Roles and responsibilities in governing quality: a conceptual framework for health financing actors
Strategies for health financing
actors to govern quality in health
care
Apply quality criteria to determine
provider participation eligibility
Incorporate quality incentives/
disincentives into provider payment
mechanisms
Apply quality criteria to benefits package
design
Generate demand for quality
Invest directly in quality improvement
Provide non-monetary incentives for
quality
Mechanisms/processes used to
execute the strategies
Facility accreditation status as basis for
provider eligibility
Practitioner licensing as basis for
provider eligibility
Compliance with clinical guidelines as
basis for provider eligibility
Ongoing performance monitoring as
basis for provider eligibility
Provide bonuses to providers that deliver
high quality care
Penalize providers that deliver low
quality care
Apply differential payment rates/terms
according to quality of care provided
Specify quality criteria for benefit
eligibility
Exclude low quality/low value care (e.g.,
care that results from medical errors)
from benefits packages
Make information on provider quality
available to patients (e.g., scorecards)
Educate patients on the quality of care
Invest in improving facility systems and
infrastructure
Invest in quality training for providers
Support large-scale programs to improve
clinical processes and care delivery
Public recognition or awards to facilities
and providers for high quality care
Roles and responsibilities that need to
be fulfilled (by health financing actors
or others) to execute the strategies
- Set accreditation standards
- Conduct accreditation survey
- Award accreditation
- Set licensing standards
- Review practitioner credentials
- Issue practitioner licenses
- Develop clinical guidelines
- Monitor compliance with clinical
guidelines
- Set quality criteria
- Monitor performance against quality
criteria
- Determine quality priorities (for country
or sub-national units)
- Develop quality indicators
- Determine bonus/penalty amounts,
establish differential payment rates/
terms
- Monitor/measure provider quality
- Define legal basis for quality
against established indicators
- Set national quality policy
- Calculate and issue payments based on
performance against quality criteria
- Define benefits package complete with
quality criteria that need to be met for
each service to be eligible for payment
- Monitor quality of services to determine
if criteria have been met
- Establish list of low quality services to
be excluded from benefits package
- Establish quality measurement criteria
- Measure provider quality
- Publish provider quality information
- Conduct public education campaigns to
improve patients ability to determine
quality of care
- Determine systems and infrastructure
investments needed to improve quality
- Determine provider training needs
- Establish training curricula
- Determine areas for improvement
- Design improvement programs
- Implement improvement programs
- Determine selection criteria for public
recognition or awards