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Franais Anglais Dfinition Col/lyc Niveau

Substance which in solution gives a pH lower than seven. We obtain


Acide Acid an acidic solution C 5
Acide chlorhydrique Hydrochloric acid Acid solution of hydrogen chloride in water C 3
Air Air Gas principally composed of nitrogen and oxygen. C 4
Aluminium Aluminium Metallic element, symbol Al, atomic number 13 C 3
Glassware with the shape of a bulb, having a tap downwards allowing
Ampoule dcanter Separating funnel the separation of two immiscible liquids. C 5
Anhydre Anhydrous Not containing water C 5
Aqueux Aqueous Describing a solution in water C 5
Chemical compound responsible for the smell or for the taste of a
Arme Aroma substance. C 5
Gaseous envelope principally composed of nitrogen and oxygen,
Atmosphre Atmosphere which surrounds the globe of the Earth. C 4
Smallest unit into which matter can be divided and still retain the
Atome Atom characteristic properties of an element C 3
Azote Nitrogen Element, chemical symbol N, atomic number 7 C 5
Ballon Round-bottomed flask Spherical glassware C 5
Bar Bar Unit of pressure. C 5
Substance which in solution gives a pH higher than seven. Any of
Base Base/Alkali various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and C 5
reacting with an acid to form a salt and water.
Bec Bunsen Bunsen burner Used to provide heat for chemical reaction. C 5
A wide cylindrical glass vessel with a pouring lip, used as a laboratory
Bcher Beaker container and mixing jar. C 5
Brouillard Smog A mixture of smoke, fog, and chemical fumes C 5
A substance that is in a gaseous state at a temperature below its
Bue Vapour boiling point C 5
Butane Butane Combustible gas : chemical formula C4H10 C 4_1
White crystalline salt occurring in limestone, chalk, marble, calcite,
Carbonate de calcium Calcium carbonate coral, and pearl: used in the production of lime and cement. Formula: C 4
CaCO3
Carbone Carbon Element, chemical symbol C, atomic number 6 C 5
Celsius Celsius Unit of temperature C 5
The process of separating different particles in suspension in a liquid
Centrifugation Centrifuging or a gas by a movement of very quick rotation. C 5
Changement d'tat Change of state Change from one state (solid, liquid or gas) to another state. C 5
A form of charge, designated positive, negative, or zero, found on the
Charge lectrique Electrical charge elementary particles that make up all known matter. C 3
When a liquid mixture is heated, certain chemical compounds
vaporise and become gaseous in a vertical column where they are
Chauffage reflux Reflux condenser cooled down by circulation of water and liquify falling back into the C 3
liquid mixture again.
Round-bottomed flask
Chauffe-ballon
heater
Electrical apparatus that heats a round-bottomed flask C 5
Chlorure de sodium sodium chloride Chemical name for salt, composed of sodium and chloride, NaCl. C 3
Technology of separation of chemical components in solution in a
Chromatographie Chromatography homogeneous mixture, which uses the difference in the rates of C 5
migration of components carried by a solvent on a support.
Colorant Colourant A dye or similar reagent C 5
A substance that oxidizes another substance, especially one that
Comburant Oxidizer supports the combustion of fuel. A substance that enters into a C 4
combination with oxygen or becomes converted into an oxide
combustible Fuel Substance which undergoes combustion C 4
A chemical process in which two compounds react together to
Combustion Combustion produce heat and light. C 4
Compact Compact Closely and firmly united or packed together C 5
A substance for which the volume can be reduced without changing
Compressible Compressible the quantity. C 4
The volume decreases as the pressure increases at constant
Compression Compression temperature C 4
Concentration massique Mass concentration Mass of solute dissolved per litre of solution, g/L C 5
Condensation Condensation Change of state from gas to liquid or solid. C 5
Conservation des During a chemical reaction, the reacting atoms are conserved when
atomes
Conservation of atoms the products are formed. C 4
Corps pur pure substance Substance constituted by identical molecules. C 5
Corrosif Corrosive Responsible for corrosion C 3
Reaction between metal and the gas in air, the metal is oxidized to
Corrosion Corrosion form an oxide layer on surface. C 3
Cortge lectronique Electron shell A grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of the atom C 3
Cristallisoir Crystallizer Glassware used to form or cause to form crystals C 5
Cuivre Copper Metallic element, chemical symbol Cu, atomic number 29 C 3
Cycle de l'eau Water cycle The circulation of the water through the air, seas, rivers and soil C 5
Dcantation Decanting The process of separating a liquid away from a solid that has settled. C 5
Dgazage Degassing To extract the gas dissolved in a solution C 5
An action which consists of extracting water from a substance .The
Deshydratation Dehydration process of losing or removing water or moisture C 5
Device which lowers the pressure of compressed gas at ambient
Dtendeur Regulator pressure. C 4
N2, molecule composed of two atoms of nitrogen (chemical element,
Diazote Nitrogen (gas or liquid)
symbol N, atomic number 7)
C 4

Diffusion Diffusion Permanent excitement of molecules in the liquid or gaseous state. C 4


Hydrogen (gas or liquid H2, molecule composed of two atoms of hydrogen (chemical element,
Dihydrogne
hydrogen) symbol H, atomic number 1)
C 5
Diluer To dilute Decrease the concentration of a solution by adding solvent. C 5_3
Dioxyde de carbone Carbon dioxide CO2, molecule composed of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. C 5
Dispers Dispersed Distributed throughout the whole of the volume. C 5
The action of obtaining a homogeneous solution by stirring a solid, a
Dissolution Dissolving liquid or a gas in a solvent C 5

Dissoudre To dissolve The substance (solute) added to a solvent becomes evenly dispersed C 5
Distillat Distillate The liquid obtained by distillation (see distillation) C 5
The process of separating a mixture of liquids by heating, the vapour
Distillation Distillation of the liquid with the lowest boiling point comes off first and is C 5
condensed back to a liquid in a condenser.
Divis Divided To become separated into components or parts C 5
A change of state from liquid to gaseous (vapour) at a temperature
Ebullition Boiling called the boiling point. It occurs by the formation of bubbles C 5
throughout the liquid.
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 or slaked lime) : white solid which
Eau de chaux Limewater dissolves slightly in water to form limewater. This is weakly alkaline C 4
and is used to test for carbon dioxide.
Water which has had salts removed by distillation. It is done by
Eau distille Distilled water distillation or ion exchange. C 5

Effervescence Effervescence The formation of gaseous bubbles in a liquid by chemical reaction. C 5


A piece of metal or graphite placed in a electrolyte via which current
Electrode Electrode enters or leaves. C 3
Basic particle of negative load which orbits around the nucleus of the
Electron Electron atom C 3
It has broken loose from an atom of metal, and circulates in the
Electron libre Free electron structure. With other electrons of conduction, it constitutes electric C 3
current.
Liquid used during a chromatography, in which the bottom of the
Eluant Eluent support is submerged. C 5
Formed when fine droplets of one liquid are in suspension in another
Emulsion Emulsion liquid. The two liquids are not miscible. C 5
During a chemical reaction, energy appears: in the form of warmth, or
Energie chimique Chemical energy light. There can be movement or an explosion. C 3
Flask calibrated by cylindrical form, used for measuring the volume of
Eprouvette Measuring cylinder a liquid C 5
Equation de raction Equation of reaction Symbolic writing of chemical reaction C 4
To equilibrate (to Put coefficients in front of chemical expressions of the reactive and
Equilibrer une raction
balance) a reaction products to respect the law of conservation of atoms C 4
Erlenmeyer Erlenmeyer Cone-shaped container used in chemistry C 5
Evaporation Evaporation Slow transformation of a liquid into vapour from the surface. C 5
Evaporer (s') To evaporate Be slowly transformed into steam. C 5
Dark grey metal, attracted by a magnet, and becoming covered with
Fer Iron rust after exposure to humid air. Chemical expression: Fe C 3
Filtrat Filtrate Product resulting from filtering C 5
Separation of the solid particles in suspension in a heterogeneous
Filtration Filtration, filtering mixture often with the aid of filter paper. C 5
Used when mixing accurate concentrations of solutions. Each flask
Fiole jauge Volumetric flask has a volume marking which is very exact and a stopper so that it can C 5
be shaken to mix the solution.
Gathering in form of small flakes, of very fine solid particles in
Floculation Floculation suspension in water C 5
Fondre To melt Pass from the solid state to the liquid state C 5
Fume Smoke Mixture of fine solid particles in suspension in a gas C 5
Fusion Melting, fusion Passage from the solid state to the liquid state C 5
Gaz Gas Compressible and expansible formless material C 5
Gas produced during all processes of combustion. Chemical
Gaz carbonique Carbon dioxide expression: CO2. It is responsible for the greenhouse effect C 5
Givre Frost Ice deposited on objects, acquired by solidification of a mist C 5
Glace Ice Solid form of water C 5
Goutte (goutte goutte) Drop (drop by drop) Small quantity of a liquid in a round form. C 5
Graphique Graph Graphic presentation of the variations of a measurable greatness C 5
Grle Hail Solid haste constituted of small mass of ice C 5
Gas of liquefied oil. Fuel used for car motors. It is a mixture of propane
GPL GLP and butane. C 5
Very light, not inflammable gas. It is used in sounding balloon, and to
Hlium Helium accomplish very low temperatures. C 5
A blend of several constituents which can be differentiated by the
Htrogne Heterogeneous naked eye C 4
A blend of several constituents which can not be differentiated by the
Homogne Homogeneous naked eye C 5
Perpendicular direction in the vertical direction given by a thread with
Horizontal Horizontal lead C 5
A salt that contains water of crystallization. (It is hydrated). The salt
Hydrate Hydrate becomes an anhydrate if the water is removed. C 5
Hydrat Hydrous Substance that contains water C 5
Very light, inflammable, uncolored and scentless gas. It is the most
Hydrogne Hydrogen abounding element in the world, particularly in stars and interstellar C 5
material.
State of a chemical component which issues light when strongly
Incandescence Incandescence heated C 5
Insoluble Insoluble Which does not dissolve in a given solvent C 5
Introduire To put in To introduce C 5
Holder of load in a solution, resulting from an atom or a group of
Ion Ion atoms having lost or gained one or several electrons C 5
Limpide Limpid Which is perfectly transparent C 3
Liqufaction Liquefaction Passage from the gaseous state to the liquid state C 5
State of the material not having a clear form, and the volume of which
Liquide Liquid is invariable C 5
Masse Mass Quantity of material measuring scales C 5
Masse volumique Volumic mass Mass of the unit of volume C
Mlange Mixture, mix Which contains several substances. C 5
Blend the different constituents of which they cannot differentiate in
Mlange homogne Homogeneous mixture the bare eye C 5
Blend two constituents of which they can differentiate at least in the
mlange htrogne Heterogeneous mixture bare eye C 5
Mixture of ice and certain substances, for instance ice and marine salt,
Mlange rfrigrant freezing mixture which produces a big cold. C 5
Mnisque (le bas du -, le Meniscus (the foot of-,
haut du - ) the top of-)
Surface bent by some liquid in contact with air C 5
Mtal Metal It is a class of materials. These are elements, drivers of electricity. C 5
Mthane Methane Gas used as fuel (city gas) . The molecule has as expression CH4. C 4
Miscible Mixible Two liquids are miscible when they form a homogeneous mixture C 5
Molculaire Molecular Which belongs to a molecule C 3
Molcule Molecule Grouping of atoms linked between them C 3
Scentless, uncolored, very toxic gas. It is produced during incomplete
Monoxyde de carbone Carbon monoxide combustion C 5
Elementary motif, basic Party of the graphic presentation of the volution in the course of the
Motif lmentaire
motif time of a periodical phenomenon C 3
Incapable of being mixed or blended together. Immiscible liquids that
Non miscible Immiscible are shaken together eventually separate into layers. Oil and water are C 5
immiscible
A visible body of very fine water droplets or ice particles suspended
Nuage Cloud in the atmosphere at altitudes ranging up to several miles above sea C 5
level
Opaque Opaque Does not allow any light to pass through C 5
Palier de temprature Temperature dwell Time during which a temperature does not change C 5
Pollu Polluted Made unclean or impure; contaminated C 5
Potable Drinkable (potable) It can be drunk without any damage to health C 5
Prcipit Precipitate A solid separated from a solution C 4
Rfrigrant Condenser A piece of laboratory glassware used to cool hot vapours or liquids C 5
Technique for extracting a gas dissolved in a liquid by collecting it in a
Recueillir un gaz par Collecting gas over
dplacement d'eau water
container previously filled with water : the gas progressively replaces C 5
the water in the container

Matter remaining after completion of a chemical or physical process,


Rsidu Residue such as evaporation, combustion, distillation, or filtration. C 4

Droplets of water deposited on grass in the morning due to the


Rose Dew condensation of atmospheric moisture C 5
Salin Saline Containing salt C 5
Solution saline Saline solution Solution containing salt C 3
saturated (see saturated A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that the
Satur
solution) solvent can dissolve at a given temperature C 5
Saumure Brine Very salty water C 5
A state of matter. A substance having a definite shape and volume;
Solide Solid one that is neither liquid nor gaseous C 5
The process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or
Solidification Solidification crystallization C 5
A substance that is dissolved in another substance (a solvent),
Solut Solute forming a solution C 5
Solution Solution The dissolution of a solute into a solvent forms a solution C 5
Solution aqueuse Aqueous solution In an aqueous solution the solvent is water C 5
Solution sature Saturated solution A solution in which it is not possible to dissolve more solute C 5
A substance, usually a liquid, in which another substance is
Solvant Solvent dissolved, forming a solution. C 5
The process of changing from a solid to a gas without passing
Sublimation Sublimation through an intermediate liquid phase C 5
Grey-white powder used to identify the presence of water in a
Sulfate de cuivre Anhydrous Copper (II)
anhydre Sulphate
substance. When water is detected the colour of the powder changes C 5
to blue.
Surface libre Free surface A boundary between two homogeneous fluids. C 5
A dispersion of fine solid or liquid particles in a fluid. Particles in a
Suspension Suspension suspension precipitate if the suspension is allowed to stand C 5
undisturbed.
Symbole chimique Chemical Symbol Letter or group of letters representing a chemical element C 4
Physical property that is measured with a thermometer. The unit often
Temprature Temperature employed is the Degree Celsius (C). The SI unit is the Kelvin (0 C = C 5
273.16 K)
Thermomtre Thermometer Device allowing temperature measurement C 5
Transparent Transparent A substance or object that allows all the light to pass through. C 5
An instrument or apparatus that utilizes a vacuum to draw up gases or
Trompe eau Water aspirator granular materials. C 5
Vapeur d'eau Steam Gaseous form of water C 5
Vaporisation (or
Vaporisation
vaporization)
Transition from liquid state to gas state C 5
Volume Volume The volume of an object is the space that this object occupies C 5
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Franais Anglais Dfinition Col/lyc

Alimentation - electric power supply-


Gnrateurs Generators
Source of electrical energy. C
Alternateur Alternator Device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. C
Ampre (A) Ampere or amp (A) The SI unit of current. 1 A = 1 C/s. C
An instrument that measures the strength of an electric current, in
Ampremtre Ammeter amperes C
Ampremtre Ammeter An instrument that measures electrical current in amperes, C
Ampoule en verre glass bulb An incandescent lamp or its glass housing C
Appareils mnagers Household appliances Machines made for a particular purpose C
Approvisionner To supply To make available for use; provide C
Armatures du Simple capacitors consist of two plates made of an electrically
condensateur
Plates of the capacitor conducting material L
a combination of two or more cells electrically connected to work
Batterie Battery together to produce electric energy. C
A number of turns of current-carrying wire, produced by wrapping the
Bobine Coil wire around a shaped piece of material (a former). L
Bobine plate Flat coil A coil of wires whose length is small in comparison with its diameter. L
Calibrer, talonner To calibrate To check, adjust, or determine by comparison with a standard C
Capacit d'un Capacitance of a Capacitance (symbol C) is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store
condensateur capacitor charge L
The current I which flows through the component is plotted along the
Caractristique d'un Characteristic of a
diple dipole
x-axis, and the potential difference between the terminals of the L
component along the y-axis.
A substance that produces useful energy when it undergoes a
Carburant/ combustible fuel chemical or nuclear reaction C
Hydrocarbon deposits derived from living matter of a previous
Carburants fossile fossil fuels geological time and used as fuel C
An electrical generating station. Produces electricity for domestic and
Centrale lectrique Power station industrial use thanks to large generators. C
Hydro-electric power The place where electricity is produced by falling water driving a
Centrale hydraulique
station turbine C
Centrale thermique Thermal power station A power station that is operated by burning coal, oil or gas C
A region of space characterized by the existence of a force F
Champ lectrique E Electric field E generated by electric charge q L
Fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the
Charbon Coal Carboniferous period C

Charge lectrique q Electric charge q The symbol q is often used to denote a quantity of electricity or charge C puis L
Circuit Circuit A conductive loop along which electricity passes C
a complete electrical circuit around which current flows or a signal
Circuit ferm Closed circuit (loop) circulates C
An electrical circuit that has a break preventing current from flowing
Circuit ouvert Open(broken) circuit. through. C
Compagnie de Electric utilities are tied together by transmission lines into large
l'lctricit
Electrical power utility systems called power grids C
Electrical component A device that uses or produces electricity and is used in electrical
Composant lectrique
(element) circuits. C
An electricity meter or energy meter is a device that measures the
Compteur lectrique Electricity meter amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, C
business or machine
A device that stores charge: It often consists of two conductors
Condensateur Capacitor separated by an insulator or dielectric. L

Condensateurs When capacitors are connected in parallel we can add their


branchs en drivation
Capacitors in parallel capacitances. L

Condensateurs When capacitors are connected in series we can add the inverse of
branchs en srie
Capacitors in series their capacitances. L
An electrical component designed to introduce a known value of
Conducteur ohmique Resistor resistance into a circuit. C
A material containing a large number of charges (electrons) which are
Conductor Conductor free to move: it can therefore conduct electricity. For example: C
aluminium, copper, gold.
Connecter des fils To connect wires To join, link, or fasten together C
Conservation de la A principle stating that the total electric charge of an isolated system
charge
Conservation of charge remains constant regardless of changes within the system. L
Coulomb C Coulomb C The SI unit of electric charge. L
Coupure de courant Power failure (cut) Equipment failure resulting when the supply of power fails C
Alternating current i An electric current that repeatedly changes its direction or strength,
Courant alternatif i
(AC) usually at a certain frequency or range of frequencies, C
Electrical current which flows in one direction only, and doesn't
Courant continu I Direct current I (DC) depend on time. C
A low-resistance connection between two points in an electric circuit
Courant driv Shunt current that forms an alternative path for a portion of the current
A component is short-circuited when its two terminals are connected
Court-circuit short circuit by a wire. C
A low-resistance connection established by accident or intention
Court-circuiter To short circuit between two points in an electric circuit C
Dcrire une chane To describe an energy
nergtique chain
Translation C
DEL (diode LED (Light Emitting A diode with a higher resistance than normal, in which light is
electroluminescente) Diode) produced instead of heat. C
A conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to
Drivation (en parallle) Shunt divert a fraction of the current
Development that meets the needs of the present without
Sustainable
Dveloppement durable
development
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own C
needs.

Diffrence de potentiel The potential difference between two points A and B is the work done
ou tension (entre 2 Potential difference
against electrical forces in carrying a unit positive charge from A to B.
points) UAB (p.d) or voltage As the work, it's a scalar quantity which can C
(between two points) be positive or negative
= VB - VA
Diodes have two active electrodes between which the signal of
interest may flow.The most common function of a diode is to allow an
Diode Diode electric current to pass in one direction (called the forward biased C
condition) and to block it in the opposite direction (the reverse biased
condition).
Safety device in domestic electric installations which stops the circuit
Disjoncteur Circuit breaker if the current is too large. C
Energy stored in a capacitor is reversibly reconvertible into some
Energie stocke dans un Energy stored in a
condensateur capacitor
other form, The energy (measured in joules) stored in a capacitor is L
equal to the work done to charge it
energy generated from natural resources--such as sunlight, wind, rain,
Energies renouvelables Renewable energies tides and geothermal heat--which are renewable C
a coil is formed when a conductor (usually an insulated solid copper
Enroulement de fils/
Coil wire) is wound around a core or form to create an inductor or
bobine electromagnet
Eolienne Windmill A turbine that is powered by the wind C
the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the
Etalonnage Calibration accuracy of a measuring instrument C
To be connected across
Etre branch du 220 V
220 V.
Exploiter l'nergie To harness energy Energy brought under control and put to use C
A narrow stream of electrons moving in the same direction, all having
Faisceau d'lectrons A beam of electrons about the same velocity
Farads (F) Farad (F) The SI unit of capacitance L
Fil de connection (en Connection (copper)
cuivre) wire
Copper wire used to join, link, or fasten together C
A fine wire that gives off radiation when an electric current is passed
Filament Filament through it, usually to provide light, as in an incandescent bulb, or to C
provide heat, as in a vacuum tube
To provide energy, to
Fournir de l'nergie
power
To provide energy so that work is done C
Frquence Frequency The number of oscillations which occur in one second. C
Electric device which melts in order to break the circuit if the current
Fusible Fuse through it becomes too large C
An instrument used to detect, measure, and determine the direction of
Galvanomtre Galvanometer small electric currents by means of mechanical effects produced by a
current-carrying coil in a magnetic field
Herz (Hz) Herz(Hz) The SI unit of frequency. 1 Hz = 1 s -1. C
A device, normally mechanical, which is used to close or open (break)
Interrupteur Switch a circuit. C
Isolant Insulator A material with very few or no charges (electrons) free to move. C
Joule (J) Joule (J) The SI unit of energy. C
The quantum of charge The magnitude of the smallest charge ever measured is denoted by e
La charge lmentaire e
e (the quantum of charge) L

La charge est quantifie Charge is quantized All free charges are integer multiples of e L
If two charged bodies of different potential are connected using a
La circulation des conductor, a flow of charges takes place. Charges will flow as long as
charges
The flow of charges there is potential difference between the two bodies. This rate of flow C
of electric charge is called 'electric current'
La force lectromotrice The electromotive force A source of energy that can cause a current to flow in an electrical
(fem) (emf) circuit or device C
La lampe claire The lamp lights up The device that produces illumination will give off light. C
The fundamental law of electrostatics stating that the force between
two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their
La loi de Coulomb Coulomb's law charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance L
between them.

The law stating that the direct current flowing in a conductor is


directly proportional to the potential difference between its ends. It is
La loi d'Ohm Ohm's law usually formulated as V = IR, where V is the potential difference, or C
voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance of the conductor

La neutre Neutral A grounded current carrying wire in an electrical system C


The live wire in an AC electrical circuit refers to the wire (in a single-
La phase Live phase system) which carries an oscillating voltage with respect to the C
earth
La puissance dissipe
The power loss in a The Joule effect is a thermal effect and the dissipated power is given
par effet Joule dans une
resistor by Joule effect by the formula : P=UI=RI2=U2/R L
rsistance
The power delivered by an energy source as it carries a charge q
La puissance lectrique Electrical power (P) through a potential rise U in a period of time Dt is: P = W/Dt = L
qxU/Dt=UI
La rsistance R du The resistance R of the It represents the ability of an object to resist the flow of current. The
conducteur ohmique resistor resistance R is given by Ohm's Law: R=U/I C
La terre Earth wire A wire which is connected to the earth terminal in an electrical device. C
Lampe Lamp A device that produces light C
L'ampremtre affiche
The ammeter shows an An ammeter is an instrument that measures electric current in
une intensit de 0,5
intensity of 0.5 amps. amperes, for example, 0.5 amps C
ampre (par exemple).
The ammeter is connected in the circuit in series because it
L'ampremtre doit tre An ammeter must be
branch en srie connected in series
has low resistance and the voltage is connected in parallel C
because it has high resistance
An instrument designed to measure electrical quantities. A typical
multimeter can measure alternating- and direct-current potential
Le multimtre Multimeter differences (voltages), current, and resistance, with several full-scale C
ranges provided for each quantity.
The current flows in a circuit which is a closed loop, consisting of a
Le courant circule The current flows source of potential difference and one or more components. C
Le courant circule dans The current flows
le rcepteur through the receiver
C
Electrical current is a measure of the amount of electrical charge
Le courant dlivr par le The current drawn by
gnrateur the power supply
transferred per unit time. It represents the flow of electrons through a C
conductive material from the power source
Le courant du secteur Mains electricity Electricity supplied to our homes from the National Grid C
The voltmeter must be
Le voltmtre doit tre connected in parallel
branch en drivation (across the terminals of
C
the component)
When current flows through a component which has a resistance, the
L'effet Joule the Joule effect component heats up. C
The work required to transfer a charge q through a potential difference
L'nergie lectrique Electrical work (W) U is given by: W (in J) = q (in C) x U (in V) L
the terminals (or the
Les bornes d'un diple
ends) of a component
C
Les circuits sont
House circuits are so
construits de manire
constructed that each
connecter chaque
device is connected in
appareil mnager en
parallel with the others
parallle.
Ligne de transmission Transmission lines Process of transferring electric energy from one point to another in an
de haute tension (cables) electrical power system C
L'intensit I du courant Intensity I (amperage) of If a charge q is transported through a given cross section of the wire
lectrique the electric current
in a period of time Dt: I = q/Dt. It's the rate of C
flow of electric charge.

Loi des mailles Kirchhoff's loop (or


The algebraic sum of the voltages in a loop (closed circuit) is equal to
(seconde loi de circuit) rule (Kirchhoff's zero.
Kirchhoff) second law)

Loi des nuds Kirchhoff's node (or


The sum of all the current coming into a node must equal the sum of
(premire loi de junction) rule all the current leaving that node. C
Kirchhoff) (Kirchhoff's first law)
Maille Loop A closed circuit. C
To measure the
Mesurer la tension ses
bornes
potential difference C
between its terminals.
Unbroken path along which an electric current exists or is intended or
Montage Circuitry able to flow C
A machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy
Moteur Motor and so imparts motion C
A galvanometer combined with the shunts and multipliers necessary
Multimtre Multimeter to measure current I and potential differences. C
Nud Node (or junction) A point where three or more current-carrying wires or branches meet. C
Ohm (W) Ohm (W) The SI unit for resistance, symbol W (Greek omega). C
Ohmmtre Ohmmeter Device used to measure the resistance of a resistor. C
Instrument with a fluorescent screen used to visualize the tension
Oscilloscope Oscilloscope between the terminals of a component versus time. C
An electrical device consisting of a large array of connected solar
Panneaux solaires Solar panels cells C
Resistance in a circuit converts electric energy into heat energy. The
amount of heat per second that develops in a wire carrying a current
Pertes d'nergie par Power losses by Joule
effet Joule effect
is proportional to the electrical resistance of the wire and the square L
of the current. The heat evolved per second is equivalent to the
electrical power absorbed, or the power loss.
The common name for the alkane hydrocarbons with the general
Ptrole Crude oil formula CnH2n+2 C
Photopile Solar cell Device which directly converts light into electric current. C
Pile Cell Two plates of different metals separated by a electrolyte C
This point corresponds to particular values of U and I in a circuit when
Point de fonctionnement Operating point the current flows. C
Potentiel absolu (en un Absolute potential (at a The absolute potential in a point A is the work done against electrical
point A): VA point A): VA forces in carrying a unit positive charge from infinity to A. L
Protg contre les
courts-circuits
Short-circuit-proof C
The act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the
Rglage fin Accurate adjustment accuracy of a measuring instrument C
Rglage grossier Coarse adjustment Adjustment without great accuracy C
Rseau de distribution Distribution network of A system of cables which deliver electric power from its point of
d'lectricit electricity generation to the end users C

Rsistance quivalente Equivalent resistance The equivalent resistance is called Req. L


The formula is given as : 1/Req=1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 The equivalent
Rsistances en
drivation
Resistors in parallel resistance in parallel is always less than the smallest of the individual L
resistances.
The formula is given as : Req=R1+R2+R3+in a series combination (it
is assumed that all connection wires are effectively resistanceless).
Rsistances en sries Resistors in series The equivalent resistance in parallel is always greater than the largest L
of the individual resistances.

By custom, the direction of the current I is taken to be in the direction


of flow of positive charge, the opposite direction of the flow of
electrons. The direction of the current I outside
Sens du courant I Direction of the current I the generator, in the circuit, is from high potential (positive terminal +) C
to low potential (negative terminal -). The direction of
the flow of electrons is contrary to the above.

The displacement of the electron beam at the target or screen of a


Sensibilit Deflection sensitivity cathode-ray tube per unit of change in the deflection field C
Solnode Solenoid A coil whose length is large in comparison to its diameter. L
The general method and specific techniques for storing energy
Stockage de l'nergie Energy storage derived from some primary source in a form convenient for use at a C
later time.
Tension alternative Alternating sinusoidal
sinusodale tension
C
Transformateur Transformers They increase or decrease potential differences. L
Un canon lectron An electron gun in a TV The part of an electron tube, esp. a cathode-ray tube, that emits,
dans un tlviseur set accelerates, and controls a beam of electrons

A closed electrical circuit in which the current divides into two or more
Un circuit en drivation A circuit in parallel paths before recombining to complete the circuit. C
An electric circuit connected so that current passes through each
Un circuit srie A series circuit circuit element in turn without branching. C

Un conducteur ohmique
rsistance variable
A variable resistor A device whose resistance can be changed mechanically. C

1, A mechanical variable resistor, or 2, an instrument for measuring an


Un potentiomtre A potentiometer unknown voltage by comparison with a known voltage, such as that of L
a generator.

Un rheostat A rheostat A continuously variable electrical resistor used to regulate current. C


A building or group of buildings with facilities for the manufacture of
Usine Factory goods C
Root-mean-square (rms) This is the most common mathematical method of defining the
Valeur efficace
value effective voltage or current of an AC wave. L
An average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the
Valeur moyenne Mean value numbers and dividing by some function of n L
The value of some property (such as resistance, capacitance, or
Valeur nominale Nominal value impedance) of a device at which it is supposed to operate, under C
normal conditions, as opposed to actual value
The SI unit of potential difference U (from the Italian physician Volta)
Volt Volt 1 V = 1 J/C C
Device used to measure the potential difference U (it has a high-
Voltmtre Voltmeter resistance) C
Voltmtre Voltmeter An instrument for measuring potential differences in volts C
Watt (W) Watt (W) The SI unit of power. C
2 charges lectriques de 2 charges which have
mme signe se the same sign repel two electric charges having the same sign repel one another L
repoussent each other
2 charges which have
2 charges lectriques de
signe oppos s'attirent
opposite signs attract two electric charges having opposite signs attract one another L
each other
Niveau Partie Nature du mot

5 El Composant

3 El Composant
4 El unit

4 El matriel

4 El Appareil
5 El Composant
5 El
5 El
T El Composant

5 El Composant

T El Composant

T El Composant

4 El Action lors d'un TP

T El Grandeur

T El

4 El
3 El
3 El
3 El
3 El
T El Grandeur

3 El

4 puis 2 El Grandeur

5 El
4 El Expression

4 El Expression

3 El

4 El Matriel

3 El Appareil

T El Composant

T El Expression

T El Expression

5 El Composant lectrique

5 El
4 El Action lors d'un TP
2 El Expression

2 El Unit
3 El
3 El Grandeur

4 El Grandeur

El Expression

5 El
5 El Expression

3 El

3 El Composant

El Expression

3 El

4 El Grandeur

3 El Composant

3 El Appareil
T El Expression

3 El

El Composant

3 El
4 El

El Expression

3 El Expression

El
T El Unit

4 El Composant

Elment d'un
5 El composant

3 El Expression

3 El Grandeur

5 El Composant

El Composant

3 El unit

4 El Composant

5 El
3 El unit
2 El Grandeur

2 El Expression

4 El Expression

4 El Grandeur

5 El Expression

1S El Loi

4 El Loi

3 El
3 El

1 El Expression

1 El Grandeur

5 El Grandeur

3 El
4 El Composant
4 El Expression

4 El Expression

4 El

4 El Expression

4 El Expression

4 El Expression

3 El Expression

4 El Expression

3 El
1 El Grandeur

5 El Expression

El Expression

3 El
4 El Grandeur

El Loi

4 El Loi

4 El

4 El Action lors d'un TP

4 El
4 El Composant

4 El Appareil

4
4 El Unit
4 El Matriel

4 El Matriel

1S El

3 El
5 El Composant
5 El Composant

4 El

1 El Grandeur

5 El Expression

4 El Expression

4 El Expression

3 El

1S El

1S El

1S El

4 El Convention

4 El
T El Composant

3 El Expression

3 El Grandeur
1S El Composant

El

5 El Expression

5 El Expression

5 El Composant lectrique

1S El Composant lectrique

5 El Composant lectrique

3 El
T El
T El

4 El

4 El Unit

4 El Matriel

4 El Appareil
3 El unit

2 El Expression

2 El Expression
Franais Anglais Dfinition Col/lyc Niveau

absorber to absorb To take in and retain (light) C 4


absorption absorption The process of absorbing C 4
align aligned The adjustment of an object in relation with other objects C 5
anne de lumire light year The distance travelled by light in a vacuum in one year C 4
An optical and meteorological phenomena that cause a spectrum of
arc-en-ciel rainbow light to appear in the sky when the Sun shines onto droplets of C 4
moisture in the Earth's atmosphere
astre celestial body Any natural object in space C 5
axe de rotation rotation axis The centre around which something rotates C 5
axe optique optical axis A direction along which there is some degree of rotational symmetry C 4
bleu blue Blue colour or pigment C 4
The internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope
calendrier grgorien Gregorian calendar Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named C 5
The solar calendar introduced in Rome in 46 b.c. by Julius Caesar
calendrier Julien Julian calendar establishing the 12-month year of 365 days C 5
carton cardboard A stiff moderately thick paper C 5
That part of the central nervous system that is located within the
cerveau brain cranium (skull). The brain functions as the primary receiver, organizer C 4
and distributor of information for the body
A darkened enclosure in which images of outside objects are
chambre noire camera obscura projected through a small aperture or lens onto a facing surface C 5
The expanse of air over any given point on the earth; the upper
ciel sky atmosphere as seen from the earth's surface C 5
circulaire circular Round: having a circular shape C 5
made up from/composed Made up from/composed of
compose
of
C 4

cne d'ombre shadow cone Umbra and penumbra. The area shadowed behind an object C 5
The transparent membrane over the front of the eyeball, covering the
corne cornea iris and pupil C 4
An attribute of things that results from the light they reflect, transmit,
couleurs colours or emit in so far as this light causes a visual sensation that depends C
on its wavelengths
The biconvex transparent elastic stucture in the eye situated behind
cristallin crystalline lens the iris C 4

croissant de Lune crescent moon A crescent moon is part way between a half moon and a new moon C 5
cyan cyan A greenish blue, one of the subtractive primary colours C 4
dcomposition de la
lumire blanche
dispersion of light Separation of visible light into colours by refraction or diffraction C 4

dfaut de l'il eye impediment An organic defect preventing clear vision C 4


dernier croissant de
Lune
waning crescent moon The biconcave shape of the moon in its first or last quarters C 5

dviation de la lumire deflection of light Light is deflected C 4


To turn or cause to turn aside from a course. Change orientation or
dvier to deflect direction C 4
The length of a straight line passing through the centre of a circle and
diamtre diameter connecting two points on the circumference C 5
diffuser to diffuse To spread or cause to spread in all directions. C 5
diffusion diffusion The process of diffusing C 5
The unit of measure used to define eye correction or the refractive
dioptrie diopter power of a lens C 4
distance focale focal distance The distance from a lens to its focus C 4
A momentary flash of light produced by an electrical discharge
clair spark through the air C 5
clair lighted Exposed to light C 5
clairer to light To expose to light C 5
ring-shaped eclipse/ A solar eclipse in which the moon covers all but a bright ring around
clipse annulaire
annular eclipse the circumference of the sun. C 5

clipse de Lune lunar eclipse The earth interrupts light shining on the moon C 5
clipse de Soleil solar eclipse The moon interrupts light from the sun C 5
clipse partielle partial eclipse An eclipse in which the eclipsed body is only partially obscured C 5
clipse totale total eclipse An eclipse in which the entire surface of a celestial body is obscured C 5
A white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for
cran screen viewing C 5
elliptique elliptic In the form of an ellipse C 5
loigner to move away Move away C 4
A celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from
etoile star thermonuclear reactions in the interior C 5
face cache hidden face The part that is not seen C 5
face de la Lune face of the Moon The side of the Moon that faces Earth C 5
A ray or collection of parallel rays emitted from the sun or other
faisceau de lumire beam of light luminous body C 5
fente slot A narrow opening; a groove or slit C 4
filtre filter An optical device that blocks radiations of certain frequencies C 4
The zone of burning gases associated with rapid combustion; a hot,
flamme flame glowing mass of burning gas or vapour C 5
foyer d'une lentille focus of a lens Point of convergence of light C 4
fume smoke A cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas C 5
galaxie galaxy A collection of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity C 5
gouttelettes d'eau droplets of water Droplets of water C 4
gouttes d'eau drops of water Drops of water C 4
humeur aqueuse aqueous humor The watery fluid within the eyeball between the cornea and the lens C 4
Transparent gelatinous substance that fills the interior of the eyeball
humeur vitre vitreous humor between the lens and the retina C 4
Able to see distant objects better than objects at close range.
hypermtrope farsighted Suffering from hyperopia C 4
An abnormal condition of the eye in which vision is better for distant
objects than for near objects. It results from the eyeball being too
hypermtropie hyperopia short from front to back, causing images to be focused behind the C 4
retina
image image A physical likeness or representation of something made visible C 4
image floue hazy image Indistinct or hazy in outline C 4
image nette neat image A sharp, clearly defined image C 4
inclinaison incline To deviate from the horizontal or vertical C 5
indigo indigo A shade of blue C 4
The coloured muscular diaphragm that surrounds and controls the
iris iris size of the pupil C 4
jaune yellow The colour of the visible spectrum between orange and green C 4
Jupiter Jupiter The largest planet and the 5th from the sun C 5
la Terre Earth The third planet from the Sun C 5
The galaxy containing the solar system, visible as a broad band of
la Voie Lacte Milky Way faint light in the night sky C 4
laisser passer to let pass To let pass C 4
lampe de poche torch A light usually carried in the hand C 5
A piece of glass or other transparent material, used to converge or
lentille lens diverge transmitted light and form optical images C 4
lentille convergente convex lens Piece of glass used to converge transmitted light C 4
lentille divergente divergent lens Piece of glass used to diverge transmitted light C 4
The region beyond the earth's atmosphere containing the other
l'espace Space planets of the solar system, stars, galaxies, etc C 4
Lines traced from a point travelling in a constant direction, with no
lignes droites straight lines curvature C 5

loupe magnifying glass A lens or combination of lenses that enlarges the image of an object C 4
lumire de la lune moonlit Lighted by light reflected from the surface of the moon C 5
lunaison lunar month The period between new moons or full moons (29,531 days) C 5
Lune Moon The natural satellite of the Earth C 5
Lune descendante waning moon The moon at any time after full moon and before new moon C 5
Lune gibbeuse gibbous moon The moon when it is more than half but less than fully illuminated C 5
The moon at any time after new moon and before full moon, so called
Lune montante waxing moon because its illuminated area is increasing C 5
Lune rousse April moon C 5
lunette astronomique astronomical glass Optical glass used for astronomy C 4
magenta magenta A dark purple-red colour C 4
Mars Mars The fourth planet from the Sun C 5
masquer to hide To hide C 5
matriaux materials Substances C 5
Mercure Mercury The planet closest to the Sun C 5
Any of the small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the earth's
mtorite meteor atmosphere C 5
homogeneous
milieu homogne
environment
Uniform in structure or composition throughout C 4
A surface capable of reflecting sufficient undiffused light to form an
miroir mirror image of an object placed in front of it. C 5

mouvement de rotation rotational motion Rotation around a fixed axis C 5

myope shortsighted Unable to see distant objects clearly. Suffering from myopia. C 4
The inability to see distance objects clearly. A visual defect in which
distant objects appear blurred because their images are focused in
myopie myopia front of the retina rather than on it; nearsightedness. Also called short C 4
sight.

Neptune Neptune The eighth planet from the Sun C 5


Either of the second pair of cranial nerves, which carry sensory
nerf optique optic nerve information relating to vision from the retina of the eye to the brain. C 4

Phase of the moon occurring when it lies between the earth and the
Nouvelle Lune new moon sun C 5
objet clair light object C 5
objet diffusant diffusing object C 5
Promotes the change in direction of a wave, such as a light or sound
objet rflchissant reflecting object wave, away from a boundary the wave encounters C 5
objet sombre dark object C 5
obscurit darkness Having little or no light C 5
il de l'observateur eye of observer Seen from the perspective of the person observing C 5
An area that is not or is only partially irradiated or illuminated
ombre porte shadow because of the interception of radiation by an opaque object between C 5
the area and the source of radiation
opaque opaque Not transmitting or reflecting light or radiant energy C 5
optique optics The branch of physics that studies the physical properties of light C 5
orbite lunaire moon orbit The path followed by the Moon around the Earth C 5
orbite terrestre earth orbit The path followed by the Earth around the Sun C 5
pnombre feeble light Lacking in force, strength C 5
One of the recurring shapes of the portion of the Moon illuminated by
phases de Lune phases of moon the Sun C 5
plan de l'cliptique ecliptic plane The plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun C 5
Any celestial body (other than comets or satellites) that revolves
plante planet around a star C 5
plante gazeuse gaseous planet Planets with a composition largely made up of gaseous material C 5
Planets that are similar to Earth, with bodies largely composed of
plante tellurique terrestrial planet rock C 5
The phase of the moon occurring when the Earth lies between the
Pleine Lune full moon Sun and the Moon C 5
A dwarf planet that until 2006 was classified as the ninth planet in our
Pluton Pluto solar sytem C 5
poussire dust Fine particles of solid material C 5
poussire de craie chalk dust Dust resulting from writing with a piece of chalk C 5
Abnormal condition in which vision for distant objects is better than
presbyte longsighted for near objects C 4
A reduced ability to focus on near objects caused by loss of elasticity
presbytie presbyopia of the crystalline lens C 4
A transparent polygonal solid for dispersing light into a spectrum
prisme prism light C 4
rectilinear/ straight
propagation rectiligne
propagation
In a homogenous transparent medium light travels in a straight line C 5

pupille pupil The contractile aperture in the centre of the iris of the eye C 4
quart de Lune quarter-moon Either of the intermediate stages between the new and full moons C 5
A phase of the Moon just before and after the new moon, when only a
quartier de Lune crescent moon thin curved section is lighted by the Sun C 5
rayon de lumire ray of light A thin line or narrow beam of light or other radiant energy C 5
renvers turned upside down So that the upper or right side is down C 4
An optical component with a regular pattern, which splits and
rseau de diffraction diffraction grating diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions C 4
The innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the
rtine retina eyeball C 4
rvolution d'une The motion of a planet in a curved line or orbit, until it returns to the
plante
revolution of a planet same point C 5
rotation rotation The act or process of turning around a centre or an axis C 5
rouge red Red colour or pigment C 4
Any celestial body orbiting around a planet or star, or man-made
satellite satellite equipment that orbits around the Earth C 5
Saturne Saturn The 6th planet from the sun C 5
The star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar
Soleil Sun system C 5
source de lumire A source of light in which the light is produced by a transformation of
primaire
primary light source energy C 5

source de lumire
secondaire
secondary light source Light that is a source of artificial illumination C 5
The distribution of colours produced when light is dispersed by a
spectre lumineux spectrum of light prism or diffraction grating C 4
spectroscope spectroscope An instrument for producing and observing spectra C 4
A three-dimensional closed surface such that every point on the
sphre sphere surface is equidistant from the centre C 5
superposer superimpose To place on something else C 4
superposition superimposition The placing of one image on top of another C 4
A synthesis method that builds complex waveforms by combining
synthse additive additive synthesis sine waves whose frequencies and amplitudes are independently C 4
variable
A method of subtracting harmonic content from a sound via sound
synthse soustractive subtractive synthesis synthesis, characterised by the application of an audio filter to an C 4
audio signal
The sun together with the eight planets and all other celestial bodies
systme solaire solar system that orbit the sun C 5
An arrangement of lenses or mirrors or both that gathers visible light,
tlescope telescope permitting direct observation of distant objects C 4
trajet de la lumire light path The path taken between two points by a ray of light C 5
transmettre to transmit To pass from one place to another C 4
transmise transmitted (light) Light that has been transmitted through a transparent medium C 4
transparent transparent Permitting the uninterrupted passage of light C 5
trous holes Openings into or through something C 5
All matter and energy, including the earth, the galaxies, and the
Univers Universe contents of intergalactic space, regarded as a whole C 5
Uranus Uranus The planet seventh in order of distance from the Sun C 5
Venus Venus The planet second in order of distance from the Sun C 5
The inward or outward turning movement of the eyes in convergence
vergence vergence or divergence C 4
Transparent or translucent noncrystalline solid, consisting of metal
verre glass silicates compounds C 5
vert green Green colour or pigment C 4
viser to aim at To direct toward an intended target C 5
visibilit visibility The condition or fact of being visible C 5
visible visible Capable of being perceived by the eye C 5
zone d'ombre dark area A dark area has limited light sources, making things hard to see C 5
Opaque opaque Does not allow any light to pass through C 5
Partie Nature du mot

Opt
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Opt
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Opt grandeur
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Franais Anglais Dfinition Col/lyc

Acclration Acceleration Increase of speed or velocity C


Acclrer To accelerate To increase the speed of. To move or act faster C
Acqurir de l'nergie To gain energy An increase in energy as a result of physical or chemical change C
action rciproque reciprocal action A relation of mutual dependence C
Agir To act The process of doing C
Agir (sur) To act on. To have an effect on C
The height of a thing above a reference level, especially above sea
altitude altitude level or above the earth's surface C
astrode minor planet (asteroid) Small celestial body that moves around a sun C
astronaute astronaut A person trained to travel in a spacecraft C
astronome astronomer A physicist who studies astronomy C
attirer to attract To cause to draw near or adhere by physical force C
Augmentation (de) Increase (in) Greater or larger C
Augmenter To increase. To become greater or larger C
A system of ordered marks at fixed intervals used as a reference
balance scale standard in measurement C
Barrage Weir A low dam built across a stream to raise its level or divert its flow C
Centre de gravit Centre of gravity Point through which the Earth's gravitational force acts on the object. C
The point at which the mass of a system could be concentrated
Centre de masse Centre of mass without affecting the behaviour of the system under the action of C
external linear forces
The field of force surrounding a body of finite mass in which another
body would experience an attractive force that is proportional to the
champ de gravitation gravitational field product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the C
distance between them

chute fall To drop or come down freely under the influence of gravity C
Chute d'eau Waterfall A steep descent of water from a height; a cascade C
The fall of a body within the atmosphere without a drag-producing
chute libre freefall device such as a parachute C
Cinmatique Kinematics Study of the motion of points. C
A relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass
comte comet that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit C
Composante d'une force Component of a force. One of a number of forces into which a single force may be resolved C
Conversion d'nergie Energy conversion. Changing energy from one form to another C
cratre crater A bowl-shaped depression formed by the impact of a meteorite C
Dangers de la vitesse Dangers of speed. The risks involved when something moves or travels at a fast rate C
Dpendre de To depend on. To rely upon, to be sure of C
Diminuer To decrease. To reduce in size, number, speed, etc C
Diminution (de) Decrease (in) A reduction C
The distance required for a vehicle moving at a specified velocity to
distance d'arrt stopping distance come to a complete stop after its brakes have been activated C

The distance required for a vehicle moving at a specified velocity to


distance de freinage braking distance come to a complete stop after its brakes have been activated C

The distance required for a vehicle moving at a specified velocity to


Distance de freinage Braking distance come to a complete stop after its brakes have been activated C
The distance a moving vehicle travels between the time the driver
distance de raction reaction distance perceives a hazard and the time the body initiates a responsive action C
Study of the relationship between the motion of an object and the
Dynamique Dynamics forces acting on it. C
dynamomtre dynamometer Any of several instruments used to measure mechanical power C
Dynamomtre Dynamometer Device which is used to measure a force. C
En fonction de According to In relation to C
Energie Energy Usable heat or power. The SI unit is the joule. C
The energy of motion of a body, equal to the work it would do if it
Energie cintique Kinetic energy were brought to rest C
The energy of motion, observable as the movement of an object,
nergie cintique kinetic energy particle, or set of particles C
nergie de position energy of position Potential energy, which is stored energy, or the energy of position C
Power that is produced by some force of motion, such as water
Energie mcanique Mechanical energy power, wind power, gas power, or human power C
Power that is produced by some force of motion, such as water
nergie mcanique mechanical energy power, wind power, gas power, or human power C
The mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its position;
Energie potentielle Potential energy stored energy C
nergie thermique heat energy A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature C
Equation Equation A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal C
Etoile Star Any of the luminous celestial objects seen as points of light in the sky C
The curved path, usually elliptical, described by a planet, satellite,
Etre en orbite autour de To be in orbit around spaceship, etc., around a celestial body C
Properly related in size, degree, or other measurable characteristics.
Etre proportionnel To be proportional to Increasing or decreasing together, and with a constant ratio C
Exprimer (une force) To express (a force) To produce an effect C
The capacity to do work or cause physical change; energy, strength,
Force Force or active power C
Force exerce par A sur
B
Force exerted by A on B. A exerts a force upon B C
Force of attraction between any two objects which have mass. This
Gravitational force or
Force gravitationnelle
gravity
force acts between all objects in the Universe. It depends on the C
masses of the objects and the distance between them.
Force gravitationnelle Earth's gravitational The natural force of attraction exerted by the Earth, upon objects at or
terrestre force near its surface, tending to draw them toward its centre. C
A general relationship, principle or rule stated, often as an equation,
Formule Formula in the form of symbols c
A brake is a device that decelerates a moving object such as a
freinage braking machine or vehicle by converting its kinetic energy into another form C
of energy
A machine that stores energy then quickly releases this energy to fire
fronde catapult a projectile C
Fuse Rocket A vehicle propelled by a rocket, or a self-propelling engine device C
A star system held together by gravitational attraction in a spiral or
Galaxie Galaxy elliptical form C
A drawing depicting the relationship between a series of numbers or
Graphique Graph quantities by means of a series of lines, dots, points, etc, C
gravitation gravitation To move in response to the force of gravity C
Two bodies attract each other with equal and opposite forces; the
magnitude of this force is proportional to the product of the two
gravitation universelle universal gravitation masses and is also proportional to the inverse square of the distance C
between the centres of mass of the two bodies
gravit gravity The force of attraction between all masses in the universe C
To revolve around the
Graviter autour de la
Terre
Earth or to orbit the To travel around the Earth under the influence of gravitation C
Earth.
To revolve around the
Graviter autour du soleil
sun or to orbit the sun.
To travel around the Sun under the influence of its gravity C

Acceleration produced by the gravitational force of attraction. Its


Intensit de la pesanteur Value of acceleration
(g) due to gravity
value is the same for any mass at a given place. It is about 9,8 m.s -2 C
on the Earth's surface, and decreases above the surface.
Interaction
gravitationnelle
Gravitational interaction See gravitational force. C
Intervalle de temps Time interval The period of time between two events C
The SI unit of electrical, mechanical, and thermal energy. One joule is
Joule Joule the work done when a force of 1 newton acts through a distance of 1 C
metre.
An athletic competition in which a heavy metal ball that is attached to
lancer de marteau hammer throw a flexible wire is hurled as far as possible C

L'nergie de position est Energy of position


transforme en nergie (potential energy) is
cintique quand l'eau transformed into kinetic
C
tombe energy when water falls

L'nergie mcanique se The mechanical energy Mechanical energy is constant in a system that experiences no
conserve. remains constant. dissipative forces such as friction or air resistance C

Loi de conservation de Law of conservation of The fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an
l'nergie energy isolated system is constant despite internal changes C
Periodic rise and fall of the ocean level induced by gravitational
mare ocean tide attraction between the earth and moon in combination with earth C
rotation
The property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational
masse mass field C
Mesurer To measure The act of determining the amount, extent, or quantity of something C
A spacecraft that carries astronauts from the command module to the
Module lunaire Lunar module surface of the moon and back C
Mouvement Motion or movement. Change in position and orientation of an object C
Mouvement Motion The process of continual change of position of an object; movement C
Mouvement de rotation Rotational motion. Movement around the centre of mass of the object. C
Mouvement de
translation
Translation motion. Movement of the centre of mass from one place to another C
Rectilinear or linear
Mouvement rectiligne
motion.
Movement in a straight line. C
mutuellement mutually In a mutual or shared manner C
The SI unit of force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram one
Newton Newton metre per second per second C
Geo-stationary or A geosynchronous orbit that is fixed with respect to a position on the
Orbite gostationnaire
parking orbit. Earth C
Pesanteur Gravity See value of acceleration due to gravity. C
Any event, circumstance, or experience that is apparent to the senses
phnomne phenomenon and that can be scientifically described C
Plante Planet A celestial body that orbits around a sun C
poids weight The vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity C
Gravitational force between an object and the Earth (or a planet),
Poids d'un corps Weight of an object which pulls the object downwards. It depends on the distance from, C
and mass of the planet.The unit is the newton.
Position d'un objet Position of an object The particular space occupied by something C
proportionnalit proportionality A ratio of two quantities that is constant C
Rapidement Quickly With rapid movement C
Relation (or
Relation entre poids et The weight W of an object is related to its mass m by the equation W =
masse
relationship) between mg C
weight and mass.
A celestial body that orbits around a sun or planet, or an artificial
Satellite Satellite man-made orbiting device C
Scurit routire Road safety Care on the road while travelling C
scurit routire road safety Freedom from danger, risk, or injury on the road C
A substance in a physical state where the molecules are in fixed
Solide Rigid object / solid positions and the substance resists change in shape and size C
Somme Sum The result of the addition of numbers, quantities, objects, etc C
A sun with the celestial bodies that revolve around it in its
Systme solaire Solar system gravitational field C
The interval of time between application of a stimulus and detection of
temps de raction reaction time a response. C
Trajectoire Trajectory The path followed by an object moving through space C
Any process of transforming one form of energy to another. Energy of
Transformation fossil fuels, solar radiation, or nuclear fuels can be converted into
d'nergie
Energy transformation. other energy forms such as electrical, propulsive, or heating that are C
more useful to us.
Variable Variable A quantity or function which can assume a number of values C
Variations (de) Variations (of) Something which deviates from a standard or norm C
A measure of the rate of motion of a body, or its change of position,
vecteur-vitesse Velocity The SI unit is metres per second, m/s. C
Vitesse Speed Distance, d, travelled per unit of time, t. The SI unit is m.s -1. C
vitesse speed Distance travelled per unit time C
Vitesse instantane Instantaneous speed Speed at any given moment. C
Distance travelled by the object divided by the time interval.
Vitesse moyenne Average speed C
Vitesse uniforme Uniform speed It is said if the speed of an object is constant. C
Niveau Partie Nature du mot

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