02/06/2016 ACTIMARMixingzonemodelling

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Mixingzonemodelling
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Humanresources The mixing zone (or near field) is the part of the flow where the fluid behaviour is mainly governed by its own
Technicalresources characteristics (buoyancy, turbulence) and to a lesser extent by the environment (density stratification, advection by
Numericalmodelling local currents). Near field phenomena can not be solved by numerical models of coastal circulation, based on the
Remotesensors hydrostaticassumptionandontheformulationofturbulenceadaptedtostablystratifiedflows.Indeed,inthenearfield,
Hardware theflowisnonhydrostaticanditsturbulenceisfully3D.
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In addition, the use of a numerical model of "industrial fluids" type, capable of representing finely the near field
processes,wouldresultinasignificantcalculationcostbecauseofahighReynoldsnumber.

However,arobustrepresentationofthenearfieldisrequiredassomefeaturesofthedistantplumearedeterminedin
thenearfield,startingwiththeequilibriumdepthoftheplume.

Whenthenearfieldissuesareofimportance(submarineoutfall,brinedischarge),Actimarbasesitsexpertiseon
empiricalmodelssuchasVisualPlumesand/orCormix.

Cormixisrecommendedforitswiderrangeofprocessestakenintoaccount,includingdedicatedmodulesforeffluents
that are heavily salted (brine discharge from a desalination plant) or heavily loaded in suspended solids (hydraulic
dredging). Cormix is the reference software for the study of near field. It is widely used in the United States for
regulatory studies relating to the US right of the mixing zone (regulatory to be distinguished from the "near field"
conceptofhydrodynamictype).

Subject to a simplification of the environment (which actually requires an expertise and a systematic study of
sensitivity),Cormixcangivethemaincharacteristicsofthenearfield:

dilutionratiodependingonthedistancetotheoutfall,
equilibriumdepth,

dependingonparameterssuchas:

diameterandorientationoftheoutfall,
flowandbuoyancyoftheeffluent,
ambientstratificationandcurrentshear.

The interaction between the nearfield (Cormix) and distant (Seamer) models is achieved through the concept of
"mixingchart"developedbyActimar.

Finally,notethattheCormixsoftwarecanbeusedindependentlyofthecirculationmodel,whichisusefultodesigna
complexoutfall(mixingoptimizationbyadiffuser):

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02/06/2016 ACTIMARMixingzonemodelling

Cormix can also be used to make predictions in the far field, subject to simplify the bathymetric and hydrodynamic
environment.Belowisanexampleofthedepositofsuspendedsolidsfortheoffshoreindustry.

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