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8. CIRCULAR MOTION

8.1 (D)
The maximum angular speed of the hoop corresponds to the situation when the bead is just about to
slide upwards.
The free body diagram of the bead is

For the bead not to slide upwards.

m2 (r sin 45) cos 45 mg sin 45 < N .................... (1)
where N = mg cos 45 + m2 (r sin 45) sin 45 .................... (2)
From 1 and 2 we get.

= 30 2 rad / s.

8.2 (C)
Let v be the speed of particle at B, just when it is about to loose contact.
From application of Newton's second law to the particle normal to the spherical surface.

mv 2
= mg sin .......... (1)
r
Applying conservation of energy as the block moves from A to B..
1
mv2 = mg (r cos r sin ) .......... (2)
2
Solving 1 and 2 we get
3 sin = 2 cos

8.3 (A)
As the mass is at the verge of slipping
mg sin37 mg cos37 = m2r
6 8 = 4.5
3
=
16

8.4 (B)

1 72v 2 2
As when they collide vt t R = vt
2 25R

5R
t=
6v

vt
Now angle covered by A =
R

11
Put t angle covered by A =
6
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8.5 (C)
The acceleration vector shall change the component of velocity u|| along the acceleration vector.

v2
r=
an
Radius of curvature rmin means v is minimum and an is maximum. This is at
point P when component of velocity parallel to acceleration vector becomes
zero, that is u|| = 0.

u 2 42
R= = = 8 meters.
a 2

8.6 (C)
x2 = 4ay
Differentiating w.r.t. y, we get
dy x
=
dx 2a

dy
At (2a, a), =1 hence = 45
dx
the component of weight along tangential direction is mg sin .
g
hence tangential acceleration is g sin =
2

8.7 (D)
The nature of the motion can be determined only if we know velocity and acceleration as function of time.
Here acceleration at an instant is given and not known at other times so D is the correct option

8.8 (C)
By energy conservation between A & B
2R MgR 1
Mg +0= + Mv2
5 5 2

2gR
v=
5

v 2 2gR / 5 R
Now, radius of curvature r =
ar g cos 37 2

8.9 (D)
The friction force on coin just before coin is to slip will be : f = s mg
Normal reaction on the coin ; N = mg
The resultant reaction by disk to the coin is
2
= N2 f 2 = (mg)2 ( s mg)2 = mg 1 s

9
= 40 103 10 1 = 0.5 N
16

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8.10 (D)

As 2T sin = dm 2 r (for small angle sin )
2 2 2
m
but dm = r

As = 2r T = m2r/2
Put m = 2 kg = 10 radian/s
and r = 0.25 m
T = 250 N

8.11 (A)
when he applies brakes
v2
s1
2a
if is the friction coefficient then a = g
v2
s1
2g
mv 2
when he takes turn mg
r
v2
r=
g
then we can see r > s1 hence driver can hit the wall when he takes turn due to insufficient radius of curvature.

8.12 (A)
As tengential acceleration a = dv/dt = dr/dt
but = 4 and dr/dt = 1.5 (reel is turned uniformly at the rate of 2 r.p.s.)

a = 6 , Now by the F.B.D. of the mass.

W
TW= a
g
T = W (1 + a/g) put a = 6
T = 1.019 W

8.13 (C)
For anti-clockwise motion, speed at the highest point should be gR .
Conserving energy at (1) & (2) :
1 R 1
mv a2 = mg m(gR )
2 2 2

va2 = gR + gR = 2gR va = 2gR

For clock-wise motion, the bob must have atleast that much speed initially, so that the string must not
become loose any where until it reaches the peg B.
At the initial position :

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mv c2
T + mgcos600 = ;
R
vC being the initial speed in clockwise direction.
For vC min : Put T = 0 ;

gR
gR 2 = 1
vC = vC/va = vC : va = 1 : 2 Ans.
2 2gR 2

8.14 (D)
3R
The bob of the pendulum moves in a circle of radius (R + Rsin300) =
2
Force equations :

3R 2
Tsin300 = m
2
Tcos300 = mg

3 2R 1 2g
tan300 = = = Ans.
2 g 3 3 3R

8.15 (C)
vmin = 5 gR = 5 10 2 = 10 m/s

8.16 (A)
T cos + N = mg ...(1)
and T sin = m 2 r ...(2) A
but T = Kx T cos
0.1m
T = 1.47 102 (0.1 sec 0.1)
N T
(K = 1.47 102 N/m) r M
P m Q
Also r = 0.1 tan mg
put T, r, m & in equation (2)
we have cos = 3/5 and T = 9.8 N

8.17 (C)
mv 2
T mg sin =
R

m. (u02 2g sin 30 )
3 mg mg sin30 =

u0 = 3g / 2

8.18 (B)
When the acceleration of bob is horizontal,
net vertical force on the bob will be zero.
T cos mg = 0
The tangential force at that instant is
mg
= mg sin = mg 1 cos 2 = T 2 (mg)2
T
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8.19 (B)
From length constraint on AB
a cos 45 = b cos 45
a=b T sin 45
a A
T sin 45 = m(a) mg T sin 45 = mb T sin 45 T T cos 45
45 mg
mg ma = ma T
B 45
g C
T cos 45
2ma = mg a=
2 b mg

T mg mg
T=
2 2 2

8.20 (C)
4 2
V= g R tan (20) 2 = 10 100 tan tan = = =tan1 (2/5)
10 5

8.21 (B)
In the frame of ring (inertial w.r.t. earth), the initial velocity of the bead is v at the lowest position.
The condition for bead to complete the vertical circle is, its speed at top position
vtop 0
From conservation of energy
1 1
m v 2top + mg (2R) = mv2 or v= 4 gR
2 2

8.22 (A)
| V | = v 2 v 2 2v 2 cos 60 = v

| v | v 3 v2 v2 ai v 2 R
aav = = = ai = ; a av = R 3 v 2 = 3
t t R R

8.23 (A)

B Tmin
inertial force
0
M(3g/4) 53
530

A
Tmax
Fnet mg

Fnet is shown in the figure. So, tension will be max. at point A and will be min. at point B.

8.24 (B)
For the ring to move in a circle at constant speed the net force on it should
be zero. Here spring force will provide the necessary centripetal force.

k 300
kx = mx2 = = = 10 rad/sec. Ans.
m 3

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8.25 (B)
m
dT = dm( x)2 dT = . dx ( x ) 2

T /2
m 2

0
dT =
0
( x) dx

/2
m 2 x2 m 2 2 2
= x =
2
0 2 8

Tension at mid point is :

3 3m 2 3m 2
T= m2 stress = strain =
8 8A 8 AY

8.26 (A)
mV 2
At A ; NA mg =
RA
mV 2
NA = mg +
RA
mV 2
and At B ; N B = mg
RB
mV 2
and At C ; N C = mg +
RC
As by energy conservation ;
RA < RC
NA is greatest among all.

8.27 (A, C)

Nsin
N


Ncos
h

As N sin = mg
N cos = m2 r
g
tan = T 2 tan
2r
when increases T also increases
Also T 2 r tan
but r = h tan
T 2 h tan2
for constant
T2 h
Thus when h increases T also increases

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8.28 (A, B, C, D)
Let N be the normal reaction (Reading of the weighing machine)

mv 2
at A NA mg =
r
Put v NA mg = mg NA = 2mg = 2W

mv 2
Also, at E, NE + mg = = mg
r
NE = 0 hence NA > N E by 2W
Now at G, NG = mg = W = NC
NE NA
Also 0 and 2
NA NC

8.29 (A, B, C) A

1
Between A and B mgL cos = mv B2 ar
2 L
vB2 = 2gL cos
B
v2
Now ar = B = 2g cos C
L
at
and at = g sin

a= a 2t ar2 = g 1 3 cos 2

mv B2
Now, at B T B mg cos =
L
Put VB T B = 3 mg cos
When total acceleration vector directed horizontally
at g sin 1
tan (90 ) = a = 2g cos = tan
r 2

On solving = cos 1 1/ 3

8.30 (A, D)
5
For case : 1 = rad/sec.
6
5
A/T = rad/sec.
6
v 3.14
B/G = = = rad/sec.
R 3 3

T/G = rad/sec (in opposite direction)
6

5 4 2
A/G = A/T + T/G = = rad/s.
6 6 6 3

2
A/B = A B = = rad/sec.
3 3 3

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and A/B = 30 = rad/sec.
6

1
Using ; rel = i (rel) t + t2
2 rel

t0 t = 0.5 sec. Ans.
6 3

8.31 (A)
For conical pendulum of length , mass m moving
along horizontal circle as shown
T cos = mg .... (1)
T sin = m sin
2
.... (2)
g
From equation 1 and equation 2, cos =
2
cos is the vertical distance of sphere below O point of suspension. Hence if of both pendulums are
same, they shall move in same horizontal plane.
Hence statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1.

8.32 (D)
The normal reaction is not least at topmost point, hence statement 1 is false.

8.33 (A)
(Moderate) Let the minimum and maximum tensions be Tmax and Tmin and the minimum and maximum
speed be u and v.

mu2
Tmax = + mg
R

mv 2
Tmin = mg
R

u2 v 2

T = R R + 2 mg.
m

From conservation of energy

u2 v 2
= 4g is indepenent of u.
R R
and T = 6 mg.
Statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1.

8.34 (B)
vB = 2gL sin and vC = 2gL
If vC = 2vB
Then 2gL = 4 (2gL sin)
1 1
or sin = or = sin-1
4 4

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8.35 (B)
Tangential acceleration is at = g cos,
at
which decreases with time.
Hence the plot of at versus time may be as shown in graph.
Area under graph in time interval t1 = vB 0 = vB
Area under graph in time interval t2 = vC vB =vB t
A B C
Hence area under graph in time t1 and t2 is same. t1 t2
t1 < t2

8.36 (B)

vB vC = v B2 v C2 2v B v C sin = vB

v B2 v 2C 2vBvC sin = vB2

vC = 2vB sin 90-

2g = 2 2g sin sin vB

1/ 3 vC
1 1
sin = 3
sin =
4 4
1/ 3
1
= sin1
4

8.37 (B)
Putting h = 0 and the values we have T = 164 N

8.38 (B)
Putting h = 2R we get T = 144 5gR = 44 N.

8.39 (B)
R
At = 60, h = R R cos 60 =
2

R
Putting h = in v2 = u2 2gh
2
We get the result.

8.40 (A) r, t ; (B) q,s ; (C) p ; (D) q,r

(A) F = constant and u F 0
Therefore initial velocity is either in direction of constant force or opposite to it. Hence the particle will
move in straight line and speed may increase or decrease. When F and u are antiparallel then particle
will come to rest for an instant and will return back

(B) u F 0 and F = constant
initial velocity is perpendicular to constant force, hence the path will be parabolic with speed of particle
increasing.

(C) v F 0 means instantaneous velocity is alway perpendicular to force. Hence the speed will remain

constant. And also | F | = constant. Since the particle moves in one plane, the resulting motion has to
be circular.

(D) u 2 i 3 j and a 6 i 9 j . Hence initial velocity is in same direction of constant acceleration, therefore
particle moves in straight line with increasing speed.

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8.41 (A) q, (B) q, t (C) q, t (D) p, s
v = 2t2
Tangential acceleration at = 4t

v2 2t 4
Centripetal acceleration ac =
R R

v 4t at 4tR R
Angular speed = = , tan = = 3
R R ac 4t 4 t

8.42 (A) q,s ; (B) p,t ; (C) p,t ; (D) q,r

From graph (a) = k where k is positive constant
d
angular acceleration = = k k = k2
d
angular acceleration is non uniform and directly proportional to . (A) q, s

From graph (b) 2 = k . Differentiating both sides with respect to .

d d k
2 =k or = k is slope of curve hence angular acceleration is uniform. (B) p, t
d d 2
From graph (c) = kt
d
angular acceleration = =k k is slope of curve hence angular acceleration is uniform (C) p, t
dt
From graph (d) = kt2
d
angular acceleration = = 2kt k is slope of curve hence angular acceleration is non uniform and di-
dt
d
rectly proportional to t. Slope of the curve is constant (can be seen in given graph) but = = 2kt
dt
increasing with time.

(D) q,r

8.43 (20)

v 2 u2 sin2
R= = = 20 m.
a g

8.44 (a) (5)

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As a rod AB moves, the point P will always lie on the circle.
its velocity will be along the circle as shown by vP in the figure. If the point P has to lie on
the rod AB also then it should have component in x direction as v.
vP sin = v vP = v cosec
x 1 3R 3
here cos = = . =
R R 5 5

4 5
sin = cosec =
5 4

5
vP = v ...Ans. x = 5
4

VP 5V
(b) = =
R 4R

ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION :
(a) Let P have coordinate (x, y)
x = R cos , y = R sin .
dx d d v
vX = = R sin = v =
dt dt dt R sin

d v
and vY = R cos = R cos R sin = v cot
dt

vP = v 2x v 2y = v 2 v 2 cot 2 = v cosec ...Ans.

8.45 As the car travels at a fixed speed 1 m/s, hence tangential acceleration will be zero. Therefore, there
will be no component of friction along tangent.

mv 2
Case I : If Mg > ; hence friction force on car
r
of mass m will be outwards from the centre.

mv 2
T mg =
rmax

m
Mg mg = ..... (1)
rmax

mv 2
Case II : If Mg < ; hence friction force on car of
r
mass m will be towards centre.
mv 2
T + mg =
rmin
m
Mg + mg = .... (2)
rmin
From equations (1) and (2)
rmax M m
rmin = M m

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8.46 By Newtons law at B

mv 2
T mg cos =

By energy conservation b/w A and B
1 1
mg (1 cos) + mv2 = m (5g)
2 2
mv = m 5g 2mg (1 cos)
2

T = mg cos + m 5 g 2mg (1 cos)

= 3 mg + 3 mg cos

mv 2
putting value of of in equation (i)
c
3mg (1 + cos) = 6 mg cos2 (/2)

8.47 The free body diagram of the block is

(a) For block not to slide along wedge, applying Newton's second law along incline we get
mg sin = m ( cos ) cos

g sin
=
cos2

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