1

.
.

..






.


.


.




.




..














.




.




.





.






.







.







.































2


















-.

-.

-.
-.

-.

-.

,,, ,,,

,,

, ,,
,
.%,,,
,,,
.%

.% .%

-




3








/

 ,,, .%
,, . %

, , .%

,, .%

, .%

, .%

,
, .%
.%

, ,, ,,

%
.% .%

, ,, , ,

. % .%

,, , ,,

, 4




-

-



(

(

)


(


)

=



)
























































(




















-





















(








-





















5


























)


-






,







































-
























6



























)

-
-

,
(

, .. , ...


(.%)
( , , ... (.%)


, ... .%



, ...



.%



) 7
,)
,

 , ...

-
() -, , , ,
, , ,

- , , , , , ,
() -
,
( ) -, , , , , ,

() - , , , ,


() - ( )
-, , , ,



()
- , =

, , , , , ,
, ,

()

,

()

--

( )
(, , , )
--


( )

(- ) ... -

( )
,
( )
... ...

-

9
 -. , . , .
(, ), . ( - ),
. ( ), . (), .
( ), . - ( ),
. -, . ( ), .
( ), . ( ),
. (-, , ), .
(-), . ( -
), . (), . (
)

-
-
( )

10
 .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(

)

.
11


, ,

-





















-








-














.







,



-















,
,

-

,







,
, ,







,

,


























12









,
,
, ,
,











,



















,




















,


,



















.









,



,











, 13




















-

,



(
, )

-
,

----,

--


,

--
,

,
:
,
,

,
14

 ,

,

,

--,
--
---,
-
,

,

,

,

15

)
(








)








-



-




(
(





(



)






)(



















)
(






(





)












-
))




















16














-





-




(





(
)







(





)







(
)


-






/



(












/
=

-





)
(


-





(











)

(








)
(







)
(







)








)
17












(








-

( =

d
(

(
,


(
)

-

)

-




18

,
-

 )
(
(

7665. shabar (shaw-bar') A primitive root; to burst

)
(literally or figuratively) -- break (down, off, in pieces, up),

broken((-hearted)), bring to the birth, crush, destroy,

,


hurt,
quench, X quite, tear, view (by mistake for sabar).

-
/



)

-

(


/

)
(

-
)
(
-

)
(
,

)
(

)

-

)
19
/


() -

(
(
(
()
)
(

) -()




()


- -



.. ( )

( )



-

() -
-

-




-, -



- ( /)-





(- )-
-



(- (/)- -








()
, +
-=







-

20
)

 ,


( - )

, , ,

21


( //)
, = ,
() =
, = , = ,

- ,
... ( ,
/)
, ,
,
-
-
() - ,
-
(
- , //)
-
() -
()
() -
(, , )

() -
- , ,

22

,


, ,

,

(
- ) ()

, -








, ,

, -, ,
,

,
,

23

(/)
- -
-
- , -








-







-
( ,
//)
: :
: ( )

(,
///)

24
= -


- ()



--

(
) - ,
(, ), - ( ,
), - ,
( , x )




(
, )
-


, , -
,
,

25

( - /, /, .
/, //)

-
() - -
- - -
,
, ,
-
,

- ,



( /)

( )


- - -
()- -- -
--- --- --
- -- --
- --- -

-

26
 ,

,

- -- --
() -
, , , ,
( - )



( //, ///,
///)
=
?
?


( ///)
=
-



( //, ///)

27
= ,
-
- ?

(, /)
= , ,
,

() -


( , /)
-

,

() -- - ,
,
-



( /)

28


( , )


,
(, )
() - -
, ,




( //, //, /,
//)
= ( +
, )
-
-

() - -

-

29

(, /)

( //)

( //)

( //)
--


( )
- , ,
, ,
,

--
+ =

,

( )
- /)
( ///)
( ///)
-
-
,

30

, ,
, , , ,

- - ,
-



,

,
-,




() ( /)
( //)
( //)
( //)
( //)
-, , , ,
() -


(. /)
( //) (drops)

31
 , ,

( //, //, . .
/, . ///, ///, //,
//, . /, /,/, . ///) ()
-
,
-

() -
,
,
, ,
, ,
- = , = ,

, - ,

-
,
( )
, , - ( )
(
/) ,
( /)

32

( ///)
(
/)
( ///)
( ///)

( ///)
()

( /)
( /)
( ///)
( ///)

( ///)


( //)

(
//)
-() - ()
- -
() -
()
,
( /

-

33
 / /
()

(
//)
- - ?
, -
()-
( ///)
( ///)
( )
- ( ///)

( //)
- (
///)


( ///)
( ) -
( ///)
() - ,



-
-- -
- - ( ///)

34
 ( )
( , , )
( ) -


( //)
() -
( = )

- ,




, , ,



x x x =

(, , ), (,
, , , , )-
,
- (), (),
()-
,
,

35
( , /)
(, , ) - -
, - ,
-, , , ,
, ,
,
( )

-
( //)
, ,
-
() (
)

-/ + / =
/

, -/ + / =
/


( .. )
,


,

36
 ,
,
( )
, , , , , ,



, , ,
, ,



( ,///)

( ,/ //,)
(//)-







, -

( )

/-

37


, (//,)-
...

( //, . /, ///,
/)
, -


+ +
= ,
- =
(-
=

(//)-

( /)-

38









-(- ..)-
-, , ,
-

-(- ..)- ..
..
( ) ,

(- ..)- -
..
(- ..)-

(- ..)-
(- ..)
(- ..), (-
..)
(- ..)- ,

(- ..)- ..
( ) ..
..

39
 ( )

-( .. )-
(- ..) -
(- ..)-


(- ..), (- ..)-
(- ..) -

( .. ) -
(- ..)- ( ..)
( ..- ), (-
), (- )
(- )
- ( ..)

() - (- ..)-

( )
- -
(///-)
(
)

(//)
( )

40




() -(, , - ..)-
-
( )
(
)

,

() ( , - ..)-



,


,


,

41


( )
,

() - ( ..)

..

( )
-

,

( )
( , , /)

( , /-, /-)

x
= ..
..

..
-- ..

()
,

42
 , =
..
, ,
- (-
..), (- ..), (-
..), (- ..)
..

..
()-










() - ..
--
. ( )
() - (- ..)
( .. )
,

()

43
 ..



-
(), (), (),
( , , ) , ,
-




, , /-



, , /-




//-

() -


, , -

44






, , .

-
() - ,
, , -

- --

()


- , -


/-



,

45


-
-
() -


(, ,) (-)





, -, -, -, - -

( )


() ( ..)


()

,
() ( )
( ..)

- ( //,
//, . /, . //)

46
 (
)
() -
, -

() - ( ..)

()

=
, , ,
, ,
, -


() - (-- .)



,
, -
--

47
() -
(-- --
) ()
..



..

- (-
)



() (- ..)- ..
, ,
, ,



() (- .) ()

. ,


() .

(- .) -- (
, , ) .

48





() -
()
.
(--)
.


.
- .

-
() , ()
, () , ()

-. , . , . , .
, . , . , . , , .
, . , . , . , . , . , .
, . , .


()

-()
-

49


( , //)
-() () ,

()
() -- --

() ,
, ,
()

, , , , ,
, -

(, /)
. -
--
,
, -
, ( = ) ,
- (
)
= . .. . ..
, ,
, -

50




-



, -

. -

( = ) ( // ,
)
(, , /)

--
,
- , /-

, /-



, /- ,
,

51

/-

( )
()
,
,
( , )

( )
-


( , , ,
) (
)
( )
( )

//-

, //-
, ///-
,
,
,

52
 -
. - =

Inscriptions of Orissa, Vol. IVby Sri
Stayanarayan Rajaguru-Orissa State Museum, 1966-

, ()

( )




,
,
( - = ) ,

53
 ,
( )
, , ,
. -
,
() Oryza
rice
-, , ( =
), , ( ),
. -( )-

- (), ,
() , (),
()
. ()-

,
( , )
. -
,
-
- ( ,
= ), ( = ),
(), , ( = ),
, ( = ), ( + )

54
 , -
() ()


(), ( )
()
- ,
(),

() -
,

,

. -
,
, ,


( ( )
. -

, , ( )
,
-
() ()

55
 ( -)


, /, /, /)


. - ,
,
- ( )
,

- - -,
,
. - (/, /) (
, /)

-


. - ( , /, /, , ,
/, ), (-), (
, )
( /-, /)

(/)
-() .. -

56
, () -
() ..
()


. - (/) (/)
( /)

. - (, /) (/)
(/-)
-
,

,



,


- -



. - ( -)
(/)

. - - (, /-)
-

57
 ( ),
(, /)




. - ( , )


. -


. - ,



. -
=
,

. , - =
=
. -
(,
)

. - =

58
. , - = (), =

, ,
,
,

. -







. -
. -- =
-,
. - =
. -
,

. -
. , -

. -
() ()

59
. =

. -

. - = , ,
= , =
. - = ,
,
. - ,


. - =
. - = ,
. - =
,

. - = =

- ,

. - =


. - = = ,

-

60
 - , =
- ( ),
()
-

,
, =
, = , =
= (), -, -
- -
- -

- () ()
- (- )
-,






-
-, ,


-

61
 - , , , ,
, ,
( )

( ,
) ( )
(
)
-
( )




- -

()

()
-
. -
(/-) , ..
- (, ),
(, ), (, ),
(), ( ), (, )-
(///) (///)

(

62
 )
-,




( //,
//, /, /)
( )
..
(
)

, ,

. - (/), (/)

-, , , -
( , ), - , -
, , ()
( ..) ( )

( , /)
-

, ( (
) -- =

63


-- ..

.

-Astronomical Dating of Events &
Select Vignettes from Indian History.

--
.





..

-
-
-


-

64








-
-
()

----

(-)
-
Inscriptions of Orissa, Vol. IV by Sri Stayanarayan
Rajaguru-Orissa State Museum, 1966 -
() --
--

() ----
---
() - -


---

65



-
( ..)


-()
(, )
()
( ) ()
( ) ()
(?) ()
()
=
..
- = ..
()
() -- (?) ()

..

..
,
..
()
, ()
, ..
()

66
 ()
()
()
()

-
(- ..)


(- ..) ..




( ) ,






/




(- ..) (- ..)
()
(- ..)

67
- ..






(- ..)

(- ..)

( ..- .)
..




( .)



..

-
- - -()
( ) -- .., -

68
- .., ( )---
.., - ..
() ( )-
..
() ( )- ..
() - ..
() - ..
() () - - ..
() - ..
() - ..
() - .
() - .- ?
() -
- .
() ()- .
() - . (-)
-- ..
(- ..)
-- .. - (--
., ), (--
-- ..). (- ..)

- ..

69
 -- ..- (-
..), (-), (- ..)
(- ..)

( )
-- ..
-- ..
-- ..
-- ..-
(- ..)
( .. .)
() .
(
, /)
-
( )
- ,
(/-)
- ( ,
- -
) ,
(/)

70
-
( , , )

( , )
..
,
( )
.


.




.
. --


--



-
.
( . ) (- .)

71

.




, .
( .)
( )-
-
(- .)

---
---
-- -
--
-- -
- -

-- -
-- -
-- -
-- -
-- -
-- -

72
--

-


--
--
--
--

-

-
-

-
--

-
-
-

----
-

73
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
/
(
)
-
-

-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-

-

74
-

-
-
-
-- . ..

-
-

-

-

-
-

-
-
-

-
-

75
-

-

-

-
-


-
-
-

-


( )

-
.
-
-

-

76
-

-

, ,


-


-

-

-
-
-

-


-
-

-

77
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

78
-

-

-


-
-



-
--

-
-


-
-
-

-
-

79
- ( )
-

- -

-
-



-

-

-



-

-


-
-

80
-
-

-


-
( )
- -
- ,

- ,
-

-- -
,
.
.
-

-
-

81
-

- - ,
,


-
, , ,
, ,


-- ,

, ,

-

,


-


--

82
 -

-



-
- ,
, -

-
-



- , ,


%

83
-- ,
, ,
,
- ,
,

-


,


-

84
 -
. -
, ,
-, ,
,




. - -

( - )
(-
..)
( ..- .)



,

85


. -

-
( .)


. -
(- .)
- , ,
, , ,
, ,
. -





. -

,

. -


. -
()
( )

86



. -

. -
. -
. -

. ( )
. -,

. -

. -
(- ..)
(-
..)


( )


. -
(-) ,

. (-)-

. -

87
. - ,
. -
. -
. - ,

. -
. - (

. -

. -
-
. - ,
. ( )-
, , ()
. - ,
. ( )- ,

. -
, , ,

. - ( .)
. ( )- ,

. - ,

88
. ( )-
,
. - , , ,
, , (
), , , , ,
, ,
. ( , )-
,
. - , , ,

. ( --- .
)- , , ,

- (, -)-
( ,
)
. -
,
, , , ,
,

89
 -
. - -
() - ,


(-)
,


, , , -

() - ( )


, , ( )
,
-

, ,

90


-
-
, , , ,

-
x =
, x = x =
-

,




,
--, -
-

+ = ()
, ,
- ()

,

,

91



, , ,


, , ,





,
-


( )
(/) (-
.)




,

92
 , ,

-


( )
- -




- ,
, ,

- .




-()
, () , () , ,
,




-
-

93
 - , , ,
, -, - , ,

-
-
- , ,
, -
-


-


- , ,
, , , , -
, , , , -
, , , , ,
, , , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , ,

,
, ,

94
 - , , ,
,
- , ,
.



-
- , (
, )
(/)- ,

= -,
--
-
- , , ,



-
( ) -
,
-
-
-
-
-
-

95
 -
-
-



- ,
, - , , ,
, , ( , ),
,

-

.% - ,,
.% -, , , ,
, () .% ,
, ,
.% -, ,
, ,
-
() - ..

96
() -
-, ( )
, ,




,
,
( /,
/ )

,
() -



,



()
- () ,

() ()
( = )
( = ) ( )

97
 ( ),
( = )


() -


,
() -
( ) ,


-

-
-

98

/ (
)












,
,
-
() - ,

- ,
( ), , ,
- , ,
-


() -

99
.. ..








-







. -


--, -, ,
-, , -, ,
-, , ,
, , -,
- , , ,
, ?, ,

100


. -


-


. -


--




( )



,

- ,
. -

..
.. ..

101













.








-


. -

102

-


-





-
, , ,

..

. -





-






- , -

103
-
-
-
,

,
,


-




-

, ( ) ,


. -






-
-

104
 -











. () -
..
,
, , ,










-

105
, , ,

-
,

-


,

106
 -









(, /)




, -
,

,

,

,

107

.









,

-
-

,








,


, , , ,

108
, , , , , , , ,
, , , ,
, , ,
(Oryza) (Rice)









,
( ) (Woods)

(
)
,
, ( )

=
(
)



(

109
 ) -

References-India and World Civilization-D P Singhal
The vision of India-Sisir Kumar Mitra
Main Currents of Indian Culture-S. Natarajan
Hinduism: Its Contribution to Science and Civilization-
Prabhakar Balavant Machwe
History of Post-war Southeast Asia-John F. Cady
The Soul of India-Amaury de Riencourt (Suvarnabhumi)
Foreign Trade and Commerce in Ancient India-Prakash
Chandra Prasad
Indian Shipping: A History of thr Sea-Borne Trade and
Maritime Activity of the Indians From the Earliest Times-
Radha Kumud Mookerjee
The Ideals of the East with Special Reference to the Art of
Japan-Prof Kakasu Okakura
India and the World-Buddha Prakash
Ancient Hinduized states of the Far East-George Coedes
-
-, ,



- , , , ,

110
, , , , ,
-



-
. -


. - -

. -
. - -

,



- , , ,
, ,

-, , ,
, , , , , ,
, , ,

-() - =

111
 (- .)

() -


-, ,
,
-
-
-

-
-
-
() -
-, ,

() ()-

,
, ,

() , -


-

112
() - -,
, -, , ,
-, , , ,
, - ,

-, , , , , -, -
, ,
-

-



, ,

113
 ( ,
, )


-, ,


..

( ..)
, ..
..



..



, ( ..)
(
) ( )
-
(- ..), (- ..)


( ..)
( )

114
















..

115