NUMBER

Place Value
Example:
1.345 (Standard Form)
1 + 0.3 + 0.04 + 0.005 (Expanded Form)
One and three hundred forty-five thousandths (Word Form)

Decimals (Solving Problems)

Operation Key Words
Addition Sum, adding
Subtraction Difference, less than, more than
Multiplication Product, multiply, times
Division Quotient, divide, divisible

Estimation (key word: about)

Decimal Estimation Strategies
Factors and Multiples

Multiples: products of multiplication sentences. You can skip count, use multiplication or division.
For example: to find the multiples of 3, multiply 3x1=3, 3x2=6, 3x3=9, and so on. The multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, etc.

Lowest Common Multiple (LCM): smallest multiple two numbers share.

What is the lowest common multiple of 3 and 9?
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27
Multiples of 9: 9, 18, 27, 36

The lowest number that appears on both lists is the lowest common multiple (LCM) which is 9 for the example above.

Other common multiples on this list (but not the lowest) are 18 and 27.

Factors
A factor is a whole number that divides evenly into another whole number. Every number except 1 and 0, has 1 and itself as
factors.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF): greatest factor that numbers share.

Factors of 36: 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 18, 36

1x36=36
6x6=36
9x4=36
2x18=36

Factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

1x24=24
12x2=24
8x3=24
6x4=24

The common factors on the two lists are 1, 2, 4, 6

Prime and Composite Numbers

Prime number: factors are only 1 and itself.

Composite Number: more factors than 1 and itself.

Prime Factorization: breaking down a product into its prime factors. use factor tree to find prime factors

Prime factors are 3x3x2x2x2.

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Proper fraction: numerator less than denominator.
Improper fraction: numerator is greater than denominator.

Mixed number: has a whole number and proper fraction.

Converting a mixed number to an improper fraction

Ratio
A ratio says how much of one thing there is compared to another thing.

Example:
Write the ratio of unshaded circles to shaded circles in two different ways.
6:4
6 to 4
Unshaded circles to all the circles 6/10

Extra Practice: http://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/ratio.html

Percent

Percent means parts per 100

The symbol is %

Example: 25% means 25 per 100

(25% of this box is green)
Fraction is 25/100
Retrieved from https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/percent.html

Integers

The above number line is in increasing order from left to right so -7 is less than -4 OR -7 < -4.

Integers Includes:
the counting numbers {1, 2, 3, ...},
zero {0},
and the negative of the counting numbers {-1, -2, -3, ...}

We can write them all down like this: {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}

Examples of integers: -16, -3, 0, 1, 198

Retrieved from http://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/integer.html
Order of Operations

Do things in Brackets First. Example:

6 (5 + 3) = 68 = 48
6 (5 + 3) = 30 + 3 = 33 (wrong)

Multiply or Divide before you Add or Subtract. Example:

2+53 = 2 + 15 = 17
2+53 = 73 = 21 (wrong)

Divide and Multiply rank equally (and go left to right).

Add and Subtract rank equally (and go left to right)

Retrieved from http://www.mathsisfun.com/operation-order-bodmas.html

References
Castle Rock Research Cooperation. (2013). Mathematics 6: The Key Study Guide.