PREFACE

First of all, thanks to Allah SWT because of the help of Allah, writer finished writing the
paper entitled Makalah right in the calculated time.

The purpose in writing this paper is to fulfill the assignment that given by Mrs.TSALIES
ARUM PUTRI. M.PD, as lecturer in nursing major. In arranging this paper, the writer trully
get lots challenges and obstructions but with help of many indiviuals, those obstructions
could passed. writer also realized there are still many mistakes in process of writing this
paper. Because of that, the writer says thank you oll individuals who helps in the process of
writing this paper. Hopefully allah replies all helps and bless you all. The writer realized that
this paper still imperfect in arrangment and the content. Then the writer hope the criticism
from the readers can help the writer in perfecting the next paper. Last but not the least
hopefelly, this paper can helps the readers to again more knowledge about nursing major.

Palembang, September 2017

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI

CHAPTER
IINTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 1
Daftar Isi................................................................................................................................2
BAB I. Pendahuluan..................................................................................................................3
1.1.Latar belakang ...........................................................................................................3
1.2.Rumusan masalah ......................................................................................................3
1.3.Tujuan penulisan ........................................................................................................3
BAB II. Pembahasan..................................................................................................................4
Definision ...........................................................................................4
CHAPTER III CONCLUSION AND
SUGGESTION.......................................................................................................................11
3.1Conclusion................................................................................................................11
3.2.Suggestion................................................................................................................11
AUTHORBIOGRAPHY..............................................................................................................
.............12

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 BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

MACAM-MACAM TENSES

A. Simple Present Tense (Waktu sekarang sederhana)

Simple Present Tense is the tenses used to describe the present time in simple form. Tense is
used to declare all activities carried out regularly, whether every day, every month, every
year, every year and so forth.

Rumus Verbal

(+) S + V1 s/es + O

(-) S + do/does not + V1 + O

(?) Do/Does + S + V?

Rumus Nominal

(+) S + be(am, is, are) + Adj / Noun / Adverb (disingkat ANA)

(-) S + be + not + ANA

(?) Be + S + ANA ?

Biasanya menggunakan daily activity : Always, usually, often, seldom.

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Present Tense:

(+) My father goes to post office.

(-) My father does not go to post office.

(?) Does your father go to post office?

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Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Present Tense.

(+) Marcella is a stronger woman.

(-) Marcella is not a stronger woman.

(?) Is she a stronger woman?

B. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)

Simple Past Tense (Waktu lampau sederhana)

Simple Past Tense is a tense used to describe events that occurred in the past and the time of
the event that has been known.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + V2 + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)

(-) S + did + not + V1 + O + ANA

(?) Did + S + V1 + O + ANA ?

Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + to be 2 (was/were) + ANA

(-) S + to be 2 (was/were) + ANA

(?) to be 2 + S + ANA ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Tense:

(+) The Doctor went to the hospital yesterday.

(-) The Doctor did not go to the hospital yesterday.

(?) Did the Doctor go to the hospital yesterday?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Tense:

(+) He was a teacher.

(-) He was not a teacher.

(?) Was he a teacher?

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Note:

Was: I, He, She, dan It.

Were: You, We, They.

C. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sekarang)

The Present Continuous Tense is a sentence pattern used for something that is happening
right now.

VerbalFormulas
(+) S + be + V-ing + O

(-) S + be + not + V-ing + O

(?) Be + S + V-ing + O

Rumus Nominal

(+) S + be (am, is, are) + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)

(-) S + be + not + ANA

(?) Be + S + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Present Continuous Tense:

(+) I am speaking english

(-) I am not speaking English

(?) am I speaking English?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Present Continuous Tense:

(+) He is handsome.

(-) He is not handsome.

(?) Is he handsome?

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 D. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu sempurna sekarang)

Present Perfect Tense is a sentence pattern that happened in the past and still has an effect
until now.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + Have/Has + V3 + O

(-) S + Have/Has + not + V3 + O

(?) have/has + S + V3 + O

Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + have/has + to be 3 (been) + non verb + O

(-) S + have/has + not + to be 3 + non verb + O

(?) have/has + S + to be 3 + non verb + O?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Present Perfect Tense:

(+) I have finished my work.

(-) I have not finished my homework.

(?) Have I finished my homework?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Present Perfect Tense:

(+) She has been here for 20 minutes.

(-) She has not been here for 20 minutes.

(?) Has she been here for 20 minutes?

Present Perfect Continuous (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)

The Present Perfect Continuous is an action that started in the past and still continues today.
These tenses are also used to describe events that began in the past and have just finished.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)

(-) S + have/ has + not + been + V-ing + O + ANA

(?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O + ANA

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Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + has/have + been + ANA

(-) S + has/have + not + been + ANA

(?) Has/have + S + been + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Present Perfect Continuous:

(+)He has been studying for 3 hours.

(-) He has not been studying for 3 hours.

(?) Has he been playing studying for 3 hours?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Present Perfect Continuous:

(+) I have been in Cirebon.

(-) I have not been in Cirebon.

(?) Have I been in Cirebon?

Past Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung lampau)

Past Continuous Tense is a tense used to declare events that are happening, but not happening
now, but is happening "first", is past.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + to be 2 (was/were) + V-ing + O

(-) S + to be 2 (was/were) + not + V-ing + O

(?) to be 2 (was/were) + S + V-ing + O

Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + to be 2 + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)

(-) S + to be 2 + not + ANA

(?) to be 2 + S + ANA ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Continuous Tense:

(+) He was confused in studying grammar yesterday in school.

(-) He was not confused in studying grammar yesterday in school.

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(?) Was he confused in studying grammar yesterday in school?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Continuous Tense:

(+) She was lazy.

(-) She was not lazy.

(?) Was she lazy?

Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)

Past Perfect Tense is a tense that is used to indicate events that occurred in the past and
continue or finished in the past.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + had + V3

(-) S + had + not + V3

(?) Had + S + V3

Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + had + been + ANA

(-) S + had + not + been + ANA

(?) Had + S + been + ANA ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Perfect Tense:

(+) She had helped her mother after she played a game.

(-) She had not helped her mother after she played a game.

(?) Had she helped her mother after she played a game?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Perfect Tense:

(+) They had been at Grage Mall since morning.

(-) They had not been at Grage Mall since morning.

(?) Had they been at Grage Mall since morning?

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 Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sempurna lampau)

Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an event that has been started and is in
progress in the past but now it does not happen again.

Rumus Verbal

(+) S + had + been + V-ing

(-) S + had + not + been + V-ing

(?) Had + S + been + V-ing

Rumus Nominal

(+) S + Had + Been + Being + O+ ANA

(-) S + Had + Not + Been + Being + O + ANA

(?) Had + S + Been + Being + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Perfect Continuous Tense:

(+) Isna had been sleeping for 5 hours before Her father woke up.

(-) Isna had not been sleeping for 5 hours before Her fathe woke up.

(?) Had she been sleeping for 5 hours before her father woke up?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Perfect Continuous Tense:

(+) I had been being a modeling character since 2010.

(-) I had not been being a modeling character since 2010.

(?) Had you been being a modeling character since 2010?

Future Tense (Waktu yang Akan Datang)

Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)

Simple Future Tense is used to declare actions that will occur in the future.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + V1 + O + ANA

(-) S + Will/Shall + not + V1 + O + ANA

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(?) Will/Shall + S + V1 + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + Be + O + ANA

(-) S + Will/Shall + not + be + O + ANA

(?) Will/Shall + S + be + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Future Tense:

(+) I will make a cake tomorrow.

(-) I will not make a cake tomorrow.

(?) Will you make a cake tomorrow?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Future Tense:

(+) Belinda will be a singer in my birthday party tomorrow.

(-) Belinda will not be a singer in my birthday party tomorrow.

(?) Will she be a singer in my birthday party tomorrow?

Future Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung akan datang)

Future Continuous Tense is a form of time used to declare an event that will be in progress or
will be being done at a certain time in the future.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + will/shall + be + V-ing + O

(-) S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing + O

(?) Will/Shall + S + be + V-ing + O?

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + will/shall + be + being + O + ANA

(-) S + will/shall + not + be + being + O + ANA

(?) Will/Shall + S + be + being + O + ANA?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Future Continuous Tense:

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(+) I will be studying grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST.

(-) I will not be studying grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST.

(?) Will you be studying grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Future Continuous Tense:

(+) I will be being a professional English teacher.

(-) I will not be being a professional English teacher.

(?) Will you be being a professional English teacher?

Future Perfect Tense (Waktu sempurna yang akan datang)

Future Perfect Tense tenses used to declare an event that will have occurred or will have been
done at a certain time in the future.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + Have + V3 + O + ANA

(-) S + will/shall + not + have + V3 + O + ANA

(?) Will/Shall + S + have + V3 + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + O + ANA

(-) S + will/shall + not + have + been + O + ANA

(?) Will/shall + S + have + been + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Future Perfect Tense:

(+) We shall have arrived in School at 10.00 oclock.

(-) We shall not have arrived in School at 10.00 oclock.

(?) Shall we have arrived in School at 10.00 oclock.

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Future Perfect Tense:

(+) I will have been at Grandma House by the end of the week.

(-) I will not have been at Grandma House by the end of the week.

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(?) Will you have been at Grandma House by the end of the week?

Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sempurna akan datang)

Future Perfect Continuous Tense is a tense used to declare an event that will have been in
progress in the future in the past.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA

(-) S + will/shall + not + have + been + V-ing + O + ANA

(?) Will/Shall + S + have + been + V-ing + O + ANA ?

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + O + ANA

(-) S + Will/Shall + not + Have + Been + O + ANA

(?) Will/Shall + S + Have + Been + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) She will have been studying for a while when you come here.

(-) She will not have been studying for a while when you come here.

(?) Will she have been studying for a while when you come here?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) I will have been a famous artist within twenty years ahead.

(-) I will not have been a famous artist within twenty years ahead.

(?) Will I have been a famous artist within twenty years ahead.

Past Future (Akan datang di waktu lampau)

Simple Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

Simple Past Future Tense is used to declare an event that occurs or is done repeatedly or has
become a habit in the past, the use of the word "would" in the sentence usually indicates that
the speaker wants something to happen in the future, which may or may not be reality.

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Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Would/Should + V1 + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + V1 + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + V1 + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Be + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Be + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Be + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Future Tense:

(+) They will go home soon.

(-) They will not go home soon.

(?) Would they go home soon?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Future Tense:

(+) we should be there last month.

(-) we shouldnt be there last month.

(?) Sould we be there last month?

Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to declare an action or event that will have been
in progress in the past.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Be + V-ing + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Be + V-ing + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Be + V-ing + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Be + Being + O + ANA

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(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Be + Being + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Be + Being + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Future Continuous Tense:

(+) My mother would be cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning.

(-) My mother would not be cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning.

(?) Would my mother be cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Future Continuous Tense:

(+) I should be being a art director if I did work at Pixar studio.

(-) I should not be being a art director if I did work at Pixar studio.

(?) should you be being a art director if I did work at Pixar studio?

Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu akan sudah selesai di masa lampau)

Past Future Perfect Tense is used to declare an action or event that will have been completed
in the past or declare an impossible supposition because the conditions will certainly not be
fulfilled.

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Have + V3 + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should+ Not + Have + V3 + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Have + V3 + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Have + Been + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Have + Been + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Have + Been + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Future Perfect Tense:

(+) She would have come here if she had called him.

(-) She wouldnt have come here if she had not called him.

(?) would she have come here if she had called him ?

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Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Future Tense:

(+) I should have been at Studio if they had invited me.

(-) I should not have been at Studio if they had not invited me.

(?) should you have been at Studio there if they had invited me ?

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu yang sudah sedang berlangsung pada
waktu lampau)

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to declare an action or event that will be in
progress

Rumus Verbal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA

Rumus Nominal :

(+) S + Would/Should + Have + Been + Being + O + ANA

(-) S + Would/Should + Not + Have + Been + Being + O + ANA

(?) Would/Should + S + Have + Been + Being + O + ANA

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

(+) My boyfriend would have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning.

(-) My boyfriend would not have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning.

(?) Would your boyfriend have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

(+) I should have been being an art director by studying animation.

(-) I shouldnt have been being art director by studying animation.

(?) Should you have been being art director by studying animation?

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