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Multiple Choice
25. In multiple regression analysis, residual analysis is used to test the requirement that
A) the variation in the residuals is the same for all fitted values of Y
B) the independent variables are the direct cause of the dependent variable
C) the number of independent variables included in the analysis is correct
D) prediction error is minimized
Answer: A Difficulty: Medium Goal: 6 AACSB: AS
29. If the coefficient of multiple determination is 0.81, what percent of variation is not explained?
A) 19%
B) 90%
C) 66%
D) 81%
Answer: A Goal: 3
30. In multiple regression analysis, testing the global null hypothesis that the multiple regression
coefficients are all zero is based on
A) a z statistic
B) a t statistic
C) a F statistic
D) binomial distribution
Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Goal: 2
34. In the general multiple regression equation which of the following variables represents the Y
intercept?
A) b1
B) x1
C) Y
D) a
Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
35. If there are four independent variables in a multiple regression equation, there are also four
A) Y-intercepts.
B) regression coefficients.
C) dependent variables.
D) constant terms.
Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
37. If a multiple regression analysis is based on ten independent variables collected from a sample of 125
observations, what will be the value of the denominator in the calculation of the multiple standard error of
estimate?
A) 125
B) 10
C) 114
D) 115
Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3
39. If the correlation between the two independent variables of a regression analysis is 0.11 and each
independent variable is highly correlated to the dependent variable, what does this indicate?
A) Only one of the independent variables should be used in the regression equation.
B) The independent variables are strongly related.
C) Two separate regression equations are required.
D) Both independent variables should be used to predict the dependent variable.
Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7
40. What does the correlation matrix for a multiple regression analysis contain?
A) Multiple correlation coefficients
B) Simple correlation coefficients
C) Multiple coefficients of determination
D) Multiple standard errors of estimate
Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7
41. What can we conclude if the global test of regression does not reject the null hypothesis?
A) A strong relationship exists among the variables
B) No relationship exists between the dependent variable and any of the independent variables
C) The independent variables are good predictors
D) Good forecasts are possible
Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Goal: 4
42. What can we conclude if the global test of regression rejects the null hypothesis?
A) Strong correlations exist among the variables
B) No relationship exists between the dependent variable and any of the independent variables
C) At least one of the net regression coefficients is not equal to zero.
D) Good predictions are not possible
Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Goal: 4
43. What are the degrees of freedom associated with the regression sum of squares?
A) Number of independent variables
B) 1
C) F-ratio
D) (n 2)
Answer: A Difficulty: Medium Goal: 2 AACSB: AS
45. In a regression analysis, three independent variables are used in the equation based on a sample of
forty observations. What are the degrees of freedom associated with the F-statistic?
A) 3 and 39
B) 4 and 40
C) 3 and 36
D) 2 and 39
Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Goal: 4
46. Hypotheses concerning individual regression coefficients are tested using which statistic?
A) t-statistic
B) z-statistic
C) 2 (chi-square statistic)
D) F
Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Goal: 5
48. What happens as the scatter of data values about the regression plane increases?
A) Standard error of estimate increases
B) R 2 decreases
C) (1 R 2 ) increases
D) Error sum of squares increases
E) All of the above are correct
Answer: E Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3 AACSB: AS
Scrambling: Locked
50. The best example of a null hypothesis for a global test of a multiple regression model is:
A) H O : 1 2 3 4
B) H O : 1 2 3 4
C) H 0 : 1 0
D) If F is greater than 20.00 then reject
Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Goal: 4
51. The best example of an alternate hypothesis for a global test of a multiple regression model is:
A) H 1 : 1 2 3 4
B) H 1 : 1 2 3 4
C) H 1 : Not all the ' s are 0
D) If F is less than 20.00 then fail to reject
Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Goal: 4
52. The best example of a null hypothesis for testing an individual regression coefficient is:
A) H O : 1 2 3 4
B) H O : 1 2 3 4
C) H 0 : 1 0
D) If F is greater than 20.00 then reject
Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Goal: 5 AACSB: AS
55. Multiple regression analysis is applied when analyzing the relationship between
A) An independent variable and several dependent variables
B) A dependent variable and several independent variables
C) Several dependent variables and several independent variables
D) Several regression equations and a single sample
Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
Multiple Choice
In c o m e E d u c a tio n Jo b A ge
In c o m e 1 .0 0 0
E d u c a tio n 0 .6 7 7 1 .0 0 0
Job 0 .1 7 3 0 .1 8 1 1 .0 0 0
A ge 0 .3 6 9 0 .0 7 3 0 .6 8 9 1 .0 0 0
70. Which independent variable has the strongest association with the dependent variable?
A) Income
B) Age
C) Education
D) Job
Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Goal: 7
71. Which independent variable has the weakest association with the dependent variable?
A) Income
B) Age
C) Education
D) Job
Answer: D Difficulty: Medium Goal: 7
Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice
A N O VA
df SS M S F
R e g re s s io n 3 1 0 0 4 3 4 6 .7 7 1 3 3 4 7 8 2 .2 5 7 5 .9 6
R e s id u a l 26 1 4 6 1 1 3 4 .5 9 6 5 6 1 9 7 .4 8 4 4 5
T o ta l 29 2 4 6 5 4 8 1 .3 6 7
C o e ffic ie n ts S ta n d a rd E rro r t S ta t P -v a lu e
In te rc e p t 7 8 4 .9 2 3 2 2 .2 5 2 .4 4 0 .0 2
S e rv ic e 9 .1 9 3 .2 0 2 .8 7 0 .0 1
G ender 2 2 2 .7 8 8 9 .0 0 2 .5 0 0 .0 2
Job -2 8 .2 1 8 9 .6 1 - 0 .3 1 0 .7 6
101. Based on the ANOVA and a 0.05 significance level, the global null hypothesis test of the multiple
regression model
A) Will be rejected and conclude that monthly salary is related to all of the independent variables
B) Will be rejected and conclude that monthly salary is related to at least one of the independent
variables.
C) Will not be rejected.
D) Will show a high multiple coefficient of determination
Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Goal: 4
104. In the regression model, which of the following are dummy variables?
A) Intercept
B) Service
C) Service and gender
D) Gender and job
E) Service, gender, and job
Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Goal: 8 AACSB: AS
108. How are scatter diagrams used to evaluate the assumptions of linear regression?
Answer: A scatter diagram can be used to evaluate the assumption of linearity. For each independent
variable, the dependent variable can be plotted against the independent variable. These plots provide
evidence of linear relationships. Difficulty: Medium Goal: 6 AACSB: CA
109. How are residual plots drawn and used to evaluate the assumptions of linear regression?
Answer: A residual plot graphs the residuals against the values of one of the independent variables. A
residual plot is graphed for each independent variable. To support the assumptions of equal variation for
small and large values of the independent variable, the points should be evenly distributed above and
below zero and evenly distributed over all values of the independent variable. Difficulty: Hard
Goal: 6
Fill-in-the-Blank
111. What is the predicted GPA for a student with an IQ of 108, 32 hours spent studying per week and a
high school average of 82? _____
Answer: 3.249 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 10
112. What is the predicted GPA if the IQ is 108, the number of hours spent studying is 30, and the high
school average is 82? ______
Answer: 3.029 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 10
113. Assuming other independent variables are held constant, what effect on the GPA will there be if the
numbers of hours spent studying per week increases from 32 to 36? ________
Answer: The answer depends on the value of hours studied per week Difficulty: Hard Goal:
10
114. How many independent variables are in the regression equation? ___
Answer: four Difficulty: Hard Goal: 10
115. How will a student's GPA be affected if the students high school average was 80 and an additional
hour is spent studying each weeknight? ________
Answer: increases by 0.551 Difficulty: Hard Goal: 10
True/False
1. Multiple regression analysis is used when two or more independent variables are used to predict a
value of a single dependent variable.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1 AACSB: AS
3. The values of b1, b2 and b3 in a multiple regression equation are called the net regression coefficients.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
4. A net regression coefficient, b3, indicates the change in the predicted value for a unit change in X3
when all other Xi variables are held constant.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
5. Multiple regression analysis examines the relationship of several dependent variables on the
independent variable.
Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
6. A multiple regression equation defines the relationship between a dependent variable and a set of
independent variables in the form of an equation.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1 AACSB: AS
7. In multiple regression analysis, a and b1 are sample statistics that estimate the population parameters,
and i .
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
8. The coefficient of multiple determination reports the strength of the association between a dependent
variable and a set of independent variables.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 3
11. A coefficient of multiple determination equaling 0.99 shows that the dependent variable is inversely
related to a set of independent variables.
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 3
12. Multiple R 2 measures the proportion of explained variation relative to total variation.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 3 AACSB: AS
13. The multiple coefficient of determination, R 2 , reports the proportion of the variation in Y that is not
explained by the variation in the set of independent variables.
Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3
14. A correlation matrix shows individual correlation coefficients for all pairs of variables.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7
15. A correlation matrix can be used to assess multicollinearity between independent variables.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7 AACSB: AS
16. A correlation matrix can be used to assess homoscedasticity between independent variables.
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7
17. To test the global hypothesis in multiple regression analysis, a t-statistic is used.
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 2
18. To test the global hypothesis in multiple regression analysis, an F-statistic is used.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 2 AACSB: AS
19. A dummy variable is added to the regression equation to control for error.
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 8
21. Autocorrelation often happens when data has been collected over periods of time.
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 7
22. Homoscedasticity occurs when the variance of the residuals ( Y Y ) is different for different values
of Y .
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 6 AACSB: AS
23. In multiple regression analysis, a residual is the difference between the value of an independent
variable and its corresponding dependent variable value.
Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Goal: 6
24. In multiple regression analysis, a residual is the difference between the value of a dependent variable,
Y, and its predicted value, Y .
Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Goal: 6
Fill-in-the-Blank
56. Violating the need for successive observations of the dependent variable to be uncorrelated is called
____________________________.
Answer: autocorrelation Difficulty: Medium Goal: 7
58. In multiple regression analysis, a variable whose possible outcomes are coded as a "1" or a "0" is
called a(n) __________________________ .
Answer: dummy variable Difficulty: Easy Goal: 8
59. If a dependent variable and one or more independent variables are inversely related, what is the sign
for the regression coefficients of the independent variables? ______________
Answer: negative Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
61. In a multiple regression analysis ANOVA table, what determines the number of degrees of freedom
associated with the regression sum of squares? ____________________ .
Answer: the number of independent variables Difficulty: Medium Goal: 2
63. What is the proportion of total variation in the dependent variable that is explained by the
independent variable for a multiple R 2 = 0.90? _______
Answer: 90% or 0.90 Difficulty: Easy Goal: 3
64. Given a multiple linear regression equation Y = 5.1 + 2.2X1 3.5X2, what will a unit increase in the
independent variable, X2, , mean in the change of Y assuming other things are held constant? ________
Answer: -3.5 Difficulty: Easy Goal: 1
65. When the variance of the differences between the actual and the predicted values of the dependent
variable are approximately the same, the variables are said to exhibit
_______________________________.
Answer: homoscedasticity Difficulty: Medium Goal: 6
66. A method for selecting the best subset of variables in a multiple regression equation is:
____________
Answer: Stepwise Regression Difficulty: Easy Goal: 9 AACSB: AS
Fill-in-the-Blank
72. What is the predicted GPA for a student with an IQ of 108, 32 hours spent studying per week and a
high school average of 82? _____
Answer: 3.1446 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
74. Assuming other independent variables are held constant, what effect on the GPA will there be if the
numbers of hours spent studying per week increases from 32 to 36? ________
Answer: +0.428 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
75. For which independent variable does a unit change have the least effect on GPA?
___________________
Answer: high school average X 3 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
76. For which independent variable does a unit change have the greatest effect on the GPA?
________________
Answer: hours spent studying per week X 2 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
77. How many dependent variables are in the regression equation? ___
Answer: one Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
78. How will a student's GPA be affected if an additional hour is spent studying each weeknight?
________
Answer: increases by 0.535 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
Fill-in-the-Blank
81. Which of the following has the most influence on salary -- 20 years of seniority, 5 years of college or
attaining 55 years of age? _______
Answer: 20 years of seniority Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3 AACSB: AS
82. If the other variables are held constant, how does an increase of one level of responsibility affect
salary? ___________
Answer: +$3,554 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
84. What proportion of the total variation in salary is accounted for by the set of independent variables?
___________
Answer: 91.4% Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3
85. What is the value of the denominator in the calculation of the multiple standard error of estimate?
___________
Answer: 15 Difficulty: Hard Goal: 3
86. Test the hypothesis that the regression coefficient for age is equal to 0 at the 0.05 significance level.
___________
Answer: d.f. = 15, t = - 0.238, t-critical = 2.131, fail to reject. Difficulty: Hard Goal: 5
88. Which variable in the model is the most significant predictor of tire production? __________
Answer: X 1 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 5
89. What is the proportion of variation in tires produced by our predictor variables in the model?
________
Answer: 0.69 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 3
90. Which variable in the model is the least significant in predicting tire production? _________
Answer: X 2 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 5
92. How much does tire production increase for every thousand cars produced two years ago? _____
Answer: 670 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
93. How much does tire production change for every thousand cars produced three years ago? _____
Answer: 2,120 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
95. What is the selling price of a house with 1000 square feet? ______
Answer: $195,000 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
96. What is the selling price of a house with 1500 square feet? ______
Answer: $305,000 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
97. What is the selling price of a house with 2000 square feet? ______
Answer: $465,000 Difficulty: Medium Goal: 1
98. What is the difference in selling prices of a house with 1600 square feet and one with 1700 square
feet? ______
Answer: $30,000 ($363,000 - $333,000) Difficulty: Hard Goal: 1
99. What is the difference in selling prices of a house with 1700 square feet and one with 1800 square
feet? ______
Answer: $32,000 ($395,000 - $363,000) Difficulty: Hard Goal: 1
100. What is the difference in selling prices of a house with 1650 square feet and one with 1750 square
feet? ______
Answer: $31,000 ($378,750 - $347,750) Difficulty: Hard Goal: 1