Example 1 Let a,b,c >0, prove that a? +0? + > ab+be+ ca. Example 2 Prove that ifa,b,c> 0, then +24 >3. Example 3 Prove thot jor any positive real numbers a,b,c we have 1 1 1 9 en ayb” bre cta~ Xat+bre Example 4 Prove that ifa,b,e > 0 then a,b ye bte eta atb > Example 5 Prove that 34 V3 + V/3— 93 < 203. 1. Prove that for any positive real numbers a,b,c we have (a +2)(b + 3)(c +6) > 48Vabe. 2. Prove that if a,b,c > 0, then (a +b)(b-4e)(c +a) > Sabe. ab be | ca 3. Prove that if a,be>0,then Sto+ P23 4. Prove that if.b,e>0, then #4 Eas bbe, eta 5. Prove that if z,y > 0 then, —* <= Poy rtp Say 6. Prove that (a +b—e)(b+e—a)(e-+a—b) < abe if uy 1 (a) a,b,c are sides of a triangle (b) a,b,¢ are positive real numbers. 7. Prove that if @,0,¢>0 and a? +? + =3, then 1 1 143 Tyab" Tybe "T¢ea~ 3 8. Prove that if «,y,2 are real mumbers with 2 > 0, then at yy 4 10241 E 9. Prove that the inequality (a + b+ 0)? > 12a(b+ ¢) holds for any real numbers a,b, 2atyti 10. Prove that if x, y,2>0, then savEtuvEtalZ. (@) ttyl te! 2 uel yOE+ ye Vm).30. ai. 22. 33. Prove that if a,b,c > 0 then +244 >a+b+e Prove that ifa+b+e=1,thena?+¥ +> 4. Prove that ifa+6+c=3, then a? +6 4+c>3>ab+be+ca Let a,b,c be positive real numbers such that a? +0? +e? = 8, Prove that 1 1 1 tty apeyit bpesi *eyast 2! Prove that the inequality @4+R 40> 2 CAE OS abt tote holds for any real numbers a,b, c. Prove that if x,y,z > 0, then Prove that if 2° + y? Let «,b,¢ be positive real numbers with a? 4 8% 4 ¢ = 94, Prove that atbtess. Prove that if a,b,e > 0, then go2y b 4 era t+ aera 2 arera + ayore Prove that ifa+b> 1, then at+5*> 2. 34. Let a,b,¢> 0. Prove that 35. 36. 37. 38. O42 b42 e+? bte cota ato Prove that for positive real numbers 1, y, > we have 23 © st ¥ — 2 wt Qt ytd te en] oe Prove that if a,b,c > 0, then oye ye Be aa * aR Prove the inequality 2/741 —2y% < te <2VF—2VF—T for x > 1. Prove that if a,6,¢ > 0 then cat wb1. Solve each inequality. 2. Find all values of m for which the inequality (a) 24 (4m? — 5m 41)z?+2%(m41)r+1>0 (b) 22 -9r-15<0 (©) Sart > 0 holds for all real number ©. (@) wey >d 3. Find all values of & for which the inequality (e) -1< See <1 (K - te? 42(k- Dott >0 () Seb <2 holds for all real number x. (g) 22 -2|2| 4350 (h) S52 > ar (i) 22 42x43) 10<0 4 Find all values of m for which the inequality ma* —4max+m? +2m-3>0 holds for all real number x. 1 1 2 + >? . eae UF ie ey? +2 42 42 B+de 7 ot 3a 3 6 Dtoctaa 2 ator atbtctd=12 abed = 27 + ab + ac + ad + be + bd + ed. a? war” a Tat 42? _ iei7” 39. Prove that for x,y > 0, 40. Prove that if a,b,c > 0 then 41, Prove that if a,d,c>0, then 14 42. Solve the system in R+ 43. Solve the system in the set of real numbers y re ray, 44, Solve the system where 2,y,2 €R who ade, 2v 12. 13, 1. 15. 17. 18. 19. . Prove that 101 - 102 - 103 - Let mand n be natural numbers. Prove that if ==? . Find all integers such that n +2 | n? +4. . Show that if (a —e) | (ab+ ed) then (a—e) | (ad + be). . Prove that for any integer n, (a) 6[n8+5n (b) 30|n'—n (c) 2730 |n!¥—n . Prove that A=1+3 +3? +3° +... +3! is divisible by 520. . Find all integers n such that (n — 1)° +.n3 + (n + 1)? is divisible by 18. . Prove that if p is a prime number greater than 8, then 42p | 3? — 2? — 1. 200 is divisible by 2! but not divisible by 101 Find a if for every & 4 27 we have (27 — k) | (a — k°°7) . Prove that if k | (ae +b) and k | (ce +d) then k | (ad— bc). ). Find all values of a, for which the equation x? + y? = ary has solution in Zz. fa is a natural number then m =n. Prove that 1284 js irreducible (can’t be simplified). . Prove that for integer « the fraction #2, can't be simplified. Given that m and n are relatively prime numbers. Find all numbers by which the fraction 28 can be simplified. Given that n is an integer greater than 6. Prove that ifn — 1 andn+1 are prime numbers then n2(n? + 16) is divisible by 720. Prove that if k is a natural mumber then 2?*—! + 2* — 1 is not divisible by 7. Solve the equation zy = 2(x + y) in the set of integers. Solve the equation 3+ $= 3 in the sot of integers. Solve the equation 4 + 1 = + in the sot of natural numbers, where p is prime.10. 1. 12. 13. 14, ee ye no eH e 2 10. ll. 12. 13. u. 15. Compute 120 4 obey fet tor41=0. Let 2,y,2 #0. Prove that ifr+$=y4+t=244 thn e=y=2 or (xyz)? =1 Prove that ifa+b+c=0 then 2(a° +05 + &) =5abe(a? + +). Prove that ifa+b+e+d—O then a? +? 4c +d? — 3(ab— ed)(c +d). Let a, b,c be positive reals satisfying 26% = a? + 2. Prove that 1 12 ath *b+e c4a Find all prime numbers p such that p+ 2 and p +4 are all primes. Find all prime numbers p such that 2p? + 1 is also prime. Find all prime numbers p for which 2° + p? is also a prime. Let n be an integer greater than 1. Prove that if the number 2” + n? is prime, then n — 3 is divisible by 6. Find all prime numbers p,g,r such that p? +4? =r. Find all primes p, g,r satisfying p* — g? =r. Find all prime numbers which can be represented both as sums and as differences of two prime numbers. Find all primes p,q and natural numbers n such that P| (q~1) and q" | (p? ~1). Find the prime number p such that 2p? +1 = ®, where k € Z. Let p be a prime greater than 5. Prove that the equation 2 + 4° = p has no solution in Z. Prove that if p is a prime greater than 3, then 24 | p? — 1. Find all primes p such that p? + 239 has less than 16 divisors. Find all primes p such that 2p — 7p? + 1 is a perfect square. Let p be an odd prime number. Show that, there exist infinitely many natural number n such that 2p" +3 is composite. Find all primes p and q such that 24 { (q+ 1) and p?q +1 is a perfect square.s o x Solve each equation. 2. Solve each equation. (o) vent - yeFT = View. (©) Jey Ve7 = Vers ( Vint verd- Vee B = @ + 0-9-0 (© (i F=1-yvrt () Vaz3—4VF=T =a, whoroa eR" (@) Vers 1+ 2VTaa = Vers @) (BS + (SR -8 () 693+ YE=T= () 28404 UF Fa (k) (ares ga e= Ve () WeFB- Ye-B=-2 (a) (EEO YO=F (0) eF3= Prove that U1.,.1.22..3 can be written as the product of two consecutive Ve-De-H 2 natural numbers. Prove that 11... ~22..2 is a perfect square. let An dbs and B = 88... Show that 4 +2B +4 is a perfect square. Let N = 11... 22.25. Show that NV is a perfect square. wee ™ me Find all n € N such that 11...1 is a perfect ind all n € N such that is a perfect square. Prove that the number of digits of a prime repunit is prime. Is the converse true? Find the smallest n € N such that {1...1 is divisible by 13. a" e eae Prove that 4” +2" can't be a perfect square for any natural number n. Show that m? +m +1 can’t be a perfect square for any natural number m. Prove that 4e(x-+1) = y(y +1) has no solutions in N. Find all natural numbers n such that n? +2n + 2007 is a perfect square. Find all natural numbers n such that n? 4+ 2n +2009 is a perfect square. Prove that the number is a perfect square, Prove that the product of four consecutive natural numbers can’t be a perfect square. Is the number 100...0500...01 a perfect cube? we 9. Solve the equation 2° + 3x3 +1 = y! in the sot of integers. u. 12, 13. 4, Let a1, 3, ..,@a008 be natural numbers such that a +03 +... + Goo = Aeon. Prove that at least two of a), @a,...,d2398 are even numbers. Prove that 2° — 2y? + 82 = 3 has no solutions in integers. Prove that pi p2 is the ith prime, Pa +L can’t be a perfect square for any n, where p; Solve the equation 2" +7 = m? in the set of integers. Let n be an integer greater than 9. Find alln € N such that n?—15n +55 is a perfect square.15, 16. 17. 18. 19. 23. Prove that ifr ty+2=1and $+4}=0 then a? +y?+2? Calculate cy + yz +22 if f,atbt+c=landa?+h4=1. Given that a? +b? =e 4d? = 1 and ac +bd = 0. Find ab+ed. Let b,c # 1. Prove that if ac—a—e = 6 — 2b and bd —b-d = 0? — 2c then ad+b+e=be+a+d. Prove at 2ac b b are GP =@- De- Prove that ( + 1)(y+1) =2, where BaPaat 4) _(abe-Wlo4b—9 he (a+b+o(b+e—a) Let ,y,2,a be real numbers satisfying 7+ y+2=aand 2424 Prove that at least one of x,y,z equals to a. Let a,b,c,x,y,2 be real numbers such that xyz # 0, abe # 0. Prove that f24¥42=1andS4242=Othn +44 5-1. Let 0. Compute 2 +y if 2 —y = V5 and ay =1. Compute 2? + y? if 24+ #=4 and r—y=2. 2. = . Given that y— 2 = 1 and 2-2 = 1. Compute (x +4)? Find riven that 2 +4 =3. (a) +35 (b) (@- 3)? () B+ (@) +a (©) Pik Compute a +b! +c! ifat+b+c=0 anda? + +e =1. 7. Let a,b, c be real mumbers such that abe #0 and a+b +e40. Prove that if} + $4+1= = then (a+5)( + )(c +a) =0. 8. Let a,b,c be real mumbers such that abe # 0 and a+b +e40. Prove that if +}+4=>h7 tha S+4+5=an5- = 9. Prove each statement if x+y +2=0. (a) ey? +22 = Bayz (b) B+ y +28 +3(etyyt2)(2+2)=0 (o) att yt tot = (a2 y? + yz? + 2227) (4) at + yt te") = (et ty 427? (6) Haake = aaa! | Aaya!10. 11. 12. 13. 14. . Solve the equation 3 ot . Find the real numbers 2, y satisfying the equation Max? — © 41)(y? +29 42) = 3, . Solve the equation a? + 2ab + 26? = 13 in the set of integers. . Let z,y be real numbers, Prove that if (x + V7 +1)(y+ VP +1) =1 then s+ y =0. . Solve the equation (x? — 3)? — (4x +6)? + 6 = 18(4r + 6)(3 — x”). . Prove that if.a,b,¢ R, then (e-a)(w—b) + («@—B)(w— 0) + (w@— (wa) =0 has real solution. . Solve the equations (a) (@ +2)! + (@43)4 = (Qe 45)! (b) 32? + 3x) — e+ 5) =0 © &- aaa! (@) (Qc? — 3x +1)(20* +5241) = 92" (0) (@ +2) + 8)(a + 8)(x + 12) =a? (f) 2!-2r5 +2-3=0 (5) (w@+2)'+(@+4)t=16 (a) 2 4(e-1)'=3 @) (14a) + (1422)! = Ont Let 21,272 be the roots of 2? 4 pr — zh = 0, where p < RB \ {0}. Prove that x} +2} >24 V2. . Lot 21,22 be the roots of 2? 4 pr — gly = 0, whore p ¢ R\ {0}. For what value of p, rf +2$=2+ V2. fiven that a, 5, ¢ are positive real numbers such that a+b+¢ = 1 and one of the roots of ax? + (b—1)r +¢=0 is in (0,1). Prove that 2a + b> 1. Given that the roots of the equation r?+ px +q =0 are integers. Find p.q and the roots of the equation, if p+q = 198. Find all pairs (a,b) of integers, for which a+b is a solntion to the equation @tartb=0. Solve the equation Vx— V3 + 27y? + 2ry( v6 — V3) = 6V2—9in B. Find the real number a such that 2? +ac+8=0 and 2? +2+a=0 have a common root.15. 16. 17. 18. 19. oon Find all values of a, for which the equation 2? + 4r—2|r—a|+2-a=0 has exactly two different real roots. Find all values of a, for which the equation |2? + 2x +a| different real solutions. 2 has four Find all values of a, for which the equation ‘three different real solutions. — 2x —3| =a has exactly ‘The real roots of the equation 2? + a,r-+b; = 0 are ao and 21, the real roots of the equation 2” + azx + bz = 0 are zo and r2 and the real roots of the equation 2” + asx + bs — 0 are xo and 2s. Find the roots of the equation a? + Sitapta, 4 bitbeth _ 9, ‘The product of one of the roots of the equation az” + br + b= 0 and one of the roots of the equation a2? + ar+6 = 0 is 1. Find the roots of each equation. Solve the equation |x + 3} — Let a,b,c € R such that a? +8? + 2 £0. Is it possible for the equation (P4P 4 2)2? 42a + b+e)r+38=0 to have two different real roots? Let a,b,c € R+ such that a? + 0? = 2. Find ¢ if 124 2 = Solve the equation a? + 2y? + 2ry + 2x — dy +10=0. Let a > 0. Prove that for all eal solutions « to the equation 22-4ps-+q = we have x > 42=(pte)* Let z,y@R. Find ety if 2 + y? + (x + y)* + 30xy = 2000. Let 21,22 be the roots of (a—1)2?—(a41)z 42a-1-0,acR,a #0. Find all values of 5 such that the value of (x1 —6)(r2—5) does not depend Prove that the quadratic equations ax? +br+¢—Oand bx? +er+a=0, where a,b,c € R and a,b £0, have common root if and only if, © +P +e = Babe,av. 30. at. . Solve the equation 2? + (= . Given that the roots of the quadratic equation az? + br +¢ = 0, where a,b,c Rand a £0, are real and in (0,1). Prove that a(2c-+b) <0. For q £0, the equations r?4+pr+q = 0 and 2? +pr— solutions. Prove that there exist a,b € N such that p? =O have integer a 4b =O where a is a real number. Solve the equation «4 —2az? + x +a? — = 8 in the set of integers. . Find all values of a for which the roots of the equation 1?—2axr—(a+3) = 0 are integers. Find all values of a for which the roots of the equation (a 1)z? — (a? +1) +0? +a = 0 are intogers. Find the value of m such that az? + bx +¢+m(z?+1) isa perfect square. . Prove that 2? + (2n+1)c-+ (dn — 1), where n € N, does not have integral solutions. (The roots are not integers.) Prove that the roots of a quadratic equation all of whose coefficients are odd integers, can’t be rational numbers. Find all k € Z such that the roots of ka? + (2k —1)r+k-2= 0 are rational numbers. . For what value of p € Z the equations 327—4z-+p—2 = 0 and z?—2pr+5 = 0 have a common root. For what value of k € Z the equations 22? + (2k — 1)r—3 = 0 and 2x? + (2k —3)¢— 1 =0 have a common rot. |. For what value of k € Z the equations 2x? — (3k + 2)r +12 = 0 and 4x? — (9k — 2)2 + 35 = 0 have a common root. Prove that ar?-+hr-+e=Oand er? +br-+a = O,with a ¢c, have common solution if and only if (a+c)* = 81. Solve each system r+y+3=19 aty=s 2 Given testo | a go Findehy. w{ ry=6 ¥ ae (b) { 3. Find all ¢R such that che stem { 72S) has solution for any be R y w{ _ 4. Find alla R for which the system { 1 2s ° (a) { has two equal solutions. { PL Yyene 5. Solve the system 4 y?+227—y of{ 2+ Qey=2 ® { apy t=? 6. saw { ue near, (abeR) sy¥trty=8 7 sotwe { +E ee) = 28° (eR) 1. If the real coefficients a,b,c where a #0, of the equation ax? +br+e=0 satisfy 4+¢ < _1 then the quadratic equation has a real solution. Put 2. Find the minimum and maximum value of the function f(x) = hy. 3. For what values of m and n the function f(m,n) = gaat has maximum value? 4. Find all values of a for which the equation |x? — 2x —3| =a has exactly three different real solutions. 5, Lot f(x) =a2 + br +c be given such that the equation f(x) =< has no real solutions. Prove that the equation f(f(z)) =2 has no real solutions, cither. 6. The function f(z) that aa+beceZ. 7. Find the minimum value of the function ax? +br+c takes integer values for integer 2. Prove f(a) = (e- 1)(e- 22 - 3)(@-4) +10