Serial : B(gate)_ME_Fluid Mechanics_270917_Gh1

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CLASS TEST MECHANICAL

2017-18 ENGINEERING

Subject : Fluid Mechanics

Date of test : 27/09/2017

Answer Key

1. (c) 7. (d) 13. (c) 19. (a) 25. (a)

2. (b) 8. (a) 14. (a) 20. (b) 26. (b)

3. (c) 9. (c) 15. (c) 21. (d) 27. (c)

4. (b) 10. (c) 16. (c) 22. (d) 28. (b)

5. (b) 11. (a) 17. (b) 23. (d) 29. (d)

6. (b) 12. (c) 18. (c) 24. (b) 30. (b)

 6 Mechanical Engineering

Detailed Explanations

1. (c)
Acceleration for flow with only a local acceleration is given by
u
ax =
t
Uniform unsteady will be the answer.

3. (c)
During cavitation, the vapour bubbles starts forming where the pressure of the liquid falls below the vapour
pressure and sudden collapsing of these vapour bubbles in a region of higher pressure. When they collapse,
a very high pressure is created. This causes pitting action on the surfaces over which they collapse. Hence
during, cavitation and subsequent, pitting, pre-dominant forces are compressive forces.

4. (b)
NS1 n1 1
N S2 = n2 = 2
NS2 = 2 NS 1
N S 2 N S1 2N S 2 N S1
% Change = 100 = 100 = 100 %
N S1 N S1
5. (b)
F = a (v u)2
150 = 1000 0.0015 (15 u)2
u = 5 m/s

6. (b)
w v
x =
y z
x = 18yz 3y
x(1,1,1) = 21 units

8. (a)
Le
For laminar flow through pipe, the entrance length, Le, can be estimated from the equation. = 0.06 Re
D
9. (c)
Newtons law of viscosity
du
=
dy
Where = shear stress
du
= Rate of strain
dy
10. (c)
A = mg sin

v
A = mg sin
t

mgt sin 15 9.81 0.1 103 sin30

v = = = 0.36 m/s
A 8.14 102 0.25

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 CTME17 Fluid Mechanics 7

11. (a)
Let B, G and M be the centre of buoyancy, centre of gravity and meta-centre of the plate.
b
H
OB = , OG = H
2 M
H
BG = OG OB = G
2
B H
I Lb 3 b2
BM = = =
V 12 L b H 12H O
where, L = Length of the plate in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the figure.

b2 H
MG = BM BG =
12H 2
For stable equilibrium of plate, MG 0.
b2 H
0
12H 2
b
6
H
H = 6
b 6
12. (c)
The prototype operates in water and the model test is to be performed in air. For the similarity,
Remodel = Reprototype
Vm Dm VP DP
m = P

Vm 0.152 2.57 0.3

5 =
1.46 10 1.57 106
Vm = 47.169 m/s

13. (c)
Using Bernoulli's equation at the two points,
P1 V12 P V2
+ + z1 = 2 + 2 + z 2
g 2g g 2g
z1 = z2
P1 P2 = (100 g)
100 g V2 V2
= 2 1
g 2g 2g
V2
Also, = V [Q > 1]
1

2V12 V12
100 =
2g 2g
V12 2
100 =
2g
1( )
(10 )2
100 =
2 9.81
( 2
)
1
= 4.54

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 8 Mechanical Engineering

14. (a)
= 2 3 xy

u = =2 3x
y

v = = 2 3 y
x
V = u2 + v 2

4 = 4 (3 ) x2 + y 2 ...(1)

v
tan =
u
2 3y
tan 150 =
2 3x
y = 0.5774 x ...(2)
from (2) substitute y is 1 and solving
x = 0.999, y = 0.5774

15. (c)

Angle of deflection
Diameter of Jet = 60 mm
180

Area = (0.06)2 = 2.827 103 m2
4 V

Velocity of Jet = 50 m/s

Angle of direction = 120
= 180 120 = 60
F = av2 [1 + cos ]
F = 1000 2.827 103 502 [1 + cos 60]
F = 10601.25 N = 10.601 kN

16. (c)
Given data:
V = 3.2 m3
w = 27.5 kN = 27500 N
= 7 103 stoke = 7 103 cm2/s = 7 107 m2/s
W 27.5
Specific weight : w = = = 8.593 kN/m3
V 3.2
M W 27500
Mass density : oil = = = = 876.02 kg/m3
V gV 9.81 3.2
1 1
Specific volume : v = = 876.02 = 1.14 103 m3/kg
oil
oil 876.02
Specific gravity: S = =
water 1000 = 0.876
Dynamic viscosity: = = 876.02 7 107 = 6132.14 107 Ns/m2
= 6132.14 107 10 poise
= 6132.14 106 poise = 6132.14 106 100 centipoise
= 0.613 cP

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 CTME17 Fluid Mechanics 9

17. (b)

FB = Mg Water 40%

Mercury
4 4 4 3
1000 0.4 R 3 g + 13560 g 0.6 R 3 = sphere R g
3 3 3
400 + 13560 0.6 = sphere
sphere = 8536 kg/m3
sphere 8536
Sphere = = = 8.536
water 1000

18. (c)
pA + w gz1 = patm + Hg gz2
or wgz1 = Hg gz2 pA = patm
or w z1 = Hg z2
1000 0.11 = 13600 z2
or z2 = 0.00809 m = 0.809 cm

19. (a)
Applying Bernoullis is equation between points 1 and 2
p2 p1
+ z2 = + z1
g g
p2 p1 h g 0.212 103 13.6 9.81
= + z 1 z 2 = m m + z1 z 2 = + 0 2.4
g g g 9.81 103
= 0.4832
p2 = 0.4832 9.81 103 Pa = 4.74 kPa

20. (b)
Given data:
Stream function,
= x2 y2
The velocity componentry u and v in the direction of x and y are given by

u =

y
=
2
y
(
x y 2 = 2y)
or v =

=
x x
2
(
x y 2 = 2x)
r
The velocity at point (1, 1), V = ui + vj = 2y i + 2x j = 2 1i + 2 1j = 2i + 2 j
The magnitude of the velocity, V = (2)2 + (2)2 = 4+ 4 = 8 = 2 2

21. (d)

4 3 4
r = (0.075) = 0.00176625 m3
3
v =
3 3

Upthrust = Vw g = 0.00176625 103 9.81 = 17.327 N

Weight = 0.5 9.81 = 4.905 N
Tension in string = 17.327 4.905 = 12.422 N

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 10 Mechanical Engineering

22. (d)
Horizontal component, FX = P A = gh 2r w = 2ghrw

r 2 r 2
Vertical component, FY = gV = g w = gw
2 2

23. (d)
Let the parabolic velocity distribution is
V = A + By + Cy 2
where, constants, A, B and C are to be determined from boundary conditions.
V = 0, at y = 0 (No slip at the plate surface)
V = 1.125 at y = 0.075 m
dV
= 0, at y = 0.075 (condition of vertex of parabola)
dy
Substituting the boundary conditions, we have
A = 0
1.25 = 0.075 B + (0.075)2 C
0 = B + 15 C
B = 30, C = 200
V = 30 y 200 y 2

dV
= 30 400 y
dy

dV dV
at y = 0.05 m, = 30 400 0.05,
dy dy = 10

dV
= = 0.05 10 = 0.5N/m2
dy

24. (b)
Given, = 0.05
d = 0.2 m
Umax = 1.5 m/s
U max
U = = 0.75 m/s [laminar flow through pipe]
2
32 U L 32 0.05 0.75 2
P = 2
= = 60 N/m 2
D 0.2 2
P2A2
25. (a)
D = 3m 2 2
1
2
A1 = A2 = D = 0.07068 m2 P1A1
4
1
Q 0.3
V = V1 = V2 = = = 4.244 m/s
A 0.07068
Now, = 90,

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 CTME17 Fluid Mechanics 11

P1 = 24.525 N/cm2 = 24.525 104 N/m2

P2 = 23.544 104 N/m2
Force along x-axis on bend,
Fx = Q [V1x V2x] + (P1x A1) + P2x A2
Fx = 1000 0.3 [4.244 0] + 24.525 104 0.07068 + 0
Fx = 18607.5 N
Similarly, force along y-axis on bend,
Fy = Q [V1y V2y] + P1y A1 + P2y A2
Fy = 1000 0.3 [0 4.244] + 0 235440 0.07068
Fy = 17914.1 N

FR = Fx2 + Fy2 = 25829.3 N = 25.82 kN

26. (b)
HagenPoiseuilles equation,
32VL
p =
d2
Q Q 4Q
where V = = =
A d2 d2
4
128QL
p =
d 4
1
p
d4
p d 4 = C

p1 d14 = p2 d24

( )
4
p1 d14 = p2 2d1

p1
or p2 =
16

27. (c)
p2 = p1 + 0.05 p1 = 1.05p1
Cd Aa
Q = 2gh
A2 a 2
p
where h =
g

C d Aa 2 p
Q = 2 2
A a

Q p

Q
= C
p

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 12 Mechanical Engineering

Q1 Q2
=
p1 p2

Q2 p2
or = = 1.05 = 1.0246
Q1 p1

Q Q1
% error in flow rate = 2 100
Q1

Q
= 2 1 100 = (1.024 1) 100 = 2.46%
Q1

29. (d)
For an irrotational flow

1 w v
=0
2 y z
w yz =

w = cy
v = 0
1
wy z =
2
[C 0] = 0
c = 0

30. (b)
u = 2y2
v = 3x
w = 0
du u u u u
= +u +v +w
dt t x y z
= 0 + 0 + 3x 4y + 0 = 12 x y

dv v v v v
= +u +v +w
dt t x y z
= 0 + 2 y 2 3 + 0 + 0 = 6 y2
a = 12 x y i + 6y 2j
a (1, 2, 0) = 24i + 24 j
r
a 1, 1, 0 =
( ) 24 2 = 33.94 units

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