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TUTORIAL GUIDE
License and Copyright Information
PRO/II 8.0 The software described in this guide is furnished under a written agreement
and may be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
license agreement under which you obtained it. The technical
documentation is being delivered to you AS IS and Invensys Systems, Inc.
makes no warranty as to its accuracy or use. Any use of the technical
documentation or information contained therein is at the risk of the user.
Documentation may include technical or other inaccuracies or typographical
errors. Invensys Systems, Inc. reserves the right to make changes without
prior notice.
Copyright Notice 2006 Invensys Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material
protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording,
broadcasting, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from Invensys Systems, Inc.
INTRODUCTION 5
include a flash drum, a valve, and an expander. If you are a new user of PRO/II, you are
advised to work through all of Session 1.
In the second session, additional process units are added to complete an entire
demethanizer/expander plant simulation. In each session, step-by-step instructions enable
you to build the simulation, use the Process Flow Diagram (PFD) drawing tools to
manipulate the flowsheet, run the simulation, and review the results. At each step, an
illustration of the PROVISION display screen is provided.
The third session is designed to introduce some of the many tools that PRO/II provides, to
organize, format, and review results from the first two sessions. Many features are new or
improved in version 8.0.
Where to Start?
PRO/II users, at all levels of experience, will benefit greatly from working with this tutorial.
If you are a first-time user, you should work using this Tutorial Guide. Although not
recommended, experienced users may skip the Tutorial Guide and move on to the Users
Guide.
Note: Both Sessions 1 and 2 assume that ENGLISH units of measure were selected as
the default units for input and output data.
INTRODUCTION 7
How to Proceed?
Lets get started with using PRO/II. Session 1 simulates only three process units of the
flowsheet shown in Figure 1-1. By working through this exercise, you will gain familiarity
with the basic features of the simulator. You can complete the simulation of the entire
flowsheet by continuing with Session 2, which demonstrates advanced features of PRO/II
and introduces some of the PFD tools. Finally, Session 3 explores some of the tools to
analyze the results of the simulation.
Some users may wish to jump right in and skip some (or all) of this tutorial. At any time,
whenever you are comfortable using the program, feel free to leave the tutorial and begin
working on your own simulations.
Starting PRO/II
1. From the Windows Start menu, navigate to Programs, SIMSCI, PROII80.
2. Left-click the mouse while the mouse cursor is positioned on the PROII 8.0 menu
item.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 9
An empty Untitled [Flowsheet] process flow diagram (PFD) window appears for laying
down your process simulation as shown in Figure 1-2. The toolbar appears below the
menu bar and above the main PFD window. Using the toolbar icons reduces the number
of mouse actions required for a selection.
The floating PFD palette, for adding streams and units, appears first at the right of the
flowsheet window. The floating PFD palette may be moved anywhere on the desktop by
clicking on its title bar, holding the left mouse button down, and dragging it to its new
location. The floating Run palette can be relocated in the same manner.
Process Units
Start building the process flowsheet for this session by laying down each process unit and
stream, one by one, on the PFD. Use Figure 1-3 as a guide.
1. For separator F1, move the mouse cursor to the floating PFD palette and click
Flash icon.
2. To add the unit, click anywhere on the main PFD window.
3. Scroll down the PFD palette to select an expander (EX1) and place it on the
PFD.
4. Repeat the procedure for valve (V1).
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 11
Figure 1-4: The PFD: Process Units and Streams
2. Add streams by clicking at the origin of the stream (often an outlet port). To lay
down an external feed stream, click on an unoccupied part of the PFD. The
cursor remains attached to the stream, which is now anchored to the origin point.
3. Click again at the destination of the stream (often an inlet port on a unit icon).
Continue until all streams have been added to the PFD as shown in Figure 1-4.
Note: As soon as you click a streams origin point, the OUTLET ports disappear. Only the
valid INLET ports appear and are colored red.
4. Click Streams again or press the ESC key to exit the streams mode.
Note: By default, the names of the process units and streams are automatically assigned
by the program. For example, S1 for the first stream, F1 for the first flash drum unit, V1 for
the first valve, and so on.
At this point, it is worth noting that the unsatisfied data are indicated on the PFD. Units
that have unsatisfied internal data (all of them in this flowsheet, at this point) have red
identification strings, F1, bordered in red. Streams for which data must be supplied
(external feed streams) also have red identifiers, S1, bordered in red. Internal (connecting)
and product streams have black identifiers, S2, bordered in black.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 13
Figure 1-5: Selecting Components
4. Enter the first component, Nitrogen, in the Component field. This is illustrated in
Figure 1-6.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 15
Note: The border of the List of Selected Components is now blue. This color indicates that
data requirements were satisfied with user-supplied data.
7. There are no red-bordered fields, indicating no additional required entries. Click
OK to exit this window.
Note: It is possible to select components without typing their names.
8. Click Select from Lists in the Component Selection window. This opens
another dialog box that groups various components into lists.
9. Choose a list, highlight the desired components in the Component Full Name
field, and click Add Components. The highlighted components are added to the
simulation. All the components in this example are included in the Most
Commonly Used list.
1. Click the phase diagram icon outlined in red, on the toolbar, to select from
a list of common thermodynamic methods, generalized correlations, liquid activity
methods, special packages, user-added, or equation of state methods.
Or
2. Select Input at the top of the screen and choose Thermodynamic Data as
shown in Figure 1-9.
This opens the Thermodynamic Data dialog box illustrated in Figure 1-10. It offers many
systems of thermodynamic calculation methods. For example, the predefined Peng-
Robinson thermodynamic system uses the Peng-Robinson cubic equation of state to
calculate K-values, liquid and vapor phase enthalpies and entropies, and vapor phase
densities. It uses API methods to calculate liquid densities. To select a predefined
thermodynamic system of methods within the Thermodynamic Data window:
1. Select Most Commonly Used option from the list labeled Category.
2. Select Peng-Robinson from the Primary Method list box, as shown in
Figure 1-10.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 17
Figure 1-10: Thermodynamic Data Entry Window
3. Click Add-> to include this method set in the list of Defined Systems (see Figure
1-11).
Note: Since we have included only a single method set, it serves as the Default System
(see Figure 1-11). You may set or change the default system whenever more than one
method set is included in a simulation.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 19
Stream Data
As noted above, stream S1 must be adjusted to work properly in our simplified flowsheet.
Table 1-3 shows the adjusted data for stream S1.
1. Double-click stream S1 to open the Stream Data dialog box (Figure 1-12).
2. Enter data in the red-bordered data entry fields. Optionally, you may enter the
description FEED for this stream.
To enter flow rate and composition data:
1. Click Flowrate and composition.
Select Total Fluid Flowrate in the Fluid Flowrate Specification group box, and specify
value 8 for the total stream flow rate as shown in Figure 1-13.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 21
Figure 1-13: The Stream Data Flowrate and Composition Window
The rate we have entered has the units of pound-moles per hour. However, Table 1-1
indicates that the rate should be eight cubic meters per second. It is simple to change the
dimensional units of this field.
To change the dimensional units:
1. Click to highlight the rate field (where 8.0000 are displayed).
2. Click UOM (upper-left in this DEW) to open the Convert Units-of-Measure
window as shown in Figure 1-14.
6. Press TAB to move to the next field. For example, enter 7.91 for Nitrogen. Press
TAB and enter 73.05 for methane, and so on. Figure 1-15 shows the filled-in
values through Pentane. If desired, use the scroll bar to move through the list.
7. After the composition data has been entered, click OK to return to the main
Stream Data window.
To specify the feed stream temperature and pressure:
1. For the First Specification data field, select Temperature option, as shown in
Figure 1-16.
2. Enter the temperature value of 84.
Note: The UOM is F.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 23
Figure 1-16: Stream Data DEW
3. Choose Pressure from the Second Specification drop-down list box and enter a
value of 587.7 (psia). The completed Stream Data window should appear as in
Figure 1-17.
Figure 1-18 illustrates the completed Flash Drum main DEW. There are no red-bordered
areas left that require data.
3. Click OK to continue.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 25
Saving the Simulation
1. Save the data and flowsheet entered so far and give the simulation a name.
2. From the File menu on the main PRO/II window, select Save As... (see
Figure 1-19).
Note: The unit identifier for the flash drum unit, F1, is no longer bordered in red. This
means that all process data required for this unit has been specified.
6. Continue entering data for the other process units.
To provide data for the Valve:
1. Double-click the valve icon on the PFD to bring up the Valve data entry window.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 27
To provide data for the Expander:
1. Double-click the expander icon to open the Expander unit data entry window.
Optionally, you may enter a description for the unit, e.g., EXPANDER.
2. Select the Outlet Pressure option in the Pressure and Work Specifications field
and input a value of 125 psia.
3. Change the Adiabatic Efficiency entry from its default value of 100% to 80% as
shown in Figure 1-22.
4. Click OK to continue.
The main PRO/II window will now look like Figure 1-23.
Note: There are no remaining toolbar icons, unit identifiers, or stream identifiers bordered
in red. That means all process data required for this flowsheet have been specified.
5. Save the simulation data file again under the name SESSION1 by selecting Save
under the File menu.
6. Run the simulation.
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 29
If there are no errors or warnings, the Status button will be outlined in black. To continue
to run the simulation from this point:
Click Run on the Run palette to begin the calculations.
In a few seconds, you are ready to review the results.
1. Click on the toolbar to bring up the Generate Report for Session1 window.
Once PRO/II completes the output report generation, the stream and unit operation results
(in file SESSION1.OUT) automatically appear in a Programmers File Editor window (see
Figure 1-24).
SESSION 1: SEPARATOR 31
Note: The Programmers File Editor is the default editor for viewing output reports. The
Editor item on the Options menu provides a convenient way to change this. Simply
enter the full directory path and file name of any other installed text editor, such as
Notepad or WordPad.
This completes Session 1 of the tutorial. You may take a break if you want to. If you
continue with Session 2, you will learn about other interesting PRO/II features, including
the following:
1. Displaying different views of a single flowsheet (e.g., full and magnified views) in
multiple viewport windows.
2. Using the Specification and Define features.
3. Entering data for a column.
4. Changing the default dimensional units.
5. Modifying the thermodynamic property calculation methods.
Taking Session 2 is not a prerequisite for using PRO/II. You could end your tutorial
session here and begin working on your own simulations. On the other hand, you can
come back to the tutorial any time, if you decide to continue later.
Note: The New View button may not be visible on the toolbar, since not all the
available icons will fit if the window has been resized or the toolbar has been modified. It
is simple to add, remove, or rearrange items on the tool bar. Click the View menu
Toolbar item to open the Toolbar Customization dialog box. Make sure New View is in
the Selected Items list box. Use the Up, Down, Top, and Bottom buttons to rearrange the
items. Toolbar icons display left-to-right, corresponding to the top-to-bottom order of
entries in the Selected Items list box.
To view the entire PFD in the Flowsheet:1 window, and to focus on the two heat
exchangers in the Flowsheet:2 window, follow the steps below:
1. To select the Flowsheet:1 window, click on its title bar.
4. Click on the toolbar of the main PRO/II window. The cursor changes to a
magnifying glass.
5. Move the (magnifying glass) cursor to the Flowsheet:2 window.
6. Click and hold down the left mouse button near the two heat exchangers.
7. While holding down the left mouse button, drag the mouse until the two heat
exchangers are enclosed in a blue selection rectangle.
8. Release the mouse button. The area bounded by the selection rectangle zooms
to fill the entire Flowsheet:2 window (see Figure 2-2).
9. Click Streams on the floating PFD palette and lay down the following streams:
a. A connector stream from the top of the demethanizer column to the inlet of
one side of the first heat exchanger.
b. A connector stream from the outlet of this side of the heat exchanger to the
inlet of the compressor unit.
c. A product stream from the outlet of the compressor unit.
d. A connector stream from the second outlet of the first heat exchanger to the
inlet of the second heat exchanger.
e. A product stream from the outlet of the second heat exchanger.
f. A product stream from the reboiler of the column unit.
Note: Lay down streams that connect units visible in the different view windows by pulling
the stream from one view to the other. This is especially helpful for large flowsheets.
As mentioned in Session 1, the composition of the feed stream to the first unit (the
gasgas heat exchanger) is identical in composition to the stream already laid down as
the feed to the flash drum, S1. To avoid repeating all data entry steps for the feed to the
first process unit, we disconnect this stream from the flash drum unit, and reconnect it to
the first heat exchanger by following these steps:
1. Move the mouse to the end of stream S1 attached to the flash drum. The mouse
pointer should change from a left arrow to a right arrow when the pointer is very
close to the end of the stream.
2. Click and hold the left mouse button, and move the end of stream S1 to the inlet
of the first heat exchanger E1.
3. Release the mouse button. The feed stream should now be reconnected to the
heat exchanger E1.
Note: There are no stream identifiers bordered in red, since we have merely reconnected
the previously defined flash drum feed to the gasgas heat exchanger.
Before you can run this simulation, you need to provide data for the four units whose
identifiers are bordered in redthe two heat exchangers, the compressor, and the
columnand change the temperature and pressure of stream S1.
3. Use Process Stream to specify whether the process inlet and outlet streams
are on the cold or hot side.
4. Click Process Stream in the Hot Side field. The Heat Exchanger-Process
Streams data entry window appears as in Figure 2-7.
10. Return to the main Heat Exchanger data entry window and input a hot side
pressure drop value of 10 psi and a cold side pressure drop value of 5 psi in the
appropriate Pressure Drop data entry fields (see Figure 2-9).
11. After returning to the PFD, enter data for the second heat exchanger, E2, by
repeating the steps above (see Figures 2-10 and 2-11).
After all the required data has been entered, the data entry window for this exchanger
should appear as shown in Figure 2-12.
The work done on the compressed gas in unit C1 should equal the work done by the gas
in the expander EX1. This specification may be made through the DEFINE feature of
PRO/II:
1. Select Work from the Pressure, Work, or Head Specification drop-down list box.
2. Click once in the data entry field directly beside the Pressure, Work or Head
Specification drop-down list box.
3. Click Define (see Figure 2-13), which is now active on the data entry window
toolbar. This brings up the Definition data entry window (see Figure 2-14).
4. Click the check box for Set Up Definition for Compressor Work.
5. Click the red-linked text Parameter to bring up the Parameter window.
6. Select Expander unit EX1 the Constant/Stream/Unit drop-down list box in the
Parameter window (see Figure 2-15).
7. Click the red-linked text Parameter... in the Parameter window to bring up the
Parameter Selection window (see Figure 2-16).
8. Select Actual Work from the Parameter data entry field (see Figure 2-16).
Figures 2-17 through 2-19 show the completed Parameter, Definition, and Compressor
data entry windows.
10. Click OK to return to the main Compressor data entry window shown in
Figure 2-19.
11. Click OK to save the data and return to the main PFD window.
2. Click to specify the phase and tray location of the feed and product
streams. The Column Feeds and Products data entry window should appear.
3. Specify that stream S4 (the expander product) is fed to tray 1 and S5 (the valve
product) fed to tray 3.
4. Enter a rate of 500 lb-mol/hr for the overhead vapor product S6 from tray 1. Refer
Figure 2-21, which shows this window with all the data filled in.
5. As soon as you click OK, PRO/II displays the Transfer to Specification dialog box
(see Figure 2-21A).
This gives you the option to use the overhead rate just entered for stream S6 as a
performance specification. We are more interested in the purity of the (liquid) bottoms
product (stream S11 in this example). We will enter a performance specification on that
stream very soon.
1. Click NO to reject the option and return to the main Column data entry window.
1. Click on the main Column data entry window. This opens the
Column-Specifications and Variables window.
9. Click the green-linked text = sign in the Specifications field of the Column
Specifications and Variables window as shown in Figure 2-27.
18. Click the red-linked text value in the Specifications field of the Column
Specifications and Variables window. Enter a value of 0.015 in the data entry
field that appears. Press ENTER or Return (on your keyboard). Figure 2-33
shows the completed column purity specification on the bottoms product.
Note: No elements of the specification are red.
19. Click the blue-linked text Duty of Heater REBOILER to view the Parameter
Selection window.
PRO/II has already selected Heat Duty from the Parameter list and has entered the
REBOILER in the Heater field by default (see Figure 2-35).
Note: There are no remaining toolbar icons, unit identifiers, or stream identifiers bordered
in red. This means that all process data required for this flowsheet have been supplied.
24. Save the completed data file under the new name SESSION2. Use the Save
As option from the File menu. Run the simulation.
Click on the toolbar to bring up the Generate Report for Session2 window.
The stream and process unit results are automatically shown in a Programmers File
Editor window. They have been written to disk storage in the file SESSION2.OUT.
4. Click OK to return to the PFD. You will see the style of the stream label change
for the selected stream.
Note: You may select each stream individually or several streams at once. To make
changes to multiple streams, simply drag a selection rectangle around the area containing
the desired streams before right-clicking.
To use the circle border as the default border for subsequent streams on the PDF:
1. Choose OptionsDrawing Defaults Stream Display... on the main menu bar.
This opens the Stream Style window (Figure 3-3).
2. Choose Circle from the drop-down list box for the Stream Label Border.
This option is available only when the Name option for Stream Label Type is selected.
Figure 3-4a illustrates the PFD drawing after applying the Property Label List to streams
S1 and S8.
Figure 3-4a: The PFD Using Stream Property Lists for Stream Labels
Note: The PRO/II PFD Export feature produces a high quality rendering of the PFD
drawing. Only the contents of the PFD window are captured. This is superior to the
standard Windows Alt+PrtSc screen capture, which is limited to the display terminal
resolution and captures the entire PRO/II program window.
Note: Microsoft Excel must be configured to allow macros before this export feature will
work. In Excel, navigate to ToolsMacroSecurity and ensure the security level is set to
Medium (preferred) or Low. Next, close Excel to force the change to take effect.
You can resize this page or make this page one cell in a grid of pages. To make changes
to the page style:
1. Double-click the left mouse button on the page boundary to bring up the Page
Setup window, as shown in Figure 3-7a.
As you did for the entire PFD, you can also select pages of the flowsheet PFD and export
them to the clipboard. Choose the radio button Selected Page of Flowsheet Drawing from
the Export window (see Figure 3-5). Figure 3-8 shows the result of exporting the page
from the PFD and pasting it in MS Word.
Creating Plots
PRO/II has built-in plotting capability, which can be used to paste Excel plots directly into
your reports. In the demethanizer flowsheet, you may want to view the column profiles.
To set up your plot options:
1. Select the OptionsPlot Setup... from the main PRO/II window.
2. Choose the running Excel version from the drop-down list box.
3. Click OK to return to the PFD.
To create a plot:
1. Select the OutputGenerate Plot from the main PRO/II window to display the
PRO/II - Generate Plot window, as shown in Figure 3-9.
2. Select column T1 from the list displayed in the Units for Selection group box.
3. Select the type of plot you want to generate from the Available Plots list.
Block Diagrams
For large flowsheets, you may want to organize the flowsheet with subflowsheets. This is
done using the PRO/II block diagram feature.
To create a block diagram:
1. Drag a selection rectangle around the section of the flowsheet containing the
heat exchangers and the compressor, as illustrated in Figure 3-13.
2. Right-click and select the Collapse item from the right mouse menu. The
selection will be collapsed into a block diagram (called BD1 by default) as shown
in Figure 3-14.
3. Use the View 2 option, as described in Session 2, to view the unit operations
within the block diagram in a separate view. Simply double-click on the block
diagram to expand the icon. Block diagrams can also be nested.
This completes Session 3 of the tutorial. In this session, you have learnt some of the
features that allow you to transfer your PRO/II results to reports and other applications.
Your tutorial session ends here. Good luck working on your own flowsheets.
INDEX 77
Flowsheet........................................... 10 placing on PFD ...............................10
Flowsheet errors ................................ 29 Producing stream report .....................66
Gas-gas heat exchanger.................... 39 program ................................................8
Gray-bordered items ............................ 5 Reconnecting streams........................37
Green-bordered items .......................... 5 results...................................................8
Heat exchangers ................................ 39 Reviewing simulation results ........30, 60
hot product temperature ................. 41 Running the simulation .................29, 59
main data entry window.................. 40 Saving the simulation .........................26
specifications.................................. 41 Starting a new simulation .....................9
specifying process streams ............ 40 Stream border style ............................61
Library components............................ 15 Streams
Linked text.......................................... 45 main data entry window ..................20
Messages window........................ 30, 60 mode...............................................12
Modifying simulation defaults ............. 60 products ....................................12, 19
Modifying stream data........................ 38 Streams data ................................19, 20
Notepad ............................................. 32 Thermodynamic method sets .............16
Opening a file ..................................... 33 Unit Operation
Page outline ....................................... 67 Column ...........................................48
Page setup ......................................... 68 Unit operations data .....................19, 25
Palette.......................... See PFD palette Unsatisfied connectivity ......................13
Peng-Robinson .................................. 16 Unsatisfied data..................................12
PFD palette ........................................ 36 Valve
Plot options ........................................ 71 main data entry window ..................27
Printing reports................................... 30 outlet pressure ................................27
Process flow diagram........................... 6 Viewing output reports........................60
Process unit Viewports
description ...................................... 25 multiple windows.............................34