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368513587.xls
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DESIGN OF A CANAL SYPHON

NAME OF PROJECT : Case study, Design example 9.4/p394

DESIGN INPUT DATA :

(a) Canal

(i) Full supply discharge of canal 40.00 Cumec

(ii) Bed width of canal 18.00 m
(iii) Full supply depth of canal 2.10 m
(iv) Bed level of canal (C.B.L.) at D/S 250.00 m
(v) Side slope of canal (s) 1.50 :1
(vi) Free board of canal 0.75 m

(b) Drain

(i) Max. observed flood discharge 100.00 cumec

(ii) Bank level 254.00 m
(iii) Bed level 251.80 m
(iv) Highest Flood Level (H.F.L.) 253.25 m
(v) slope 1/600

HYDRAULIC DESIGN :

(1) Section of the drainage channel

According to Lacey's formula

P = 4.83 X Q 1/2
= 4.83 X 10
= 48.3
Provide bed width of the drain at the crossing = 44.50 m.

(2) Canal waterway

Bed width of canal = 18.00 m.

Normal X-area of the channel = BD + sD 2
(A) = 44.42 Sq.m.

Velocity in the normal section = Q/A

= 0.90 m/sec
Adopt size of the barrel as

Width = 3.00 m, Wall thickness = 0.30 m

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 Office of Director Dam
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Height = 2.50 m, No. of barrels = 2 No.

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 Office of Director Dam
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Reduce the canal waterway from 18.00 m to 6.30 m

40
Velocity through the barrels = = 2.67 m/sec
15
< 6.00 m/sec
The velocity is within the recommended range
The size of the barrel is, therefore okay
It should be checked that the flow is subcritical in the barrel, .i.e., Froude number (F) should
be less than unity

Now F = V/(gd)1/2
Where,
V = 2.67 m/sec
g = 9.81 m/sec
d = 2.50 m
Therefore,
F = 0.538
Since the value of F is less than 1 the flow will be subcritical in the barrel

(3) Head loss and bed levels at different sections :

Width of canal in the flumed portion = 6.3 m

Provide 2 in 1splay in contraction and 3 in 1 splay in expansion transition

11.70
Length of contraction transition =
-------- X 2 = 11.7 m
2
11.70
Length of expansion transition = -------- X 3 = 17.55 m
2
Assume,Length of the barrels in the flumed portion= 70.0 m > 68.50 m
assumed length is O.K.

In the transitions, the side slopes of the section shall be warped from 1.50 : 1 to vertical.

1 2 3 4

0.3 m Thick wall

Canal
18.0 6.3 18.0

R.C.C. barrels
11.70 70.00 17.55
1 2 3 4
Canal waterway (All dim in meter)

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 Office of Director Dam
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At section 4-4

Area of section = 44.42 Sq.m.

(Normal channel section)
Velocity = Q/A = 0.901 m/sec
Velocity head = V /2g =
2
0.0414 m
R.L. of bed = 250.00 m (given)
R.L. of water surface = 250.00 + 2.1
= 252.10 m
R.L. of T.E.L. = 252.10 + 0.0414
= 252.141 m

At section 3-3

Water depth at the entry and exit of the barrel should be kept slightly higher than the depth
of the barrels so as to keep the ends of the barrel submerged for proper syphoning
Provide water depth equal to 3.00 m
Area of section = 3.00 X 6.3
= 18.9 Sq.m.
Velocity = Q/A = 2.116 m/sec
Velocity head = V /2g =
2
0.228 m
Loss of head in expansion from section 3-3 to section 4-4
= 0.3 (V22 - V12) /2g
= 0.056 m
Hence elevation of T.E.L. at section 3-3
= 252.141 + 0.056
= 252.197 m
R.L. of water surface = 252.197 - 0.228
= 251.969 m
R.L. of bed = 251.969 - 3.00
= 248.969 m
From section 3 - 3 to section 2 - 2, area and velocity are constant.

Head loss through barrels

Head loss through barrels is given by

= ( 1 + f1 + f2 xL/R )V 2/2g

Where, f1 = 0.080 ,for bell mouthed syphon

f2 = a(1+b/R)
Where, a = 0.00316 , b = 0.10000

L = 70.0 m
R = A/P
= 0.682 m
Hence,
f2 = 0.00362
Therefore loss of head in barrels = 0.526 m

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 Office of Director Dam
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At section 2-2

R.L. of T.E.L. = T.E.L. at section 3-3 + head loss through barrels

= 252.197 + 0.526
= 252.724 m
R.L.of water surface = R.L. of T.E.L. - Velocity head at section 3-3
= 252.724 - 0.228
= 252.495 m
R.L. of bed = 252.495 - 3.00
= 249.495 m

At section 1-1

Loss of head in contraction transition from section 1-1 to section 2-2

= 0.2 (V22 - V12) /2g
= 0.037 m
R.L. of T.E.L. = T.E.L. at section 2-2 + head loss in contraction transition
= 252.724 + 0.037
= 252.76 m
R.L. of water surface = 252.76 - 0.041
= 252.72 m
R.L. of bed = 252.72 - 2.10
= 250.62 m

(4) Transitions

The general method of Hinds shall be applied for designing the transitions, as the water depths in
the transitions vary from 2.10 m to 3.00 m

(a) Contraction transition

w.s.profile
1
R.L. 252.72 2
y1 = 0.112

x1= 5.85 R.L. 252.50

1
11.70 2
(All dim in m)
Contraction transition

Water level at section 1-1 - Water level at section 2-2

y1 =
2
252.72 - 252.50
=
2
= 0.1122

x1 Length of contraction transition

=
2
11.70
=
2
= 5.85 m

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 Office of Director Dam
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y1 0.112
C = = = 0.00328
x12 34.223

y = 0.00328 x2 (equation of water surface profile in contraction transition)

The details of the contraction transition have been worked out in Table 1

(b) Expansion transition

w.s.profile 4

3 R.L. 252.10
y1 = 0.065

R.L. 251.97
x1= 8.775
17.55 4
3
Expansion transition

Water level at section 4-4 - Water level at section 3-3

y1 =
2
252.10 - 251.97
=
2
= 0.0654 m

x1 Length of expansion transition

=
2
17.55
=
2
= 8.775 m
Hence,
y1 0.06541
C = = = 0.00085
x12 77.0006

y = 0.00085 x2 (equation of water surface profile in expansion transition )

The details of expansion transition have been worked out in Table 1

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Table 1

water Elevation Velocity Velocity side Area A= Bed Depth(D) Bed

Distance y=cx2 surface of head (hV) V= 2ghV slope 's' Q/V Level Col.(3) width
elevation T.E.L. (4) - (3) -Col(9) B = A/D
m m m m -sD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

From section 1-1 to 2-2 CONTRACTION TRANSITION

0 0.0000 252.720 252.761 0.041 0.901 1.500 :1 44.392 250.62 2.10 18.00
3.0 0.0295 252.690 252.752 0.062 1.099 1.115 :1 36.406 250.34 2.35 12.86
5.85 0.1122 252.608 252.742 0.135 1.627 0.750 :1 24.593 250.06 2.55 7.73
8.7 0.0295 252.525 252.733 0.208 2.021 0.385 :1 19.794 249.78 2.75 6.30
11.7 0.0000 252.495 252.724 0.228 2.116 0.00 :1 18.900 249.50 3.00 6.30
From section 3-3 to 4-4 EXPANSION TRANSITION
0 0.0000 251.969 252.197 0.228 2.116 0 :1 18.900 248.969 3.00 6.30
3 0.0076 251.977 252.188 0.211 2.035 0.256 :1 19.656 249.145 2.83 6.30
6 0.0306 252.000 252.178 0.179 1.872 0.513 :1 21.372 249.322 2.68 6.61
8.775 0.0654 252.035 252.169 0.135 1.627 0.750 :1 24.593 249.485 2.55 7.73
11.55 0.0306 252.069 252.161 0.091 1.337 0.987 :1 29.913 249.648 2.42 9.96
14.55 0.0076 252.092 252.151 0.059 1.072 1.244 :1 37.300 249.824 2.27 13.62
17.55 0.0000 252.100 252.141 0.041 0.901 1.500 :1 44.392 250.00 2.10 18.00

(5) Invert level

Bed level of drain = 251.80 m

Provide 0.30 m thick concrete slab and 0.60 m thick earth fill over the slab

Invert level of the concrete = 251.80 - ( 0.6 + 0.3 + 2.5 )

= 248.40 m
Invert level at the entrance and exit of the barrel shall be the same as the bed levels already
worked out at sections 2-2 and 3-3 respectively.

Thus the invert level at the entry = 249.495 m

The invert level at the exit = 248.969 m

The invert level of the barrel would be kept at 248.40 m in a length of 44.5 m
(under base of drain) after which it would meet the respective bed levels at the entrance and
exit, so as to obtain a slope of about 1in 15 in the barrel at either side.
Thus, Length of barrel upstream = 16.00 m
Length of barrel downstream = 8.00 m

The length of the pucca floor on either end should be adequate to provide safe hydraulic gradient
and its thickness sufficient to counterbalance the total uplift pressure by gravity. The barrel shall
be made of reinforced concrete box construction and its structural design is given subsequently.

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(6) Pucca Floor

Provide pucca floor in half the transition length in the upstream and 3/4 th the length of expansion
transition in the downstream.
Length of pucca floor upstream = 1/2 X 11.7
= 5.85 m
say 6.00 m
Length of pucca floor downstream = 3/4 X 17.55
= 13.16 m
= say 13.00 m
The floor shall be subjected to static uplift and seepage head; it is maximum when high flood is
passing through the drain and there is no flow in the barrel. The seepage head would be
calculated by Bligh's theory.

(7) Uplift pressures on the barrel floor and pucca floor

(a) Static pressure

At bottom of barrel floor

Deepest invert level of the barrel = 248.40 m

The thickness of the barrel is = 0.30 m
The bottom level of the barrel floor = 248.10 m
Assuming the sub-soil water level upto the bed level i.e.at R.L. 250.00 m, the maximum
static head = 250.00 - 248.10
= 1.90 m

At the downstream end of barrel

Floor level at d/s end of barrel = 248.969 m

Assuming floor thickness at this point 2.00 m,
The bottom level of pucca floor = 248.969 - 2.00
= 246.969 m
Hence,
Static head = 250.00 - 246.969
= 3.031 m

At the upstream end of barrel

Floor level at u/s end of barrel = 249.495 m

Assuming floor thickness at this point 1.50 m,
The bottom level of pucca floor = 249.495 - 1.50
= 247.995 m
Hence,
Static head = 250.62 - 247.995
= 2.624 m

(b) Seepage head

The seepage head will be maximum when the drain is running full and there is
no flow in the canal. Thus total seepage head =
= H.F.L. in the drain - Bed level of canal

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 Office of Director Dam
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= 253.25 - 250.00
= 3.25 m

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 Office of Director Dam
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At bottom of barrel floor

The residual seepage head at point 'a' in the centre of the first barrel has been calculated by
Bligh's theory. The seepage line would follow the path indicated by the line x a b y. Its total length
(neglecting floor depression or thickness) is the sum of the following

(i) Half the barrel span = 1.5 m

(ii) Length of barrel in indicated portion = 8.00 m
(iii) Length of pucca floor = 13.00 m

Thus total creep length = 22.50 m and creep length upto point 'a' i.e. centre of first
barreel= 1.5 m
c.c.floor

c.c.cutoff
8 13.00

a b
1.5 y
x
R.C.C.Barrel

Barrel Plan

Residual seepage head point 'a' = 3.033 m

Thus total uplift in the barrel = 1.90 + 3.033

= 4.93 m
say 4.93 t/m2

At the downstream end of barrel floor

total creep length upto the end of barrel floor i.e. at point b
= 1.5 + 8.0
= 9.5 m
Hence ,
Residual seepage head at this point = 1.88 m

Thus total uplift = Static uplift + residual seepage head

= 3.031 + 1.88
= 4.909 m
4.909
The floor thickness required (sp.gr.=2.22) = ----------- = 2.211 m
2.22
Say 2.20 m

Provide 2.20 m thick c.c.floor d/s and reduce it to thickness 0.90 m at the end of floor

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 Office of Director Dam
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At the upstream end of barrel floor

total creep length upto the end of barrel floor

= 1.5 + 16.00
= 17.5 m
Hence ,
Residual seepage head at this point = 0.83 m

Thus total uplift = Static uplift + residual seepage head

= 2.624 + 0.83
= 3.454 m
3.454
The floor thickness required (sp.gr.=2.22) = ----------- = 1.556 m
2.22
Say 1.60 m

Provide 1.60 m thick c.c.floor u/s and reduce it to thickness 0.70 m at the end of floor

********************** **********************

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 Office of Director Dam
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DRAIN
TRANSITION WING TRANSITION WING
4.28 4.28
B

R.C.C. BARRELS 0.30 M THICK

A A
3.00
18.00

18.00
CANAL 3.00

B
4.28 16.00 44.50 8.00 4.28

CONTRACTION TRANSITION EXPANSION TRANSITION

11.7 68.50 17.55

PLAN
0.60 TH. EARTH FILL
TOP OF WING WALL TOP OF WING WALL
R.L. 253.47 254.00 R.L. 252.85
R.L. 254.00 H.F.L. 253.25
U/S F.S.L. 252.72 D/S F.S.L. 252.10
CANAL
U/S BED R.L. 250.62 D/S R.L. 250.00
249.50 2.50 248.97
248.40

U/S TOE WALL U/S CUT OFF C.C. BLOCK 0.30 TH. R.C.C. BARREL LEAN CONCRETE C.C. BLOCK D/S CUT OFF D/S TOE WALL
DRY BRICK PITCHING 5.70 6.00 16.00 44.50 8.00 13.00 4.55 D.B. PITCHING

11.7 68.50 17.55

TOP OF BANK 254.00 SECTION AT A-A

H.F.L. OF DRAIN 253.25 DETAILS OF PROTECTION WORKS
BED LEVEL OF DRAIN 251.80 TOP OF BARREL ROOF 1 U/S TOE WALL 0.40 X 0.80
R.L. 251.20 2 U/S CUT OFF 0.50 X 1.00
3.10 3 C.C. BLOCK 0.50 X 0.50
R.L. 248.40
4 D/S CUT OFF 0.50 X 1.50
6.90 5 D/S TOE WALL 0.40 X 1.00

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SECTION AT B-B 6 LEAN CONCRETE 0.15 M THICK
7 D.B.PITCHING 0.40 M THICK
M THICK
DETAILS OF TRANSITION WINGS

TRANSITION WING TRANSITION WING

4.275 4.275
18.00

13.62

18.00
7.73

6.30

6.30

6.30

6.61

7.73

9.96
###

6.00
3.00 8.78
5.85 11.55
4.275 8.70 14.55 4.275
11.70 17.55

CONTRACTION TRANSITION EXPANSION TRANSITION

DETAILS OF PUCCA FLOOR

0.70 0.90
1.15

1.30
1.60

1.70
2.20

2.00
4.00 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25
6.00
13.00

U/S PUCCA FLOOR D/S PUCCA FLOOR

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 Office of Director Dam
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STRUCURAL DESIGN OF A CANAL SYPHON

NAME OF PROJECT : Case study, Design example 9.4/p394

DESIGN DATA :

1 UNIT WEIGHT OF DRY EARTH 1.60 t/m3

2 UNIT WEIGHT OF SATURATED EARTH 2.00 t/m3

3 UNIT WEIGHT OF SUBMERGED EARTH 1.00 t/m3

4 UNIT WEIGHT OF CONCRETE 2.40 t/m3

5 ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION ( f ) 30 Degree

6 GRADE OF STEEL Fe 415

7 GRADE OF CONCRETE M 20

6 DIAMETER OF REINF. BARS Main 16 F

Dist 12 F

7 NUMBER OF BARRELS 2 Nos.

8 WIDTH OF EACH BARREL 3.00 m

9 HEIGHT OF EACH BARREL 2.50 m

10 THICKNESS OF BARREL 0.30 m

11 BANK LEVEL 254.00 m

11 DRAIN H.F.L. 253.25 m

12 LEVEL AT TOP OF BARREL 251.20 M

13 UPLIFT AT BASE OF BARREL 4.93 t/m2

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 Office of Director Dam
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(1) Critical section of the barrel

The barrel shall be subjected to maximum loading under the bank at the lowest possible
level of the barrel as indicated below in the following section:-

Bank level 254.00 m

Saturation line 253.25 m

R.L. 251.20 m

2.50

R.L. 248.40 m
R.L. 248.10 m
6.90

(2) Design features

Following cosiderations have been made in the design of barrels :

(i) Bottom slab : This design is for uplift pressure and reaction from soil resulting from
the loading on the foundations. Theoretically, the soil reaction is not uniform but for
simplification it is assumed uniform.
(ii) side walls : Side walls would be tested in the following two critical conditions
(a) High flood in the drain while barrels are empty
(b) No water in the drain while barrels are full
(iii) Partition walls : The partition walls are subjected to equal pressures on either side, and
therefore,no reinforcement is required. Nominal reinforcement is, however,
provided to take care of contingency arising due to unequal pressures
resulting from chocking up of any of the barrels.
(iv) Top slab : The loads considered for design of top slab are :
(a) Earth load,
(b) Weight of water below saturation line
As there is no roadway along the drain, no live load due to traffic shall be considered.

(3) Design

As the barrels are rigidly joined, they should be designed as a continuous structure. Hardy Cross
method of moment distribution shall be used for design.
The effective length of horizontal member = 3.30 m
The effective length of vertical member = 2.80 m

Distribution factors

At joint A
2.8
For member AB = = 0.46
2.8 + 3.3

3.3
For member AD = = 0.54
2.8 + 3.3

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 Office of Director Dam
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At joint D
3.3
For member DA = = 0.54
2.8 + 3.3

2.8
For member DC = = 0.46
2.8 + 3.3

(i) Dead loads

Consider one meter length of barrel

Depth of dry earth over barrel = 254.00 - 253.25 = 0.75 m
Depth of saturated earth = 253.25 - 251.20 = 2.05 m

Weight of dry and saturard earth = 0.75 X 1.60 + 2.05 X 2.00

= 5.3 t/m2

Weight of top slab = 0.30 X 2.40 = 0.72 t/m2

Weight on the top slab including its own weight = 5.3 + 0.72
= 6.02 t/m2

Weight of the barrels per metre of length

=( 4 X 3.3 + 3 X 2.8 ) X 0.30 X 2.40
= 15.55 t

Total dead load/m length of barrels = 15.55 + 5.3 X 6.90

= 52.12 t
Uplift/m length = 4.93 X 6.90 = 34.04 t

Net vertical load acting on foundation = 52.122 - 34.04

= 18.08 t

18.082
Pressure on foundation soil = = 2.62 t/m2
6.90

Pressure acting on the base slab = Soil reaction + uplift

= 2.62 + 4.93
= 7.55 t/m 2

Net upward pressure on the base slab = 7.55 - 0.72

= 6.83 t/m2

(ii) Earth pressure

The earth pressure shall comprise of the following :

(a) dry earth pressure above saturation line from R.L. 253.25 to 254.00
(b) saturated earth pressure from R.L. 253.25 to 248.25

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Corresponding to f = 30 degree , Cp = 1/3

The pressure at A= Surcharge due to dry earth + Surcharge due to saturated earth
= Cp X wd X 0.75 + Cp X ws X 2.20
+ w X 2.20
= 1/3 X 1.60 X 0.75 + 1/3 X 1.0 X 2.20
+ 1 X 2.20
= 3.33 t/m2

Pressure at D = 3.33 + Cp X ws X 2.8 + w X 2.8

= 3.33 + 1/3 X 1.00 X 2.8 + 1 X 2.8
= 7.07 t/m2

Loads acting on different members are shown below :

6.02 t/m2
3.33 t/m 2
3.33 t/m2
A B E
3.30 3.30

2.80
D C F
7.07 t/m2 D 7.07 t/m2
6.83 t/m 2

(iii) Fixing moments

wl2 6.02 X 3.3 2

(i) On span AB = 12 = 12

= 5.46 t-m

wl2 6.83 X 3.3 2

(ii) On span CD = 12 = 12

= 6.20 t-m

(iii) On span AD fixed end moments in the wall at each end due to rectangular portion

wl2 3.33 X 2.8 2

= 12 = 12

= 2.178 t-m

Fixed end moments due to triangular portion

3.73 X 2.8 2

MAD = 30
= 0.9756 t-m
MDA = 3.73 X 2.8 2

20

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 Office of Director Dam
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= 1.4635 t-m

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Total fixed end moments at A = 2.178 + 0.976

= 3.15 t-m

Total fixed end moments at D = 2.178 + 1.4635

= 3.64 t-m

(iv) Distribution of moments

Joints C D A B
Distribution 0.46 0.54 0.54 0.46
factors
Fixed end -6.20 6.20 -3.64 3.15 -5.46 5.46
moments
Balance -1.18 -1.39 1.25 1.06
Carry over -0.59 0.62 -0.69 0.53
Balance -0.29 -0.34 0.37 0.32
Carry over -0.14 0.19 -0.17 0.16
Balance -0.09 -0.10 0.09 0.08
Carry over -0.04 0.05 -0.05 0.04
Balance -0.02 -0.02 0.03 0.02

Total -6.98 4.63 -4.63 3.98 -3.98 6.19

(v) Net moments at centre and face

Span AB
6.02 X 3.3 6.02 X 0.15 2
Sagging moments at face = ------------------- X 0.15 - -----------------------------
2 2

= 1.4222 t-m

3.15
Fixing moments at face= 3.98 + ( 6.19 - 3.98 )
3.3

= 6.0907 t-m

Net fixing moments at face = 6.0907 - 1.422

= 4.6685 t-m

Sagging moments at centre = 6.02 X 3.3 2

8
= 8.1947 t-m

Fixing moments at centre = 3.98 + 6.19

2
= 5.0876 t-m

Net sagging moments at centre = 8.195 - 5.088

= 3.107 t-m

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Span CD

6.83 X 3.3 6.83 X 0.15 2

Sagging moments at face = -------------------- X 0.15 - ----------------------------
2 2

= 1.6145 t-m

Fixing moments at face= 3.15

4.63 + ( 6.98 - 4.63 )
3.3

= 6.8693 t-m

Net fixing moments at face = 6.8693 - 1.61451

= 5.2548 t-m

Sagging moments at centre = 6.83 X 3.3 2

= 9.3027 t-m

Fixing moments at centre = 6.98 + 4.63

2

= 5.8043 t-m

Net sagging moments at centre = 9.303 - 5.804

= 3.498 t-m

Span AD

(a) Due to rectangular portion

3.33 X 2.8 3.33 X 0.15 2

= X 0.15 -
2 2

= 0.6625 t-m

(a) Due to triangular portion

3.73 X 2.8 1 0.2 X 0.15

= X X 0.15 - X 0.05
2 3 2

= 0.2606 t-m
Total sagging moments at face = 0.662 + 0.261
= 0.92 t-m

Fixing moments at face = 3.98 + 2.65 ( 4.63 - 3.98 )

2.8
= 4.598 t-m

Program by- Sunil K Goyal Structural 21 Checked by - P P Pareek

 Office of Director Dam
368513587.xls
I.D.R.,Jaipur

Net fixing moments at face = 4.598 - 0.92

= 3.67 t-m

Sagging moments at centre

(a) Due to rectangular portion = 3.33 X 2.80 2

8
= 3.27 t-m

(b) Due to triangular portion = 3.73 X 2.80 1

X 2.8 X
2 7.81
= 1.87 t-m

Total sagging moments at centre = 3.27 + 1.87

= 5.14 t-m

4.63 + 3.98
Fixing moments at centre =
2

= 4.31 t-m

Net sagging moments at centre = 5.14 - 4.31

= 0.83 t-m

The net moments at face and centre of the different spans are tabulated below :

MOMENTS
Span
At face At centre
AB 4.67 t-m (hogging) 3.11 t-m (sagging)
CD 5.25 t-m (hogging) 3.50 t-m (sagging)
AD 3.67 t-m (hogging) 0.83 t-m (sagging)

(vi) Thickness of members

The maximum moment in the barrels is 5.25 t-m

For M 20 grade concrete and steel of Fe 415

scbc = 70 Kg/cm2 s st
= 1500.00 Kg/cm2
m = 13
k = 0.378
j = 0.874
Q = 11.552
The minimum effective thickness (d) required for bending moment

M 5.25 X 105
d = =
bQ 100 X 11.552

= 21.33 cm
Adopt overall thickness of all the members = 30.0 cm
Then effective thickness = 25.20 cm

Program by- Sunil K Goyal Structural 22 Checked by - P P Pareek

 Office of Director Dam
368513587.xls
I.D.R.,Jaipur

(clear cover = 4.0 cm )

Program by- Sunil K Goyal Structural 23 Checked by - P P Pareek

 Office of Director Dam
368513587.xls
I.D.R.,Jaipur

The reinforcement required at various points is given below :

(vii) Reinforcement

Span AB & BE
Moments in t-m Reinforcement required

At face 4.67 t-m (hogging) At = 14.13 Cm2

Provide 16 mm bars @ 14.0 cm c/c
At centre 3.11 t-m (sagging) At = 9.40 Cm2
Provide 16 mm bars @ 21.0 cm c/c
Span CD & CF
Moments in t-m Reinforcement required

At face 5.25 t-m (hogging) At = 15.90 Cm2

Provide 16 mm bars @ 12.0 cm c/c
At centre 3.50 t-m (sagging) At = 10.59 Cm2
Provide 16 mm bars @ 18.0 cm c/c
Span AD & EF
Moments in t-m Reinforcement required

At face 3.67 t-m (hogging) At = 11.12 Cm2

Provide 16 mm bars @ 18.0 cm c/c
At centre 0.83 t-m (sagging) At = 2.52 Cm2
Provide 16 mm bars @ 25.0 cm c/c

Nominal steel shall also be provided on the outer face of the walls for the condition when there is
no water in the drain and barrels are running full. The details of reinforcement are shown below

16 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
16 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
12 mm f @ 25.0 cm c/c
16 mm f @ 21.0 cm c/c

C.C. M - 20 16 mm f @ 25.0 cm c/c 12 mm f @ 25.0 cm c/c

16 mm f @ 18.0 cm c/c

16 mm f @ 12.0 cm c/c clear cover = 4.00 cm

16 mm f @ 18.0 cm c/c

0.30 3.00 m 0.30 3.00 0.30

DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENT IN SYPHON BARRELS

Program by- Sunil K Goyal Structural 24 Checked by - P P Pareek

 Office of Director Dam
368513587.xls
I.D.R.,Jaipur

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Program by- Sunil K Goyal Structural 25 Checked by - P P Pareek