A R DIGITECH

International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology

(ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ,ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2, 01/04/2014

Optimum Stress Analysis of Crane hook

With the help of Finite Element
Tushar Hire*1, Dr. V.N.Bartaria*2
*1 (M.Tech Scholar Student, Mechanical Department, LNCT, Bhopal, India)
*2 (Guide & HOD of Mechanical Department, LNCT, India)

Abstract
Generally the Crane hook, made of steel, is a crucial part of
heavy industries. Crane hook are highly significant component
used for lifting the load with the help of chain or links. These
crane hooks have an important role to play as for as the crane
loaded is concerned. To study the stress pattern in crane
hooks; analytical and experimental methods are used. These
stress exceed the designed values, failure of crane hook may
take place.
Keywords Crane Hooks, Stress Analysis, Structure
Analysis, Thermal Analysis, FEA
models of crane hooks trapezoidal cross-section. Also for
rectangular hooks stress analysis is done by using method of
photoelasticity. [2] To study the stress pattern of crane hook in
its loaded condition, a solid model of crane hook is prepared
with help of CMM and CAD software.[3] The stress
distribution pattern is verified for its correctness on model of
crane hook using (Winkler Bach theory) for curved beams. [4]
The hooks was tested on the UTM machine in tension to
located the area having maximum stress and located the yield
point. [5]

INTRODUCTION
Stress analysis is material property that is widely used and
recognized is the strength of material. Where the properties of
materials are studied as they change with loaded. The
manufacturing of crane hook is very long process. Hooks are
load- transmitting various components that are most often used
in conjunction with chains and other equipment. Products are
designated just like clevis hooks, grab hooks, or eye hooks, and
are used to connect lifting and rigging attachments. Most
industrial products like hooks, which are forged from alloy
steel, stainless steel, or carbon steel, and then quenched and
heat treated, tempered.
Finite element analysis is applied to find out the stress in
the critical section where maximum stress is induced. [1]
The investigations indicate that the damaged or broken
parts are generally too expensive to replace and generally are
not easily available. This problem it needs design of a new
part. Life of the hook was shortened considerably because the
material was in the as-forged condition, which outcome in low
fatigue strength.

I. LITERATURE REVIEW

The maximum stress produced within the member is located

and indentified using finite element method. Further Design of Fig: - Crank Hook
experiment (DOE) is applied by varying the length of two
parallel sides of the Trapezoidal Hook and its effects are
studied on the basic of Stress, Mass, displacement and energy III. FAILURE OF CRANE HOOK
stored with the hook.[1] The stress pattern in crane hooks,
analytical, numerical and experimental method are used. These Hooks are failure can occur due to cumulative fatigue
Finite element analyses have been performed on various or overloading or mechanical abuse of the hook. The crane

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology
(ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in,ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2, 01/04/2014
operator may not get any prior warning in the case of a fatigue
failure. The load/stress level is dependent on fatigue failure
and the number of lifting cycles.
Strain aging embrittlement due to continuous loading and
unloading change the microstructure. Tensile stress and
bending stress, plastic deformation due to overloading,
weakening of hook due to wear, and excessive thermal
stresses are some of the other reasons for failure of hooks.
Hence continuous use of crane hooks may increase the
magnitude of these stresses and ultimately result in failure of
the hook. [3]
IV. SELECTION OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES
These materials are used different industries manufacture are
Crane Hook. Now a days most probability of economic
progress of steel industry is very high because steel is rapidly
use in many industries just like manufacturing industries,
building, infrastructure for overall economic development.
V. PROPOSED MODEL.
Fig: - Flow Chart for FEA
VI. CATIA
CATIA started as an in-house development in 1977 by French
air manufacturer Avions Marcel Dassault, at that time
customer of the CAD/CAM/CAE software to develop
Dassault's Mirage fighter jet. CATIA has a strong presence in
the Industrial Equipment industry.
It is a multi-platform CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software
suite developed by the French company Dassault Systemes.
Written in the C++ programming language, CATIA is the
cornerstone of the Dassault Systemes product lifecycle
management software suite. CATIA supports multiple stages
of product development, including conceptualization, design
(CAD), manufacturing (CAM). CATIA facilitates
collaborative engineering across disciplines, including
surfacing & shape design, mechanical engineering, and
equipment and systems engineering. CATIA provides a suite
of surfacing, reverse engineering, and visualization solutions
to create, modify, and validate complex innovative shapes,
from subdivision, styling, and Class A surfaces to mechanical
functional surfaces.
CATIA can be applied to a wide variety of industries, from
aerospace and defense, industrial equipment, and automotive,
to high tech, shipbuilding, consumer goods, plant design,
consumer packaged goods, life sciences, architecture and
construction, process power and petroleum, and services.
VII. ANSYS
ANSYS is engineering simulation software. ANSYS offers
engineering simulation solution sets in engineering simulation
that is required in design process. Now a days every
Company in a wide variety of use ANSYS software. The
study of physical responses, such as stress levels, temperature
distributions, or electromagnetic fields. The general
instructions on performing finite element analyses for any
engineering discipline see the Basic Analysis Guide, the
Meshing Guide and Modeling, and Advanced Analysis Guide.
The ansys program is capable of simulating problems in a
wide range of engineering disciplines. This information about
performing of specific types of analysis (structural, thermal,
etc.) and the applicable Analysis Guide.
Structural Analysis: deformation, stress, and strain
fields, as well as reaction forces in a solid body.
Thermal Analysis: Time-dependent temperature field or
Steady-state and heat flux in a solid body.
ANSYS Analysis Approach: The whole process of any
FEA could be divided into three broad sections into the
following stages.
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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology
(ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in,ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2, 01/04/2014
[4] Yogesh Tripathi1, U.K Joshi2; Comparison of Stress between Winkler-
Bach Theory and Ansys Finite Element Method for Crane Hook With a
Trapezoidal Cross-Section. Volume; 02 Issues: 09 Sep-2013.
[5] Ajeet Bergaley, Anshuman Purohit; Structural Analysis of crane Hook
Using Finite Element Method. Volume-1, Issue-10, September 2013.

TABLE No. - 1

VII. CONCLUSIONS

This paper described design and analysis procedure of

crane hook. The main aim of this paper proposed model is to
improve quality of crane hook to withstand bending stress and
structural stresses and at the same time reduce stress
concentration of the crane hook. Finite Element Analysis are
using different alloys of steel are tested for maximum stiffness,
maximum bending stress, shear stress and structural stress.

REFERENCES

[1] Santosh Sahu1 , Ritesh Dewangan2, Manas Patnaik3, Narendra Yadav4;

Study of Crane Hook having Trapezoidal Section by Finite Element Method
& Design of Experiments. Vol.2, Issue-4, July-Aug 2012 pp-2779-2781.
[2] G. U. Rajurkar, Dr. D. V. Bhope, S. D. Khamannkar; Investigation of
Stresses in Crane Hook by FEM.Vol.2 Issue 8, August-2013.
[3] Rashmi Uddanwadiker; Stress Analysis of Crane Hook and Validation by
Photo-Elasticity. Engineering, 2011, 3, 935-941.