Biostatistics Subject Review USMLEWorld QbankTeac Siren Measures of Disease Occurrence question: Lf s (Qe: 17 2 new combined creche and munathesey regen has boon shown to sorry prc aval patents sath metasate meron, fury planted, whch ofthe flowy (canoes ravens aura mesanes out youve pact? 2% © ayinceence irate, prevlanc cease © ey necence dares, eesderne decrees © cy necence increases, presence naases © py redence doesnot charge, preuderce reves: ey newunce ches rt cures, prowenas dass rt nce question: 201 5 Lad: 21 ‘The ineence of debts elas n 2 pon ith vary ele moran hes renal tb ve de past 40 yeas (55 cases per 2000 neene por ea the save ine, areaence of he cho Pocaod trou oer te seme pored, hen of the felowng she best cacnatin forthe urges hbo occurence mosuuos n te pasar? % @ spread egret: aces © ey Poor ever ascenareert F © Ono away oF cae © oy bessedeverd mesbety © eptes at ep Question: 3f 5 [oid 29) 1h apy of 1,c00 OY day abuse ta A 1,000 tan aut to boca wth Pepsi Can S00 ted wth Mans 5, Curry to yous of flow, 20 parts with eas € Inecton and! 100 ater wth eit inten da, aka dung law, 200 1 yaar aca hep Car! 50 casa hep B, Wk of the flown i te beet ects of he srruidinedorce cf hatte rfecton ini chug abr ton A? % @ a xcmf90m ©) 1am/00Teac Pe ‘question: 30f § [Qe 22] sn sue) of 1)cE0 ov dg abusers tou 4, 1.010" aut te Re ect wth Pept Cand fated wth hepa 8. cunrg to year cf flow 200 peters with reps Infcten snd 100 patents ta Papas @ nfaten daa Cuan felon-sp 200 Wrap sous cas hepsi Canc aq hapa 8, ohh ef the flown te bee eetmate of he _wruinederce ct hacatts rfecton in IV chug abs town A? 2% @ a) 1000n0.00 © 1 ioo/sncc0 © oto ¥ ep amsae © eicoman ‘uwstion: of 5 Cd “The folowing gen repens the cchate ate dames er hepats Bn dg bse tw % of vaccinated 2001 20032005 Years oh oft owt hepatits Dstatstes is rest Katy obo afc by the reported date % © syHespeazaton ate‘question: 4 of § Foe: 4) “The folowing gen epresens the vacation ate dyn fe heptisB nT dug buses tw % oF vaccinated 70012008 2005 Years Which oft owt hepsi Dstt seston bo affect by the reported de? 2% @ AyHaptiaton ato © yc tty te © cymeetn suri © Dyrdence © eycustete ‘question: sof 5 [ge :5) 1 actyhengagepubten of 000,000 thre ae 200.999 women coher age, Tre felourg tats 9 ape fr tha dy he year 2000 Folate: 2n0 ve tits: S000 ea deste: 70Teac Siren Question: of 5 Laid: 5) In aciyhaengacepubten of 000000 tare axe 300,099 women chibbeary 296, Tho fellow ais caps for tho ly he wear 2000 otal deat 200 Live tts: 500 eral ost: 70 ‘rich oft rg thoes estat of the mtal marty raft ay he wea 2200? X @ 700m © ey ropn9a0 v © o70R,0m © 07520 Covrect answers: 10 2)¢ 3)D OB SIE Total Gorect: 0615 Explanation : “oo bs measures of esas occurerne Ma pocubinn asinceknce andrevekree, sthah sreieinceriten, they a8 event conse wth aach ober. Maeve, ray USMLE cestens ‘robs on sre undarstrdng oF thaw ac meas, Lrodence reasres "ew csesthat deve m3 pocusten over acartan rertdct tre, tis meortart to dere the pein of tre dag whe te number ofrew cies is ecunted (2a, Westy oteres ws arnualradines), Inosenes doesnot tae ria acount therunber of cae that dao exten te postin boie the cuntrs patbsgan, ts ako meet to race the erento en tho popuston at of anutr the dsamo, Fr axarelo, nGuesicn #3, cru abuses agro th hepa: Cinfecten bofre the flow up pax bagn shake vchded frm the deronratr because toy ara ave he dsexe ord thus aero nga i’ (19,600 - 1.070}, The best esate of te arrua idence weukibe 100,000 becase 200 new ec Cemeshave bao dayros over the THD ye eeu up Fr, ' Fura Land quo 2 damrstots to oererce babwoon Fedoncy arc pabnce daganmata, Azo 1 cntans to aos damscathg the ona yar tna hare dak whith te meer of row cassis one messes You ca S20 hat thaarew casas haobn aie! dehy tH: plod, mag te anual 3 cas x yoo. Cone Year Pesos © e¥ cose ientien = Duration o he OseaseTeac Siero evcrator cn ths popuston at of acquire te dseae, or svange,r/questan Fs, 1y iu abusers damrosed wt hepattscinfecten before the lowe pevos began sto.dbe ecuced fem the darerratr becae thoy ates rave he dsese ard thus a8 ro lenge ts (13000-1000), The best assnate ofthe rua nacence weutibe 102,000 becase 20 re heoat Ceneshave been dacrose ovr the TWO yea ow per, Pours 1 erdrque2 danerstte the dfrarce between nodence arc preaerce dagranmatcal, fgte 1 crcans two arows dematczna the one yeu tme are dang wheh the net of ney caer tebe nested, Youean see tat thee caseshaokeen darted dig ths pered, makina te arualindence 3 cass om vee ‘One Year Period @ New case identined Duration of the Disease Time Fig. Thee new ores have bes ered aby he oe yer psd akg vdeo 9 cass re yeas, Dresdanca cf dine is masse of the tataremberaFeaes (ew nd ld) masaaed at apatndst soit te, You can careaptale it asa Snaptho!of tharambar of desman ata (bv at of tna Fagu 2), © ew cose tenis ‘== Duration o he Osease e—— Acases Scases Time a2. Poickree ofa choise ba ‘napsotof te total mune of deans nis at acon ort cf inoTeac Siero ‘go Bent of ba GU 2), @ New case identined Duration of the Disease o—— Time cases 3cases Fig. Feiakree ofaceesse ba ‘naps’ of the ttl numberof dessed nade ata sven port of me ‘eu can ata al fom Figures 1rd 2 tat preiorce are reteres a ehted te each cthar. Predera 3 arton ofboth he noverce and chrston othe dssare, ussaros hat we achat dusten dhe heh meray (2, acessve cancer or curk cavalesarce (e.g, the fh) tend have bw preaience, ven fneckrce shigh as thesame ter, cere cases (2.9 hiserarsen ard eiasetes) tnd share ch werdane, even fnconce is. hone epease neamarts that achvg patent aun neste te prewence cf dease de to acemnen of eases ve te; nederce sre fected by auch nese cause messes cry no cares as they ate, Incessngpreerce of achionc deaase despa stile Pedercs i usualy ete to roiadcuaty of cae and eutar decease n marty. Erpoved gros acuaty for cari sealed to both nazexed noceree (cre cates 9e denied) andpreidrce, Pinay Evert (¢., hepsi: vaccnston) deoeasesncvence of he sass, are ato aentualy doses: preenc a pant wth duos that pocaes ima srerern do er attan ue Same ee mounuss of bei ceaurarce as nish below ude rere ate: cacusted by dng the uber cf deaths by the ect pasion soe \ausesoante meray ate: cazesecby dca the rumbar of ate fem 2 parinitdsees ey the tl popuston se (Ga aalty ote: Cale! by duty tenure of ts for aspect: cosas by te nun of pele fecal by He dsae Standort rato (5); Cates dvr tho cbserod rumba of eth: by tho @cectedrunbarofdeaths, Ths mezuro é wed somstines in conestenaleptorioy. Sok of 2.0}reeates that he observed retaty 9 apatindr gous tocar hgh a: thot in tho general pada attuk ate en Paukrce recare tal ured ninecteusdkoae eadoriogy. Mis eleuted by ddng the eunber of paterts with ciease by the td petcn atk, Fr evar, turk te canbe cacubted for gatoantets eng pace who at cantante fod, Iurternionady rata Casts by doing ta rue of water doaths by the rer of elas ea questin #3). ‘ude Ett ste: Dafa ar the umber cf hs ote dice bythe toa ancl aeTeac Siren ‘Odes Ratlo andl Relative Risk ‘question: tof 3 Fd :6] Da cksaratca stay ndabetesaseses tha ole of an racased sma fbnnogen iver the ie cardacsuens, 130 cibete patents ae lowed eS yeas to asst he deveceront (Earner arrae te oe sinters. nse of ta eaten wh ana bua na on eed 20 ro ca era sree (De ot ageap ct 7st wh = hah bese psn fnimzen ve) 40 cevekp acuta eran sya and 3 dort, heh the felons he est asinate of eto rc npr witha heh seh pure roger kx Se ‘carpe to pater it 2 nomal basco hm fberager a? © =) enps0yients9) © & goveny/20"30) © ©) or70y/20"20) © 0) aojroy20)50) © &) ojsnyzoi70) ‘Question: 201 3 Ld: 71 {suv 6 patemactn whch mothers of babes bom wth news tube defects are questoned abut her aestinrashancensreton cura the fist vmestr of regan. atthe sare one, robes ofbasas bar witht neta tbe defect ae ako questone! out ther conston of cetartehan our the fst taster. Wheh of the flooing mezures of asocston srrast, Nt oe opera by restos? 2X @ spree rate © ey mectan sua © cppeatie re © py caderete © )Hhaxd ato weston: 30f 9 Cod :07 ‘A oeesc hos atts dgrosed wih parneatc cache ae ket about ther curene sing stalus, At thesame hoi, caters wut pares carcroms ate ds ed aut these cnentsnckhy sts. The folowing tbe score, tae TeraiTeac Siren ‘Odes Ratlo andl Relative Risk ‘question: tof 3 Fd :6] Da cksaratca stay ndabetesaseses tha ole of an racased sma fbnnogen iver the ie cardacsuens, 130 cibete patents ae lowed eS yeas to asst he deveceront (Earner arrae te oe sinters. nse of ta eaten wh ana bua na on eed 20 ro ca era sree (De ot ageap ct 7st wh = hah bese psn fnimzen ve) 40 cevekp acuta eran sya and 3 dort, heh the felons he est asinate of eto rc npr witha heh seh pure roger kx Se ‘carpe to pater it 2 nomal basco hm fberager a? © =) enps0yients9) © & goveny/20"30) © ©) or70y/20"20) © 0) aojroy20)50) © &) ojsnyzoi70) ‘Question: 201 3 Ld: 71 {suv 6 patemactn whch mothers of babes bom wth news tube defects are questoned abut her aestinrashancensreton cura the fist vmestr of regan. atthe sare one, robes ofbasas bar witht neta tbe defect ae ako questone! out ther conston of cetartehan our the fst taster. Wheh of the flooing mezures of asocston srrast, Nt oe opera by restos? 2X @ spree rate © ey mectan sua © cppeatie re © py caderete © )Hhaxd ato weston: 30f 9 Cod :07 ‘A oeesc hos atts dgrosed wih parneatc cache ae ket about ther curene sing stalus, At thesame hoi, caters wut pares carcroms ate ds ed aut these cnentsnckhy sts. The folowing tbe score, tae TeraiTeac Siren ‘question: 20f 2 [927] | suv parfomnsn uheh mother fbr hem wth neu tbe ceects ar questonad aut er aestmraghen censrton cura the fet marr of regan). atthe care ne, rrotts cfs bom without neta tube cbfct ae ako questenec about tre contunguan of cstarephencuing the fst tar. Wheh ofthe flowing mesnaes cf asocaton rest [Eieereeet Morocco amaee one seek % @ i) Prevalence ratio © by meein suri © cppeitrore © pp ceis reno © eyHhexd ate question: 30f 3 Laid: 8) ‘A gece hosp tents dogrosee wih parereate cacheme ao acked about thr curené sng talus, At tho sama hess, eaters witht pareoabecatcrema ata doo aioe abet ther carontsmedig sats, Tho folowing abe &corstuct, Tae Terai Teper o oo 0 Tes Fr} = za ‘ors the cairo that a patent dagrasd wih pares cance so cure smoker compared to arate hou ascetic? 2 @ aeopoyEcH0) © & sopnirsn) © © pjasnyscvse0) © op enjeowaye0) © ojayosape30]Teac Siren Dowrect answers: 1)0 20 3)8 Total conect: 9.2 Explanation “ye ba measures of esceaton that youshodde familar wth ara relate st (r kato) and ox rate. voushed be sb te bath este ad ineortthem, "stefessto the pobably of an avert ancunr over acatan pac of tre. thet, type ees a rospectve say cosa}. tv Quesen #1, abet patents a= flowed ove yeast _ssas forthe deveterentof acute cocray smctome; that ean ts possle% cult arc enor yea rk of acute ora’ events in these SSIES. Marsa, We can COMER the S95 re of devecerg acute coronay sincere nostats wth abi basin Rinacen kel [oes croup) to the ratents wih naa basins feurecenleral (ronsscesse OLE) rewecorta stars (ie the ove dasaed n Quesson 42) parts ae ret felowed verti te determine thar cuttoms, father, the cuter (btes wh reuse detec) s brawn fom the stu of he stud, There iis inocsbie toca ete a: such sare, Lut ts vest to naire about pit espns. In case-conaal studs, we calte the occ ot posure (the cance ct bara ercosa to a panda factor) n eas calents (ese wilh dss) and cuvoae withthe ods of eiosuein exrl zalens (se without dseae), For eraree, mQueston #2 02 ‘ato tre ot of cstannophen us hints hag babes wh are ee dec (ros to mother have nama babes (rth brea, rate rs copa he aati of devecprg an outcome between two curs wera catia patoxo ire, Itimnies aposbecbe sary cesin because the patents ate flbned ra tno 12500 wheter or not hoy ekveep an outcom, Os eo career the cares of expeaas to aout air cass and earteb, Shoo tek cannot be caeutod deci neo con tos ¢hcaz thy re nok pesos, coisas tha mez of asedatan usar hs ty doign, btw rac roars the pest within crt patos of tir, ha many es ‘ne ree pocee ree ke to deacon a parr eve come o unsere pele? Oost arsis the cura: how me thesate saved geoge nore Ray tobe Ecce 38 ter ator ccrpted to ren deared pepe oth eatue kar abc rato ae mead on ascae farm to nity. Thee af La heats roca betwen th tao grag hg fomesrec, ox ate primates eva eh when he cesarean try rat ed ore donor seston Cakuitrg messes of aceton on the dts presenta in dca cee a. ovr coneecuve step, The Mt sep toldently expose arc autcre, Quesion #3, baseline sa foeonen eile the eyarure of ners ae zese ccanary xen se cutcera (tease) of rest. Tha cond step 9 grup study subocs nc the flourg canes: exe dssarod sped rortessed unerposed cease} and ureiposed nv-dseated. In Questen #1, the Ups woul conten 4, 30, Aare aapstents, espace, The tes step st const 322 ttle based on the o.era eesaed above see te ta). mm anos ia aaa i © o eI @ o eal [ea “he ial step she actual cakuston ‘Te deterane lator you carpe the kof ssa in enposed secs (l(a) wth the rk of desae in uenposed bets (C44). In Gusston #4, the alate theoTeac Siren "seta to the probably of an vert arcane over acatan pac of tre. Then, types ees a ospecbve sry cesm}. tv uesien #1, abet patents a= flowed ove 5 yeast :ssas fo the devecprent of acute cocray spctome;thatreans ts possblet cc arc epart yea rk of acute corsrar events in these patents. Worzovel, e an compare He 53 of devecerg acute corona sincere noatats wth abi basin Rinacen level [oes coup) to the ratents wih naa basins fturecenlerl (ronsscesve GLE) reacorta stars (Ne the ove dasaed m quesson 42) parts ae ret felowed ver tre te determine thar cutcons, father the cutee (bes wh rouse cect) s wn forthe Set oft stud, Three is mecsbie toca ete acm such sees, Lut vest to ng. about Past ssposs. In case-conaa studs, ne callte the oc of epochs cance ct bara ercosa to a panda factor) n eas calents (ese wilh dss) and cuvoae withthe ods of eiosuein exrl zalens (se without dseae), For eraree, mQueston #2 02 ‘ato tre ot of cstannophen us hints hag babes wh are ee dec (ros to mother have nama babes (rth rama, rate i coreas the stati of devecerg an outcome between two guns cr acetanosiod ttre, [times arosrectve su ces’ because the patents ae flowed fa tmo 12500 wheter or not thoy veep an outcome, Ode eo career the cares of expeaas to aout rk air cams andearteb, Shoo tek cannot be caeutod dee neo con tos ¢hcaz thy re nok pesos, coisas tha mez of asedatan usar hs ty doign, btw rac roars the pest within crt patos of tir, ha many es ‘ne ree poco ke to devon parc eve come o unserer pele? Ostia the curs: how me esate saved geoge nore Ray tobe Ecce 98 pte ator conpted to rendeaied people? Rath iste art cierto ae meus on ee fern tarry. The abe of LO recite ro frac betwaen the too ga bg famesrec ox rate primates eva th hen he cesar une try erat eed ore donor seston. aking meses of asceton om the dts presenta in drcal cite an ke cover coneecuve step, The Mt sep toldently expose arc autre, Quesion #3, baseline sa finanen evel the eyonuse of erst are aastecconaty ner ste outeere (diese) of risrest. Tha scars step is 9 orp study ubecsint the burg canoer: exposed daca sepedrortessed unrposed cease} and ureiposed nv-dseated. In Questen #1, the QeUps woul conten 0,30, Aare sapatents,essecthey, The tac step st census 272 te based on the o.era eesaed above see te ta). ' mad posed @ © c @ o “he ial step she actual cakuston ‘Te deterane elt rs you carpe the kof season enposed secs (l(a) wth the rk of dese n uespesed bets (C44). mn Gusston #4, te alate et therofere army czosay| ‘Te deterane exes sate you compe te at of expoauein chess sbeets (ae) wth the as of eipnsueinrentseased subets ls). Guesten 3, thee of kara 3 are fr {pater wth panesate caveat SO}, whereas the ac cf bana a smoker 2 patent wthout argeste cance! 29 GOED. Theo, te os atb est expressed =) (SUWIEDIID) = BF ‘he eds ate aquaten can ako be rsanarcesin the felon mara wth te sme tres oo ato = adie. bn Cuesten #5 t woul be eeusted as: S0"S0}(40"E0) = 1.7‘correlation question: Lof2 [9297 ery Oe ert cmirmentie ven coe coc emo coe ‘question: of 9 [ed : 10] 2 geup of rrestigatos descrtes a tna asocaton betwen catum cortert of at: vahe cues as sso a and th cantar ofthe ant paring. Thanet a cmon (cee of 0.48 and ap vale of 00s, Which the lounge best expen oF the ests eprted 2g thelnestgitcs?| 6) ayer as cs ico ow © e)Sarpisw too low fer having dofnta cornersTeac Siren ‘Question: 20f 3 [0d : 101 2 geup of restoatos dascbes ales’ asccstanetoeen cabum cortant of he art ae cus a massed n so and the cater cfthe ante opanng, They taser acuelaton coetiart of 045 andap vale ofO002. Wheh ef he felowne the bestrtroretana othe resus eperted by thelnestast? Do a aissir merece vote = 6 ) sarpleste toolaw or chav deta creer ttt md ©) Cabum dozostion eas raravig oF tho arte ko ceoning © by kecseum cortant of te cue nereses a cre vb mst decrasses © &) Asanti: whe dirtr dcr ho em content of tha ap: doves Question: 30f3 Laid: 11] 2 sir conducted to aos tho robtoruhe botwoen a henecyston lowland fel aod take, Tho wastastas eeroretat that fhe plum hemcestno bed twa tel tobe 2:0 into, and th caret coocent 5 (p< O01} foxy tothe ivomatim prvidod, how mh of tho warabhty nema homarytans oobi yskinod by fc acinako? © 2099 epee v eons © pass econ Core answers: 1) 2)0 3) Total Conects 0.43, Explanation : Scat pets, ss demanmnatedn Questen #1, af set fy quite andysscfdta, They canoe used to denerstate whether ay type asscaten (Le, ned, renee?) sess between tw conthuove vases, rareee of cornu verb fer wach an stzoaton ca ke darenstate ate tad cod press ane stay sat carson Looe duce eel arc boed cpaatce lev atc, Ifa new ssosatn smesert, th cvlaton content canbe caeuted to proce anumeica descipton ct the Wea asocaten| ii aTeac Siren © 0) ss cam xan of te cuge nreses tha ene valk emote decrases ©) Asante wave dunt doco tho edcum content ofthe aps doves |S peerestntecentmeses ouster: 3019 10:31) SEs ‘Asn conde to ass tebtontw betveen dumatonocisere levland le senile, The inveraeer ceronstate tat he pra mecha els inasay ated hie Sel 250 no, a th coven concent 28 (p < BOL) Axara tothe hematin provdod, how ma oF tho vaabhty isms homocistana oobi oilanod by fle acntaks? © mo 099 eon v eons © mass © om Correct answers: 1) 230 3) Total conect: 0.69 Explanation : Setter pots, ac domenica Quester 1, 9 ust fr aude was data, They cn ae us danerstate whether any typeof socaten (2, rea, en ea) cuts between two fonthinueainses, Sarees of crtnunur varies fer sich an aeceston cn he derenstate se aad Mood presi ane stay at eonepion Hace ce eel arcoed pantie leva ac, Ufa new stoaitan esa, te caraatoncoaiaent cin ae casted a proves snare dsciptan ofthe We asceaten “he cane cotceneengee fen ta © anceamine two important chtsetaies of am aenceton: the smenath ae pelaty. Forse, m Queen #3, ganna decree 3 soem path ‘ezocston (a the vas af one vaabe iaeiees the vas af te ater varsbe ao nese wheres apn deeabs cong negeha aeazeton (the ve ef ane aie lncaans te vale {he ater vaubie eoeses). ach £cestbes 2 waar poste asso compa to aah W you sud eect aconeatencooficent wound 40, Grghs 8 acc derersvate ro cuaten because the vabe of one vatable tas the sare ce the an oF abs ofthe cher val ‘eu can ao cele the coeficent af sterton by squving the carton costiaant. The cefiger of datemnnason extoses the atcertage cf the vaubyin the cutsave ese thts ilar by the rrcitar fact In Cuesten #5, 16 (5+) of enbity in lsta homocistene eli alah by fel acento tt smgcrtant to note thet acareletoncaficent doses near ascaaton but it does ret recesaly mply causation, Ths lane why arene choes Ds peter te chace ch Questen #2 rote >Teac Siren ‘Attrbutable Risk question: Lof 4 fad: 127 sn ssl chron tty, tone ca wore ae lewd fr cre yea ts ass fr tha cevecpmentofepeaty serps (dos ac redurnee cough ate st last re wk) 30 of fn archers esperenc esate, spt eve he year ves ef 2 none Wrchof he alow the Gest estate of the totaal a epstey denee maker © mors e mom ¥ Sous © opos0 coon Question: 20f 4 LQ: 13] In asa cosas sty, 10D. wares a flawed fr cr yea to asa fr the devekgment of estat sym (dei as reduce coh at at east oe wack). 50 of 0 srckrsexpanoncoreztateyswrpts cxer he yar vrsue Det 42 ronsalar, What pueentage of recat dssao Darras by soko #atsbutod to srakna? © a0 © E750 veo s0% © pam © e)10% question: 90f 4 Fed: 14] Jn asa cbsoratbr stay, TOD std wees flaw fr cro you to asf th Govokemont of wetkatry srs (doe as roduc cough at at last ce woe). 30 of 0 archers expaienre esate Sept cver he year sus Dot 0 ronsnakes. What pacentaye ef requatcy docu apcrerced study abecsis tas 9 Tekin? © 7% © m8 eoTeac Siren Question: 30f 4 LQ: 14 In sar cbsorcora stay, 10Din.sta wate ae lewd fr coe year to ass fr the devecomantofteetatoy sets (dots as cteducie cough ag et least re ek). SO of 0 srokrsexpanoncoretatey septs ver he yar Yasue Det 4D nonsmokers, What pyeentage oF reat dscas ooarernes by atu ube is alto mange © 579% © E50 © 25% ve Dam © e)10% question: of 4 Led: 15) rey chao egtren us nats wth verb crn tested Wasi Cc WOU oF 50 patents eto wth thon rogron, 25 une Syaxs wireut kes, Cut of 00 patents west withthe carrion ayn, 25 sure 5 yrs wihout raps, How many kts naa to be Mose! wh the new regen 3: opposed to tha carveron agen cer fr ene mane tant to nuke yas what eine? en v eps eo. ene cow Correct answers: LC 2)6 S90 418 Total Gorect: Explanation Seca important ps rate to messes of assaeton ae inbact aa coven ths ston ‘he fetta encom as ateutzble wc nsctferar’ ts amessue ofthe ecessradarce ofa chess dus tea rata fac (owes), incu #1, the areien nerence ofTeac Siren eae ven eo.6 ome exw bowrect answers: 1) 2) ¢ 3) 4) Total conecti 9. Explanation : eval mparine topes ta ta menanee of useton ans nesct ate coitesin the satan, “he fet tae loin ates er iaceterenn’ te armani ofthe meee ers of a chesce due teaser at (asoone), incu #1, the ane en incense resprscry dase n sroters EJa0 = 05 wherees nnonsmckes i 10/60 = 0.25. The ference betueen these neerces (0025-025) desabes the atataste se sated an the alata, we con ase that 25 ut of 100 cases of espratry see nswckets we atebutal 9 snakng “Lraletad meas. known as ‘atbinutable 1 percent desres the cantrbutin of a qven expose to the nceence of a dsaase n rete terns. attnbutablersk percent & cabsiated by dung the totale ot bythe necence cf the dsstein the sxzesepeplason =. smokes). n Gueston #2 ve cute atbetaberscpercent os clos: (S80 ~ 10/40/=0)50) = 0.25105 = 08 (50%), B25 on thecal, wo can cence het SO% cf the yan rotary dsese sabes tebutable to sekna brother maatue eae pgtlon serbute ik parcart escrbas he pact of sigan cn the ante sy pepaton (nou cass, oth snckas arc nasnohs) Te detane popston stout ot pecent st cae ete he roceree ofthe cbeise the sty epultn 2s whole, Inthe dove study sob, there ae Deneck ae IDner-seckes who dees rapratory sea ut of tid of 100 watts. There, the eal nedence of spray doeae nthe study cepuston is 40/200, Nev, cacuata te dferne ns of devdopna estat dseaie bation snefers ar the study Eepubten 3:3 whale @OfE0 40/100 = 0.3 0-4 = 01) ad othe au tha rodnea cf expats seaase smokers AMOS = 02) Based one (olaaton, we cords tat 20% of veal receatoy disasin tha study oocubih i attbutbb to smckng, (Rote: fare oblate etka, attbutabls re cent carb cated 3s feos atrbrabe i erent = FR 1)RR, "rnc san impartantcencopt rater t ite eduction: hurr nocd to toa (NAT) Ts ach ho rocrocl ofall reicion, I answes tha flowing quoston: Faw nay asi srou et wih he chug (regen) o Rees to saefestertonete? Question #4 te Geathrate n cabs lated onthe new Uestnent rege 2550 ~ 08 OF 5 ye, theese ptt kept an the canvantra chert apy egren the tly ate is 75/100 ~ 0:78. The ade re eercabetwcen the two gcups kO.7S -O8~ 025. Thavecttocd of ‘he sont. bk ence (1/025 = 4) Oude te MRT. Bieed on healt we cn cette that we nants nest 4 potent th the megan at acon the enventan eernen mot fo) one rere pte ta sania 5 yea without apesTeac Siren ‘ul typothesis and P value ‘question: of 2 [Qe : 16] 2 cup of recta conduct study te usta the asccstenketvcen cenmbonocjctene level ard thew: ofmyseardal rfacton. They cendve tht abbr gamma bomocjstere eel assocated ith an ncrased i of arate Mactan ac ase abe ato Rk) of LOB ands pais FOL. whch of he talons the mest accurate tatenart ba. ul yt and? vk thavea ofthe cv? © ky Taras an 0% chance thet increased hererstene ele cause myocar ifaction 0 © ay Tree a i protlty tat here sna ecsaon © Te 54 confidence inten for ho FR inchs 1.0 © 0) The stu rasinstient power to each a dents corcisen ©) Teno 5 10% pty tot the asoiton is undrestinated question: 2 of 2 Laid: 17] ih dma Crasce prota CAP) ve sbeleved to be axccatd wth Poca of auto cronay smndamss. A coup of nvestostasis preg astuy that woukt ovata tat ascoaten ten nto accunt asa of potent enue, Which of the flowing the best totarent ofr hypothos rt study? © A) Heres CRP el cares Fonts of auto cena somes © ey than alasra ce eel vated to he occurence of a.te creray srermes 0 © cybtgn plana cRe vel has ra szacton wth ate cron snr © bp) fasta cena sretone cate meted by Hoh pisma GP (© eying laa ce eel an ca ante covers estore Darrect anewerss1)8 2) ¢ Total Conect: 0.2 Explanation : da expresson cf he ulhipnthese (Hp esent eer corducon ay study. Therullyeeshesstpealy states hat theres no asccstenbetveen the sees ve otters adhe i enTeac Siren ll ypethare ae wate ‘Question: 20f 2 LQ: 171 ich sma C1asce xan (CR) isvelisbeleved to be assecated wth noearad 1s of arte ecronaysindemes. J coup ef nvestastasis pring 2 stu that wou ovaLate tat ascoaten thn mio accaunt aso of potent envaurekrs, Whdh of the olowhg te thebext stare ofr hips fr te stud? © a) Her pa CAP oval cares Pow of auto exonay syndomes (© yng laa er eval ate to he arcunence af an. exon sreares © OWlgh asm HP vel has ro essoton with aut exenay scorn © oyna cxcray srctone cane pedted by heh psma oe (Hg plaza CR eel can casa ate cnonay sere Correct answers: 1)8 2) ¢ Total conect: 0.62 Explanation : 4 dar expesson the nulhjpathese (4) esent aoe educa study. Therullypothess type states hat thers no asocstanbesoeen the ena re oferta the utcoma, For exareo, fa slut se=rducta teases tho ek of pce néactonin patios ting sath ves h pation’ ret ah zen tho ul hypohess weubbo: thr re asocatien oti a Nearer are he of mocsMdaactcn, Uke te nul Fyptres tht dees ay asocatin, the aerate Pygatet H) statos that te ems. same we rete to theaatcome, The aerate hypothe cn pecfy whether te epee nesses or decreas the Melhoad ofthe occa (one-way hypothece) cr cn tte that there kan atc what ‘pectin ts eecton (ew hypathess. or data coos, satel aj «than peered, Bisa on thereat ef sce ays we athe acces eect tha ul Pypstha, For thepupose of ta USAL.E head ova, whe alec 0 repre he nul hypetheas yeu wl types be proce ith the ale arc corkerce inte. Pyausrepreents hoprohalty hat he hypothe «te, Forex, re nvestostsio the apa study repr 2 ae of 0, means that there 2 2% pobabty that heels reason between ssen and ta Bk ofreca nto, ‘To xcept crroect the fypothad: compas the p wake to the pest pha level (ee the descighcn of dpha corns 15, Statice Power). st rwstgators kee that a9 apa vel ot 1h cr) Ban aecaptable esc fr statsncalsgntcare (scare an he evel fOL0S ures xerue stated) mother words, fhe pues ss han 0.05, hen there © 5% pce thet te rulhypsthess res ue, and we thet fet tre cul ypothess ar scept the apposite atartve hypothess. Reema, howeve, tht even 3 vars low pve Pecstes that ate some pebdalty tat the nul hicothese tue, ‘he elauoruhp botweanpvabe and conerce ravalscesobed te,Se eet ‘confidence interval ‘question: 1of 3 [Qe : 18] ‘Two ste 92 conde te sas thee of devecprs eymotanane Isr marin ewe tong cel eerwacsote pl (OCP). Sti A pers eters of 18 (asi cantseree res 1.1 28) women arg OCP creed waren nat ang O over 3 eyes olowrup rated. Susy Berertsaveste sk of 1s (85% cnfdarce ntaral 0.3 5) n women tng OO? Cempaeed to weren nt eng OF over a hee Falovup pebod, Nhih ofthe our staterants aout the ta sues rest arcuate? © hy stay cuerostates the sk ©) Trereatin sta rower cay © cy reroutin stu A srot acorate ©) the ple se sty 8 seal © ©) Trop be n stn Bi bs than 5 question: of 3 Laid: 19) ton oar propectve stay conducted to asa eet of omar sugsionentay fee ao craton cn he 2 of davsonna Abnarnors damera, Thoirmasboatas apa areata ik (F177 (66% enfin inlonal 0,520.93) those who cream fok: ai upslomonts cad to tose who do not, Which of he flowy p vas most hel coespords to he resus repured ty te vests? © ayes cow © oom © oj 008 © pos ‘question: 3of 3 [Qed : 20] chub bhs ney sus cond ted in paters: wth cron han fake Sart, ested whan ACE rho and app dust. the patos a red eo 8 gra.ps one JOU receves metopckl ate chet geup ects slccbo, The olbving este ee vaues ae reported fer the metopll gcup compe tote slsbo cus Fase Ferien ria [ene bes 7a 105Se eet ‘confidence interval ‘question: 1of 3 [Qe : 18] ‘Two ste 92 conde te sas thee of devecprs eymotanane Isr marin ewe tong cel eerwacsote pl (OCP). Sti A pers eters of 18 (asi cantseree res 1.1 28) women arg OCP creed waren nat ang O over 3 eyes olowrup rated. Susy Berertsaveste sk of 1s (85% cnfdarce ntaral 0.3 5) n women tng OO? Cempaeed to weren nt eng OF over a hee Falovup pebod, Nhih ofthe our staterants aout the ta sues rest arcuate? © Ay stdy overestimates the ik ©) Treat say poms casty © cy Thorolt n study A isrot acorate © 0) Thesanele scons B15 sna © ©) Thop ve study Bis es than CE question: of 3 Laid: 19) ton oar propectve stay conducted to asa eet of omar sugsionentay fee ao craton cn he 2 of davsonna Abnarnors damera, Thoirmasboatas apa areata ik (F177 (66% enfin inlonal 0,520.93) those who cream fok: ai upslomonts cad to tose who do not, Which of he flowy p vas most hel coespords to he resus repured ty te vests? v exon © 008 © oom © ono © po ‘question: 3of 3 [Qed : 20] chub bhs ney sus cond ted in paters: wth cron han fake Sart, ested whan ACE rho and app dust. the patos a red eo 8 gra.ps one JOU receves metopckl ate chet geup ects slccbo, The olbving este ee vaues ae reported fer the metopll gcup compe tote slsbo cus Fase Ferien ria [ene bes 7a 105Teac Siren Question: 3 of 3 Laid: 20) 2 chuble bind ded sty cond ted inpatients with eronic hast ab, as ar, toate whan AE rior adap dust, The pats a id into two grag ono ou receves metorschl ae te olher up recess cebo, The fling ese ek aves ae porte forthe maton group coreares to the cet rus Teens ae Er 73102 rena rc 0 et Feb acaba 1-088 cause resorauaten| 78109 [esdirarcle noralty ame ‘cle e515 ‘och af te flung prices te nee eerste fr te obtanestreniter © a) tetebecate decane both slcauee at and casoveenser meray © e)potatbierscrovsono to asvokw © ybetatlecis tet atease warty die to deteased rs ctrmocecalntacton 2 oy petabocets mey exact het fare but they decane catdovc die metalty © epBotatars cote em mjactdd fren but db rot aoc he fsck Correct answers: 10 2) 31S Total Gorect: 0.83 Explanation : eka sk ard os ato (@eesed in reves soto) ae massa: of asneaten whch prado Fe tins fae, Thoy ar ust dowsing ie mares of eect, Fer oan, ‘ea of 20 nds thatthe rik of an cute ht oso aug tce at tha unsiooeG FOLD. Sue tie rk arc orto as poeNs estas ober aan saree fre ponuiton, we need come maaue ofancen arc eperted abn wth the pt estat, The 98s canteens (C) ses ths ncien by pcwdg anintenale vate itn wach we cribe 98% confer thatthe tua elite koe itil aftr ccrumtng fr arc et. For exarele Wate fc of 2.0 raprted abng wth SS Caf 5-28, we cba 2% confer that he ou rite: he popletonles mevherberoeen 15 ard 25. as preveurycesrbed, 2 vie cf. fe the nie: or cscs ate eats tat ther na aszcaton botnesn the expan ae cuca, the #0 Cer 2 rected lane kore rte dees re ncude 1.0, then the £2 < So harce tat the cesar aseanten che te chance :Teac Siren © b)fotatchas prods to stoke © cyperatlecis fet atease were de to deteased is cfrmoceealacton (2 peta bocens may exact het fare but trey decane catdovc die metalty of © epBetabckrssotet fem miactdd ifacten but db not aoc he sk stoke Correct answers: 110 2) 3) Total Gortect: Dt Explanation: labor ardor rato (aeeused in rors socio) ae mossus of ebeattn whch rade pet sna ef ac. Thoy ar usu dowsing he mazes of a efost, Fer oan, ‘atv rk oF 20 indeaas thatthe ik of an eutzsmo hte wiposed cups tice that nth unsipond roup. Sree tie rk ard ob ratio as pbs estas ober fm a rank saree fhe ponuston, we need some mes ofan evar reported alg wth the po estat, The Ss canter (CD) eres ths functor by mosdrg anntenal ovate tn sch we cre 9% corer thatthe ua late ko cl atl aftr acrumtng fr arc et, For earl, Wa ratve fc of 2.0 repre abng wth SSC of 5-25, we canbe 2% andar that he oun asbis ene popictonles smmeuherbenvecn 1 ard 25. as preeurtycecrbed, 2 vim cf. fr the eastie rior cece ate eats at thers ng aszeston botiaas tre evga ars cuter, the #2 = asco aan ek erate rte doe ne ncuda 2.0 then thal ea < Ste cance thatthe abeanias aeosten eae te chance “peraters, the edeusted > va fr sucha asseaition woud be < 005, (Fhe 95% Cl eoes rie 1.0, then theres » Si chance thet the ebsered asozaton cus to chance (ovaLels > DCS) ard ther mothese (ne assocator) eeepc stan cassie» ceessend with the ean ofa corsrun.svatele, Te cate the ck wcund the mean you ms brow the felosng: the ean, standard dovaton (50), care ae saree sce (7), st of al sanded err oF the ear SEW) s cdl us the flowing forms SEM = SDivn, Hasse note tht thesanoke sees apato the cals the hogs he saree sko, tho tater the “he nat steo|s to muy te SEM wth the conessancing 2scoe: ar 5% Clits 1.95 emarber the remade ache fat that 95% ofthe cbserater le withh tvs standard cits rem ho moan) and fr 39% Cts 2, ‘he fal step st obtan the cartcence ens as sh be ein £186¢50)¢n, ss roar cove, the width of he Cis rts rite! to arp so: reeasng the angle ste dees: hel, ndeatrg hgher procs af tre itaset.The's demurkvated hQursten #1 bth surter thet Fl COP ue wth ior ras tperrebmoeiscfemiy mages. Hour, cy Bhs sure Cl uheh Pere ho she 10. Theor study da 3p value > 005 9 ds at fesch ates sgfeance, The eadanazn fer the wider ctu) ara srpe soe compeact2 U3Teac Siren ‘Measures of Central Tendency ‘question: of 3 Fad: 21] In mniperened sry, potent cen fom sale sgn af nesta wth anew batsbleer The ruber fangnalepkares exerenceey the potent nthe heteth doy of taaent = trims te nie be Number of patients 50 40 20 20 10 ‘Number of anginal episodes: seen these data, what he average ruber ef ananaepsoces exverenced by peters Vested with tre new clug? 0 © s)pabisen cand 2 emt © cy Booweun tard 2 em © e)Borweon Bard 3 Question: 0f 8 Laid: 22] ‘mY patent hs anita canda paca ater cardac srs to merterssto: on posse (38), Twn fou $8 yduos ao ecco over ape of thaw, wih aman du oFSe eet ‘a 0U satan hasan intent cans paced ate cardac scr to ert stoke os press (89), Twanty fou SBP vuas ae ecctded ve! azeled of hou, wth a mainu yale et {ekg and arreirum au of 9 mma, {fe rot SEP eccrdngis 200 ark, whch oF tha felownais mos to ran ure>aresd? © ain 4 8 Eye © orange © eyvatince © ey surviradeeston ‘question: 9 of 9 [ed :29] oar wth aera heart uo cad te CV ad urdorgces neato odynanc Tantra. Over thorext Feu, tha recoded aes of Numer atery wore pres a 25 rag, 2, 20 ne, 27 rns, 4 ey ar 27 wD. EE of he flowng isthe med ofthe eco! ee? eam eee veo © p20 eo bomrect answers: 1) 235 3)e Total Corect: 13 Explanation essuescfcrtal tendency na ditt neide naan, rode av medan Means Ta frthe mean cf cts, it, you atthe sls of abeestare the dita et ant shen cue tt etl the ur of aseratont. For arp, te answer questnn #1, ete sum up dof the nara axeedesn study ube ' a |Se eet Cort Answers: 1) 238 8)C Total corect: 0.013, Explanation : esses of cerita tendency na dese dase mes, rude rc med Means To rethe naan of datz, ist you ai tho vs of absent the dha st and then did hat total bythe rb of servations, Fer var, to aewer ueston A, fst we sum up alof tha erga dos sty suc ' ops 1a9s 20 630 Nest we Ue ths us bythe numb of patents inthe stury. The owl save seo 190 (50,3, 10,10, som =o. We can cade that stents expnenced en stage 08 angral epee en the thseth cay ofthe ctu Median: The meson of stase bth serve vale ts ey ies the ght and et hes ofthe dae For eip there re 13 cbse vas Fa dataset then herve wa be the vale fr which ti of te other chee vas ae lrg anda a lawer ihe numberof ebenatenst even, hen the mechan wake cbtanedky cir together th ride two aus and ste by toe (88 the ph bef C5) Bu we Pulmonary artery wedge pressure Fig. Meson ofa dhasot tho rumbor that dos the riht haf he eta fom th at hs ‘heres ins ues 42, the means aud to (204262 = 23, Mode: the mode the mest fecuentvaue ofthe dats Cutler: out done 2¢ 7 eter and unui vue cesorod haste Itmaylae he anit af asachs enc, ameaucrent eter,” aman hersmoven, Themen vee ‘pel shits mare cry a euler thane te madan vale, The mace et afecteetby an cute.Se eet ‘Measures of Dispersion ‘question: of 2 Qed: 24] Fur sepa tudes ae ureraen to ates the me acute cotrary synckome in art rennea.sl women takrg hanrenerepacanet the-oy. The ruts of he rules ar wal as thereat ofa metanise as shown cn the ttt bcw. Eat ay end presenta a an cette song th a confer teria. which of she flowin eal oe hal coneseend ta ems ene coc veo coe ‘question: 2of 2 [Qd: 25] su aos: the ele ofa poison in arts daveicpmient. 100 len th dagnoseeashra ae 200 chan vthout ass 3 sod a sete ofqunsteneaqrene er homes. An at oluten rex nga Yor 0 101 then cacetec besa cn each e's eszenses, The mean af rc wx er chicas with astral cases 2 4.3 95% confdarce ter 3.1 5) Veh of re olowrg stats changes woud be mest lie tare ante ciden were Puede sur? Stardadanor tthe mean Upperccricencelimt Laver conffrce Int ;Teac Siren ‘question: of 2 [e257 sui aieses the ce of ak ton nabs deepen, 100 CAen wth dagnosed asta rv 200 chien hut ats ae eked a sees of auestons grok tek Hones, An flute een anja ram 0 10 ten cata bssa on cach cls respons, The mean felt Fb or chi ith astra caste 2 4.3 (65% confides her 3.1 ~ 5). ‘ch af te flung statetea changes wad be mst le imre ater chaden ware tudes he sa? Seacaderorcfthe mean Uppereerdence int Laver contre int ear 1 ven 1 eon 1 em: © Eidwece botrect Answere: YD 2) Total Gorect: 12 Explanation: ange, standarcl devater, stavdac ent of he man, arc owcantl we sl mesnves of dscetson (or vail) Range:teposens the cference between thelnghes an west ab in the dato Standard desathn (GO) esas dips sured the mean inthe ud sarplewherae stand! ac ofthe ean (EM) shows ha prea the spe egresert the tic eltin, SEM nays ater then Sb oes ef cust 2c ety the qa oot of sare al sO cakabted 2 fale Eo-5 SD resents sundae davaten su mars tha sum of al vahiesTeac Siren Corroct Answors:1)D 21 Total conect: 0.62 Explanation fang: tnd devate, striae ere of te mean, are percant we al mene of Aspens (a salty) Rangoeposonts tha alarea between the Fghest ar gost ah in ho tat Standard donation SD) rezoxes cpa aro.rd he moan in ho study save whotox stand evr ofthe ean (SM) shows how proalthe sare crear he suc epultn, SEM = rays aradr than SD beast caste! as 20 eb ha sqaro aot of sare eat SO ected a fal Drees sunthe evaten sur; meas the sum of al vues Xepraents te rear se roprseris tha indi vues he dataset rpraants tho numberof date pats tha sat Note tht nis resale to SD. nether wees, & the runbe fda artsin the st reas, the tarda aor of the mean okareases. Js noted nthe secon on contre nis, the Fema for ean ntti a als 9% = Maen 1.95% SVK besten ware, conidana teria vty rat th so animate itn the sample ae, nother word, te same sx cies, the confide tava dase ranows), sep the cree te queston #1, mmetpardiss contans ror dats pats than av ef the indvea scar for which is dated. Snes the sarcl oe lager nthe meraarals, te confide rraval whe ares, Heres, the cavect ices. Also apy is pincbl to Ques #2, & te rumber of late pants in hast reas (number of amet chsh), the SEM daveases ad the Conidae tara narows (hace), Percentile cosates the pecertae ofpepustcn eb 2 sear vabe, Fx siample, your ssa an the exam caressa tout” pacers, then cry zo% ctexamness sted abo yeu rte > ‘rtercuasle ange the dfrence betwsen the values caneszending te the 730" and zs" erentTeac Siren Sensitivity and specity ‘question: of 6 [Qe: 26] | new test haskean deve ey caonoaeofparmeste cane suse cenmmmieleial aan ndestr of he aces proces, The gach baw cemenattes the ot. abn sem matterleas beth nest a esessed pater Healthy Diseased ‘Serum marker Comps to tha be vos, the ec cues a ascot th © A) Mapex senstity and lower spotty 0 © Wiilcher sretity achoner sect cy Hgher sre and save spect © bp Loner seit an ater ecety © Ey Lcwe senate speci ‘question: 2 of 6 [aed 271 2 noe darste tat fr bcos ha acento a and a peat oF OS. Hf pod a papi of 160.990 pstertsin we the prowerce of beacuse 3%, Few many se regatierands wos you eipect? eo © es0 ¥ So eosmTeac Siren Question: 3of 6 LQd:28 1 ‘rae deacer of ant acd metabcko cases sere marta otadaon lat unseated, he dssaes detected soon ater br 2 retichie cot arent mental bramatties Which he folowing eactrstes would most cosa in 2 scaring tot fr ts oa? © ayer sont © eyHign seen © CH postin pect v9 © oynautt abe © ey scarey question: 4 of 6 Le: 29) ‘raid tos that ne to dagrose HSV econ soso NHS pationts nes nore often tan nrc acted ters, Which of tho obingwxposson sd to ro ts Iernstont © 4) Tue pstvesil pote © Tew poatheerTue gates © cy senmerispectony © ppservititftt Speci) © spacton it sere) ‘question: Sof 6 Fad: 307 ree sur maar sens promsenn the eal gress cfclon cancer. presents 3 ets anogen tht has mreral sires hethy adits, ut as ievesed reste these wth clan cae, vats seu conceraton eas (P,P, and #8) ar tested cto cats er dagross of éssse, The senate aspect) of We cesta each these slum corcenvatns ‘then cerpsted to th coe standard (exseral bees). The felowira cave i consbuctc,Teac Siren ‘Question: Sof 6 [0d : 30] ree sur maar sens promsenn the eal gress cfclon cancer. presents 3 ets anogen tht has mreral sires hethy adits, ut as ievesed reste these wth clan cares. vats seu conceraton eas (P,P, nd #3) ar tested cto cats er dagrose of éssse, The seratwty ar specie) of te cesta each these stun corcensatns ‘than cerpated tothe coe standard (exesoral begs). The flowing curve consbuci, Sone so mam so 1 sporeny och of he olowros the best tater cenesinna the ren test? © ky Piveprsonts he eat part withthe best ning at eessty (© yp reprserts the cattTpart wth the st akg possbty © cypscaveszends to tho eutaff ant wth tha Mebest sate ecko ab oo © 0) Ps cenespent ns ewer sera mater ais than does BL © e)Thahigher tho sotun mar ovo usd as oeuttfoch, tha wer the peiicty question: 6 of 6 Lead: 31) 3B yea ad Caucasian civigaeda posts to ou ofc at 20 woul gostaton for pronatd courzarg, Shes earned accu tho te af Dawn smciome ae ais dbut methods oF ets hres eu oiiy tot bee sroring may dart upto 60% ofeaws are arcontess my lect upto SO8, Sho dsdos nak to uckxgo athe lost regres ith to ach! wth Owen symtkore, Yr comastng nth tests dark patent cure yu specthal emphaTeac Siren question: 6 of 6 Lead: 31) (3B yea Cacasin crvigaeda pests to eu oe at 20 weak gestation for pronsté coursing, Shes creer abet tho tek of Bown sree ae ais aout mathods oF aly rss, You aioe tat otia srring may tect uD ta $O¥ oFcans are anmnconitess me detect uD ta 60%, Sho dexdos nok to cero ah ast rc yh ih to ac wth Cow symtkore, Yr comastng nth tests dark patent cure yu specthal empha 6) eevee abe agate © ey ncaa fis posto: © cy neanee poate pec sue © 0) frsenod rogabve metho uo 0 © epicrese senses bovrect answers: 16 2)¢ 3) 4)0 5S} S)E Total conect: <3 Explanation Sere ard soar toty xe means ota dares: test's vc, Sent i cored asthe tepaton of éseased subjects whe test pasts fr dese, Sze & cred as tre acpaton oF seats subjects who test nega fr cease cover the folorna 2 2 able je its ave resents bn se Fanaa) Pann ete er ee wi : S Serstiy = TefeTBaMO or (860) Sort eres the ecb of test poster patertshang the deeas, For exarp,srauty of 6% main at 0 oF 0 pts with theckease woul! est patho. Question #2 eeTeac Siren Sersitlyeeresants the pcbeblty of test poses Fpstients ung the deess2, For exes, seriuty of 60% means that 30 of 160 paths with the ces woul test positive. Question €2 esas 3 poouiton of 100,000 with 3 reported tubers Jock ncence of 1%. i E poouston thereat thetefe 1,000 cares of extn tubers, The new dagrnste test which hat 3 senataty of 80% would dent 809 cases Lut would not dant te dase n the reraning ICU cosas (fabs iecetves). 2 test wth ic senatty stcely used 252 soeening test Dacue tan YUE N= ‘many poeple with th crease as cosale, bn Question #9 ts essantl te dagnose as many patents withthe reredtay cretaboi dbeace 2s posskla because (2) the canton has save complications sand (2) tis potenbaly etal cagrsecl way, Thetete, a scisertn text with ahh ssi smoot Spsofany = TWIN) oF D/H) Sspsofonyrcresrs the cabiny of exis negate in patents wihcut te dsease, quest #2 presents apepeton cf 10,000 wth sacred tubercuoss reverce of 1%, ths pandston, thers ae therefore 99009 ecole See afte cesses, Tha new tet would Ue negate $5% oF thats seeps (050) bak would be faze posta tn sharamarne 4950 pana, & tet ut aS specioty stay used as 2 contataytast because cn il cuts may pecle wit'eut the dese as res Sent and Sovity dacroste tet ath rfc valty woud hae sere and spariary equ 1, but the is sadom posse, Typcah thes a vadoer between senstvty and speofaty. rage 2 sun mate Prac Yale lwedin the gross cfm resbac dszae (asin Queston #1). fhe sur kel ofthe rats messuecir heathy a éseased nda, theres dest avays an ovrap betsen hasty Serena nidds with Tajvrmma! vues and ceases wih Yoweabnoalvabes (se Fy 4). [the culo pons sat at pont ¥ thet al of he Heat care retest abe cesues ar the br taloF tho Goze cave represents ss nega, e4 The boleavesnn te above dacram reteset the steuton of sum maha een thehesthyaré dseased epulten, represents the cutoff vas foreessve and recebe test resis nt &ceespor to 20% seri ard pant & canescens to 100% pects siftrg the cut au towards oun a eveases erty but dacesss sree, shina the evtff vee tovacs part & deteass seit but ress: speci, Dsoeare ep between ‘he neat ard dseasedrepuston cunt ss orestatac by te ec cues (creed tothe ue eres) m Queston #2, cecessesketh the rurbe of fe astves arf recess. “hetters tho red curs a asenatee wth Mba snatety rd cenitTeac Siren g.4 The boleavesna the above dacram reteset the dsteuton of serum maha een thehesthyaré sesedpoputen, represents the cutoff vas ferpessve and recebve test resis ant &ceresponds to 200% senstinty are pant S canescens to 100% penis, siftrg the cut au towards punt a eveases seruty but dsesss spec, shng the evtff vee tovacds part & deteass seit but ress: spect, Deceased vey between ‘he neat ard dseased repute cunt as corevstata by te ec ues (seed tothe ue eres) m Queston #2, cecessesketh the rurbe of te astves arc fae recess “peters there cues sr ascnatecl wth hohe senate arc cenit ‘he cane shour n cuesten #55 aed srecener opratrg chants (OC) cave. Ielksvates he Maceo betneen senstivty ard cea) which race when choos 2 cuts vabe Fe ost ardreetve est ruts. Inthe exe, the culo cent shows hgh sents ae ow petty, uti the PL evttfpant shows alow srsbty and ch sce. Eseden these cosoretore, ican bo cordurk hat eeesnonc lo lar sarum maar vo than coos PA “he we urder ROC texesarts acute the test (he ruber of tue poses ius bus necetes ced the munbar of al cbseatons) Jn arate test woul hve ara urder the ROC dose to 2.0 fectangdr sano) whore a tost wih nopredeive vale woud bo rpresartadby astaght np (66.5). * 1- Specificity ig 3 Two fecaheraperstng heaters (ROC) cuUes ae shown, CAN has aaundar te cue cose *9 LO and epesarts an acute tt, Cave Ba stander the cane of 0.5 acts react vaue brother npn restr of tt prfarce « thellelhacd tn, The ponte eked ts caste) duck arewuty by (Lspeati)). poate lsheed ate oF a recstes tat poste test resus seen 9 teres rare equarty ni patents vith the dees than npaters wteur he asesse, Unk rede vais, the eslhocd ano réepercent of seaTeac Siren recletive values ‘question: Lof6 fad: 32] |r con teat or infect yes rectus eaten oie ef nfetee pater andin 10% efurifectd stents, Precience of yrinfecton the rubten ¢ 10%, what he Problty hat 3 pauart who tess pestie wt the nee tests wfetec wth pee © mame © ya3% ve 0a% © mse © E78 Question: 20f 6 LQ: 33 2 Seyea-ad Caucasian lena rast to vow offce with seltpabated tyra rede, te the atopiate woke, inereede aca (FW) others permed. The AA ruts reqabie, Ar you ate ewoanna the test rend, the part as “What ae the chancas tht (realy darot have cancer" Yau too that tha robe of hyo cancer sw har cave cae Fite abd © a) sonstuny © ey senatey © ype prev ve © oy Necatve rece vate © eyes question: 3of6 [ae :347 _serdoge test itoduce forthe chars of hepatic vs (ACY) fect, Wha testa on th geneal poo, tsar and spe of the ast re 05% and 78%, eipacthly Ifthe testis apple ta aperiston af vd cusssth shgher pickin) of Hey rfc, whch afte bleu charge: woul! you expect? Seeaicty ——Postke Pedctve vale Hegathe Predcive vale © a) bron mae peaseSe eet ‘Question: 3af6 [ad 38] _serdoge test itoduce forthe chars of hepatic vs (ACY) fect, Wha testa on th geneal poo, tsar and spe of the ast re 05% and 78%, eipacthly Ifthe testis apple ta aperiston af vd cusssth shgher pickin) of Hey rfc, whch afte bleu charge: woul! you expect? Seeaicty ——Postke Pedctve vale Hegathe Predcive vale © sree mae pease ¥ © eHocarce ese Devexe © ineree meesce sncrae Soe © 0) dace Deve trea ee © eyoscese pene Serena ‘question: 40f 6 Fad: 357 oe tet ary cetacten ofan cana reer iveetgstan it masses # erm mst ie a nina of the neon oeest Therealts ofthe sey marinate tht the seu maisrloel = conested ith the xeseree of cyan cancer nthe women unde stu the cute ports moved fom x93, tha poste pede vale wh vO x) mceue © ecmTeac Siren v8 a)eceee © ecm © cyfeman unchanged © 0) comnts deterred trod on te data prove Question: 5 of Laid: 36.1 1280 pars texte ind chat pan area norma sehnaEC6 urdog> stress EC foley cocray ngegapy. Cory angeteny ete posta a asta oF ‘cronay ates has a aterscbro sn th 270% Lal toms. The folie obtares (sa re tla ek) Senet ae Specliy “mony anaiooraor Pradicve Yale i Sues Text postive ative he ‘ccarcng ts the soy resuts, #2 saa wth aiersedrcuced chest pan has avagabie CG sbess test, what Sher ably of hang epost rent on cctoney aionachy? © apa ei eo 1% ve pm © 15% Question: 6 of 6 Loud: 37] Svea tstshare been dow-ced to mass sotiage makers of bat near, The snsivty rc cen fer dagros of eal stago bast nos vay fm test ott, pte, whch of ‘he fobong tots he Fret rato ave or the ca? A) Seretity- 2%, soecty 5% © wnSenstivty 85%, spartaty- 9% cy serumity 70%, speccty- 94%Teac Siren ‘Question: 6 of 8 Lad: 37) Svea tstshare been dow-ced to mass sotiage makers of bat near, The snsivty rc cen fer dagros of eal stago bast nos vay fm test ott, pte, whch of ‘he fobong tots he Fret rato ave or the ca? 8) Setity 2m, ety se © wnSenstivty 85%, spartaty- 9% © cy sentry 70%, sparany. 9% © oy srutity 72% cca — © sentry =n, sossnty Serena bovrect answers: 1)C 2) 3)8 4) =} 5)a Total conect: <3 Explanation : Dect vase ae irecrtant msssaas ofthe potest cb of dese over tha obvi two bt ae patrats Poor rosa Pre Ao ven) Pane gate senametny —_fuenamerw —_ f° tal © 0 a Poste rca ae (PW) represents tha rohaty ef hang the chess ihe os pte Tis ceusted uang the olny fone Pou = TRICE 4) = AE) Neste redo au (NP) ezarts the ebsity of beng Fee of tre drome fhe testis negavo, Jt cated sh te fala Fr Nev = THUCTHNAR = DCAD)Teac Siren Corsi the foloing toot tal jectresults ease Prevent 8 Absent er ee egative oD ee eee a 5c Bo Be ote aedtievaue (POV) represents the robaityethacrthe cosa the toe poste, Is edzuted usa the felowina emu ay = eT 4) = afeo) negate rede te NPV) terest the city of berg fee of te dace the test enegube, cated ung re fe tb hPv = TCAD = DIED) Lrte onan, oso an lsthood tes, pracve Yao: dopercon tho rovaeree of tho désaw nthe preston txts, 1 the pexdanea high apostna tats mora eo to 3 9 sto FP igh THe peal iy, 2 nogateo tt no Kay to ba. tp ngatha BV Shh It eso mortar to ursostnd that paseo abs ramps y the retest rcbsity of dees, In patrts with ahi protest probs ofc, tre FP oF crest tos ‘sed, nagre prforning HW tain en two parts, Tha fst patint has mul rotors er rctn ard herfenehas a igh test pbs of ML, Tha sorption has nek faster for ectin ar therefere hs aw retest ocbetiy of he dee, sie ut in he es at has gr FP ste probe ty theca) than a restive ei Fe second tent, hour sestly and speccy ofthe test re the sar fer both pats epost to cic rode us: igien tha som, sect and bso raeaercs, Bees thre, anita thao Fiprobsly enn sa or cis, erping Bays thamer © Questen #1 Seri 6 20% (08) a sea 520% (D.). Provaence ofthe dsanels 10% (0.1), To cate tre preccbve vale, begn by ede the acbeity of ebting atu posts: mur sanity by rovaerne (08°0.1), Tren catubte th cba of ebtania a abe poste: matey (Lsteaiy} by (-praeaerce) (.1°0.9), Accordng to tha doFntan, PP acu the arr t truoceativosddaby the toa runt of patna tast sits, Terre, FIs eaul tm (.8*D. 02°03) +1010) = 47%, A tr ret can bo used to cats NPM erother way of surg Queston @2is by duganainrunber, Inaore thet tho popuston crus of JOD patents, Snes he dsaxo creer b 20% that moans 1D atertshav the ebeasa ard Dot, Porming test wth 20% sersty cn 10 deca patents yes & russe, Poeng 3 test wih SM seciy en SD patents wiht debe yl ss pois, FP east the Facton of wu pnts ha apostles, Thro, PPY nth asa b ont (84D) = AT, :Teac Siren Porthe rete wb (PPV represents therohsityofhaehg the chez the test ithe, Ts casts usng the fol fo oy = TPP 4 FD) = Hse) Neate recto vue (NE) reeset the pebaity of ben feof tre doa the testis nega, Jt cate sh te fala Fab nev = UCT = OCHO) Ure senses, seofatyandilsthoad ates, preemie ves depercon the reiaerce ofthe diease n the pauston tated Ifthe wesdence hh, apostve tacts more lke tobe 3 ue postve PY Iehgh). fee prewlence slow, 3 negate Tat moe Kt tobe a tue gatne INV SHE Itako moran to Understand ha preseave aie cra mpsttc by he retest pckebity of desc patent witha hey pretest proalty of msc, he FPV cfcagestc tes rase¢. anzohe paforanghit sess en twe patos. The fst patent has mutple ators rfecon ard hatte has ahh pretest preety of Hs, The setorepstent hes nek fate fe nfcaon and theaters has 2 ow retest orca) of he dese, povve aut inthe fst aztenthas 2 hgher FP [sees preity of the cess) than a resbis ven nthe second zaent, although set and sacfcy ofthe HV txt ae the sare for bh pati tt spostlet edeuate ect vues faien the sett, sect and ceca pravaerce, Eyes thre, animenantthecrm nly eat = used or eeusters. pling bayer tharer to Cuesten 31 Serstty 660% (00) ae getty § 50% (9.8), Pownce ofthe deanels 10% 0.1), To caste the preccbve wakes, og By auth the gckslty of ebaing at posts: mp senmy by reiseree (0570.1). Then, cube the eck) of ebtanng 3 fee poste: muy (Lope) by (preeerce) (0.10.9). accord tat cefnton, PP se the meer cf ‘rue pesmiescndesby the tra rumba afpoatwe tastiest. Thereve PPIs equl eo (08%D. (S02) +1040] = 47%, 8 aria meted canbe used ro caste Hv rather way of clirg Queston @4e by dugghghnrumber. inagre that tha populares of 29 patents, Shae the dase creck 0%, that meane 40 tens hive the cess a sa ¢o et. Ferrans test wth 60% erst) cn 10 seared patents yes BU postive. Fembg = test wh so% sett sn 0 pats that cases yes 52 poates. FP eC ‘he Racten of ue pats te by alpostnes, Thee, PHY nthe case equa to (549) = 7% ‘quaston #5 ask forthe ecrrecd of MP: wht che pst of on th deste canis cwcnaty anges) yeu hats a meget ts (Hs soe te? (can he acubted a: the lawn: (L=NP) = 1 DfeEHO} = EMEA) = 129127) 0.13 9) The cto dus of et daterrne the bikes betwean ike postves ard hikarmgstes, 1 thorafrn affects the senstvty and occ ofa tact oe the soar hsecten 9). nan, “pecty fa test sarireercntdoteminant oF FP, because aig spect asachted wth Tower ase postkes ues, frQuestn #4, ming te ett vue fern pont oat voreses seri ard theefers ako eae: the nunber of ue pasties, At the save tne, tHe nave aso dociases tha scaly and therfore hea the rub of fe pstves. tase ‘he deeae reuaere= aw (Le. the ae mare heathy thn azeszd recs nthe repuster), the rerase mee reaties fora ravg trecuretteent im themevers kyr than the wera rave pestiss, The ovaalesutis 2 dacrease nthe aoetve ect valeTeac Siren 2 new cosenn test teh elated forthe aay deta of serch caret. The tet ees an resaement of re ensloge maker for gieneadeoceeanas, The uc carla that, ‘opted tothe tacaone satay aFendoerape exaust ofa Wk atts, the new seni est reese ri by Biel was. Thelneaae maui etatnealy sere, though dteence's cetectedin th ate cf acd casuectony between two geuos. Which af ne flevig & mast llc to affect the stu} sus rerented above? © sy Low senstivty © by Seecton tas © OLeatome tie © by contundns © ey Rec tee ‘question: of 2 Laid: 30] ‘now sen tet fr prostate cance orc te danse rer angio fem the ebease but often mises mre curate fms, An apowertncaae sal ater mpementaton afte {ost peut bo nest bly acted © A) cortundng © wlerathomebs © cy Seecton tas © by focertarment is © ey sacuerrert be arrect anewerss1}C 2) 2 Total Conect: 0.42 Explanation : Leac‘tme bis: The gal of ascasrns test te detec the csease apy anu to alow fr Success ineientan ard to prove thecutre. Thaefore, ws components ofa sehlseaerrs test shoul be erchames: 1) ea detacnan cf a cece (aa than cute Gagrestes) a2) Hoesen sural asoasted with the melanartaton ef the test. Someries ascrearrg tet est 5Se eet ‘ast weuL BO est Hay afosted De © &)cortoundra © Bylenothomebas © 0) Seeeton tis © oy sscetarmers bas © ey easuerrert bos Senet ae Specliy Correct answers: 1)C 2) 8 ese Total conect: 0.62 Serena Explanation : Lead te bias: The gal of asoorhs tet to dotect the dsace any ama to lbw fer succes inerentan rd to prove thecutare, Thaefve, wo cenponerts of aussi scores test hou ba emphames 1) ay cetera ofa cree (ane than eutna caress) ae!2) roeacelnurwal nost uth thelrelanartatin ef the feet. Somatires3scaarr tt ac te saver detazon ofa sess art an agra ncaane avi yt whan te deal coLansac more case fe fund tat te aparant nesses ana ds en > eu eateeson a not te maces mtmvertoncr meroied progress. Th pharcrenané erat zlasdtre bas (se Fp. 5). Far staple, n Gusston #1 thenew test anseas to cto the dears oale than the ‘ratoral approach bt urea ery noses by sve weeks are tho rts of ade ca:vectamy re unchanged, Tha eaclaatn forthe acpaent razeza haart aay acres, not cee trosorentofstanasn exes rns: eens tbe the sare fr both geups Cancor Diagnosed Diagnosed by Develo by Screening Symptoms Lead Time Outeome in, Lead me reprasnts the tre dence betasen the detecton cf cance by 2 sera test and the tire of dagrcasby dseaseseretans or by 2 ater rete of across, Length-tme bas Large tmebars3prencmencn whereby 2soeenns test prefeertaly detec: es: areca fore of dense and therfore roars tre sppuert uta te, The ee casein quaston #2, whee are soeenng test deters rte rar-sqesve clots carcts ad fue aps cries than He preenus meted of acresTeac Siren study Design | question: Lof 5 [Qd: 40] an invaenosteyamsecs tt aretrinaen ute data te fst testar cf regrancy cen cause ner be Sefect eerie she gavel pute a ef hing oad te dec [VLO00. vénch af blouse the bast stud desen te uestcst the hypoess? © ny cohertsnity © ecw cont) stat © cyanea td © oy Ecobge sty © e) cams suctona Soar Question: 20f5 Lad: 41] ‘A geup ol rmestzatos ae studying te ratorahp between apartculs Siponcenase genotype an athercskoss, 2 study popdaton sandy seected, Soodsampks ae obtared or Indore goretyona, eubascnagcchy &parenres oases cate niremoda thie: 2 mater of athersdess, Ils than ene-ces that tho paul Sioeoaracs oorDtpD spscozted with apredspostin toathrstos, Which ft fw chotes doris to shay doin used by tho iwastigata? © 8) caw eros Rover © eyconat sts © cyeazacone stay of © op cosesectond Stu © typename cine Tea question: $f Fae: 427 lf 2t alge conmurty hegitdeport anincared ncdence of eta yrgharyt lakers (ALL) areng chicken apec'S.12, They pat out thst some Pausch in the carmunty 9= feipossdts chem wet om apeany ct. They Aeove that chemi wamte cous ern Fa uc) cesone ta eral the mrp oe eam whieh of he leur apc are rest kay to comprse te conel op? © 8) chicten axesed to te chemed waste who do ret fer om ALL ©) chen ot oso to tho eenal waste wt doco ule om A