Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Behaviorism - focus on observable behavior
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Cognitive - learning as purely a mental/ neurological process
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Humanistic - emotions and affect play a role in learning
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Social - humans learn best in group activities
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The development of these theories over many decades is a fascinating story. Some theories
developed as a negative reaction to earlier ones. Others built upon foundational theories, looking at
specific contexts for learning, or taking them to a more sophisticated level.
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There is also information here about general theories of learning, memory, and instructional
methodology.
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Educational Psychology important notes
1. Behaviorist Perspective
Classical Conditioning:
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Stimulus/Response
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Behaviorism: Stimulus, Response, Reinforcement
John B. Watson 1878-1958 Behaviorism fre
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Edward L. Thorndike 1874-1949 Connectivism
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Educational Psychology important notes
Gestalt Learning Theory: Perception, Decision making, Attention, Memory, & Problem
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Solving
Max Wertheimer 1880 -1943 Gestalt Learning Theory Kurt Lewin 1890 - 1947 Field
Theoretical Approach Wolfgang Kohler 1887 - 1967 Insight Learning Kurt Koffka 1887 -
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1941 Gestalt Theory Leon Festinger 1919 - 1989 Cognitive Dissonance
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D.O. Hebb 1904 - 1985 Neurophysiologic Theory George A Miller 1920 - Information Processing
Theory Allen Newell 1927 - 1992 General Problem Solver Craik & Lockhart Levels of Processing Allan
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Paivio 1941 - Dual Coding Theory David E. Rumelhart 1942 - Interactive Activation with Competition
David Ausubel 1918 - 2008 Subsumption Theory Jerome Bruner 1915 - Constructivism Jean Piaget
1896 - 1990 Genetic Epistemology Jean Lave Situated Cognition Chris Argyris 1923 - Double Loop
Learning Rand J. Spiro Cognitive Flexibility David Kolb Learning Styles John Flavell Metacognition
Roger Schank Script Theory
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Educational Psychology important notes
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4. Social Learning Perspective: Learning
as a group process
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Lev Vygotsky 1896 - 1935 Social Constructivism Albert Bandura 1925 - Observational Learning John
Seely Brown Cognitive Apprenticeship
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5. General Theories of Memory &
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