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INTRODUCTION
One of our greatest problems especially the farmers are the pests. They cause
us many troubles. They eat the plants from which we get our food and they also make
Rice is a staple food in the Philippines. It connotes survival, and the absence of it
would mean starvation. If the pests destroy it continuously, time may come that we will
experience the scarcity of rice. On the other hand, these pests also affect the fruits and
vegetables from which we get the nutrients that are needed by our body and from which
It is just very simple to make. We can do it in lesser time, lesser expenses, and
lesser work but with great assurance that it is effective though we cannot say that this is
totally safe and has no harmful effects. However, with proper use and carefulness, this
It has been reported at least as far back as 1914 (Wheeler) that if an ant walks through
an area densely populated with infectious bacteria, they track it along in quantities large
enough to show up in a Petri dish. Many of the typical invasives have been found to
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Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the effectivity of chili (Capsicum annuum), orange
repellant.
Compare the effectivity of chili, orange peels and cinnamon essential oil extract
This can help stop spreading diseases from pests because ants can carry
bacteria and might transfer them to food or an open wound. This study will provide other
people with alternatives to commercial insecticides. This can also help the farmers to
control the increasing amount of pest because ants are a serious pest to humans and
livestock.
The researchers only used chili, orange peels and cinnamon essential oil in
making the organic insecticide. The organic insecticide was sprayed only on ants
(Formicidae).
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CHAPTER 2
This review of related literature focuses on the effect of cinnamon, chili and
cinnamon, where can it be obtained, its description, and the effect and what is does to
insect. The study and test of chili if it has a potential to be used as an extract to
pesticide production, what is does to insects. And the uses of orange peelings.
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice that comes from the branches of wild trees that belong to
Cinnamonmum zeylanicum. Cinnamon is a spice that can be obtained in the inner bark
of a small, tropical evergreen cinnamon tree (Park, 2011). Cinnamon is the second most
popular spice, next to black pepper in the United States and Europe (Nordqvist, 2015).
Cinnamon trees are native to Southeast Asia. Cinnamon has a long history both as a
spice and as a medicine. Cinnamon is a great source of manganese, fiber, iron and
calcium. Cinnamon's essential oils also qualify it as an "anti-microbial" food, and the
cinnamon has been studied for it can stop the growth of bacteria as well as fungi
(Zoladz, 2004). It is also effective in reducing blood sugar levels and lowering
insects that can be found in your house. Dengue fever is a viral disease spread by
mosquitoes. Particularly, pure cinnamon is effective in killing mosquito larvae, can act
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cinnamon for two reasons: (a) insects do not like the feeling of the powder in their
mandibles, and, (b) insects hate the spice odor. The advantages of using cinnamon as
a natural insecticide are the house will be free from unwelcomed insects, and the
cinnamon will give a wonderful aroma. Natural insecticide will reduce the amount of
poisoned children and pets from ingesting insect repellents, which contain chemicals, as
well as repel the insects in the house without the potential for unpleasant health effects.
Cinnamaldehyde is the main component in the cinnamon leaf oil and is used worldwide
as a flavoring agent (American Chemical Society, 2004). Bark oil from the
disadvantage of cinnamon is that, if cinnamon is used too much in the insect repellent, it
can burn your skin since its highly concentrated (Park, 2011).
Orange Peelings
Orange peelings are the rind of the orange. The Florida orange juice industry
generates 5 million tons of citrus peel waste annually (Bloch, 2007). The oil on the
orange peelings can also be used to remove water stains in your metal fixtures (Bloch,
2007). And orange peelings can also be used to remove bad odors. Most insects hate
limonene, which comprises 95% of the oil in an oranges peel, and is being used in all
sorts of applications, including the manufacturing of plastics (Bloch, 2007). A pure blend
of orange peel and water can be applied to an area to discourage ants from crossing.
Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and Citrus aurantifolia (lime) had insecticidal activity
against mosquitos (Ezeonu, 2001). Small piles of zest can be placed around an area to
keep it free from flies and mosquitoes (Bloch, 2007). The oil in orange peels shows
promise of being a powerful all-purpose insecticide (Bass, 1984) Orange oil can wipe
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out a colony of fire ants and could kill wasps and flies without harming any human,
animals and the environment (Bass, 1984). Orange oil is being used in many cleaning
products these days for its pleasant aroma and powerful solvent properties (Bloch,
2007). Some studies claim rubbing orange peel on your skin will repel mosquitoes.
Chili
Chili is the spicy fruit of plants in the genus Capsicum. Chili has been found as
one the oldest spice use in the world (Evans, 2007). Chili originated in South America
and is now widespread throughout the tropics and subtropics. Chili are now grown
around the world, and is widely used as medicine, and as or vegetables in cuisine
(Evans, 2007). Chili offers truly powerful medicine for boosting circulation, dilating blood
vessels and protecting the cardiovascular system (Evans, 2007). Chili has insecticidal
properties, insects do not like plants with strong odors or taste (Grover, n.d.). Capsaicin
that gives the chili its hot flavor is distasteful to insects. Spraying plants or the soil with
chili powder spray can keep away the insects from biting (Grover, n.d.). Chili can be
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Computation of the Effectiveness of the Spray
First they subtracted the percentage of dead in the heck plat from the
corresponding figure for the treated plat and called the remainder the
(Abott W.S.,1952)
100 =
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CHAPTER 3
135 milliliters chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) adding more might kill the ants.
262 milliliters orange peel (Citrus sinesis) adding more can kill the ants. 47.4 milliliters
cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) adding more can also kill the ants.
474 milliliters Water so that the pesticide wont have that much concentration.
balance used to measure solid substances. Beaker for temporary container. Spray
bottles container for the pesticide. Litmus paper to separate liquid and solid. Gloves
Procedure
265 milliliters orange peels extract and 474 milliliters of water were added in a
135 milliliters of chili pepper and 474 milliliters of water were added in a beaker
and mixed.
47.3176 milliliters of cinnamon essential oil and 474 milliliters of water were
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Applying the Spray
The ants were enticed using a chocolate chip cookie. After the ants were
attracted, 30 ants were manually collected for each setup. Three (3) trays were
cookie was placed at the center of each tray so the ants will stay in one place. Thirty
(30) ants were placed in each tray. A small amount of water was placed around the
edge of each tray so that the ants would not cross it. The chili spray was applied to the
ants in setup A, the orange peel spray to the ants in setup B, and the cinnamon
essential oil spray to the ants in setup C. Each setup was sprayed with 2 milliliters of
each extract.
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CHAPTER 4
Chili 30 18 30 18 40%
100
30
Cinnamon 30 16 30 16 46.67%
100
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effectiveness percentage of the orange peel spray is 23%, whereas the percentage for
chili is 40% and for the cinnamon essential oil is 46.67%. This shows that the cinnamon
essential oil spray is the most effective among the three sprays.
Cinnamon disrupts ant communication. Cinnamon leaf oil upsets an ants sense
of smell. Ants rely on a chemical scent known as pheromones to find food and send
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CHAPTER 5
Conclusion
Based on the results, cinnamon essential oil spray is most effective ant repellant.
Recommendations
Based on the results and conclusions gathered, the researchers recommend the
Use of other organic repellants such as coffee grounds (ants are repulsed by the
strong smell the brewed coffee grounds put out), mint (mint deteriorates the
smelling abilities of ants and thus, aids in preventing ant attacks), and cucumber
and pepper (the taste of cucumber and smell of pepper is not appealing to ants).
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
American Chemical Society. (2004). Cinnamon Oil Kills Mosquitoes. Retrieved 1-31-
2016
from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/07/040716081706.htm
Evans, C. (2007). Chili peppers found to have been domesticated more than 6000 years
http://www.naturalnews.com/021757_chili_peppers_domesticated_crops.
Retrieved 1-31-2016
from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852400001206
insecticide-86195.html
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Kannall, E. (n.d.). Health Benefits of Organic Red bell peppers. Retrieved 1-31-2016
from http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/health-benefits-organic-red-bell-peppers-
8952.html
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APPENDICES
RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
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Figure 3. Attracting the Ants for Orange Peel Spray.
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Figure 5. Ants Left After Being Sprayed with Cinnamon Spray.
Figure 6. Ants Left After Being Sprayed with Orange Peel Spray.
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Nickname: Paul
Age: 16
Address: Blk. 10 Lot. 1 Winston corner Peace East Fairview Quezon City
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Age: 16
Quezon City
Favorite Food:
Motto: "What is the point of living if you will get things easy"
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Nickname: Dan
Age: 16
Address: #60 Don Victorino St. Don Antonio Heights Quezon City
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