1
= ( )

RITTNGERS DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS
CONSTANT (Kr)

FOR 10 DROPS

FOR 30 DROPS

Determination of Kicks Law Constant:

= ( )

KICKS DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS
CONSTANT(Kk)

FOR 10 DROPS

FOR 30 DROPS

Determine of Bonds law constant

1 1
= ( )




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CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

BONDS DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS

CONSTANT(Kb)
FOR 10 DROPS

FOR 30 DROPS

PRECAUTIONS:

1. Take care such that, while crushing, the material does not come out of the crushing chamber
2. Mix well the powder after every five drops to ensure uniformity in crushing.

GRAPH:
Plot a graph of X Vs Dpi to estimate average particle size by cumulative analysis technique.
RESULT:
The result arc as tabulated below:

DIFFERENTIAL CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS

PARTICULARS ANALYSIS
10 DROPS 30 DROPS 10 DROPS 30 DROPS

Feed size,
,mm
Product size,
m
Reduction ratio(R)
Rittengers law Constant( Kr)
Kicks law Constant ( Kk)
Bonds law Constant ( Kb)