Aggravating circumstances

1. That advantage be taken by the offender in his public position

2. That crime be committed in contempt or with insult to public authorities
3. That act be committed with insult or disregard to the respect due the offended party on account
of his age, sex, or rank, or it is committed in the dwelling of the offended party, if the latter has
not given provocation
4. That crime be committed with abuse of confidence or obvious ungratefulness
5. That crime be committed in the palace of the Chief Executive, in his presence, or where public
authorities are engaged in the discharge of their duties, or in a place dedicated to religious
worship
6. That the crime be committed in the night time, in an uninhabited place, or by a band, whenever
such circumstance facilitates the commission of the crime
a. Whenever more than three armed malefactors shall have acted together in the
commission of the crime, it is deemed to have been committed by a band
7. Shipwreck (calamity)
8. That the crime is committed with the aid of armed men, who insures or affords impunity
9. That the accused is a recidivist
a. Recidivist a person who is in trial of a crime has been previously convicted by final
judgment of another crime embraced in the same title of this code.
10. That the accused has been previously punished for a crime to which the law inflicts equal or
greater penalty, or two or more crimes for which it attaches lighter penalty
11. That crime be committed in consideration of a price, reward, or a promise
12. That by means of the commission of the crime, inundation, fire, poison, explosion, stranding of a
vessel, international damage, derailment of a locomotive, or other artifice involving great waste
or ruin
13. That crime be committed with evident pre-meditation
14. That advantage be taken of superior strength, or means employed to weaken the defense
15. That craft, fraud, or disguise be employed
16. That crime be committed with treachery (alevosia)
There is treachery when the offender commits any of crimes against persons, employing
means, methods, or forms in the execution thereof, which tends to directly and specially
insure its execution, without risk to him arising from the defense which the offended
party might make
17. That in the commission of the crime, the means brought about circumstances which adds
ignominy to the natural effects of the act
18. That crime be committed after an unlawful entry
a. There is an unlawful entry where the entrance is effected by means not intended for its
purpose
19. That as a means of committing the crime, a wall, roof, floor, door, or window be broken
20. That crime be committed with the aid of persons under fifteen years of age, or by the use of
motor vehicles, airships, or other similar means.
21. (cruelty) That the means of committing the crime be augmented deliberately by another means
not necessary for its commission