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DESIGN OF
REINFORCED-CONCRETE
WATER TOWER AND STEEL TANK
BY
THESIS
FOR
CIVIL ENGINEERING
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
1913
.
Tn
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
Jollege of Engineering.
my supervision
.
i recommend that the thesis prepared under
entitled Design of Reinfor ced-Joncrete^
by EURIPIDES PAJAKDO Y MAYMIR
as fulfilling this part of
water Tower and Steel TanK be approved
of Bachelor of Science in Jivil Sn-
the requirements for the degree
^in^er ing
Recommendation approved.
247417
uiuc
1.
PART I.
MilCford, Ohio.
New Jersey.
Rapids, Michigan.
PART II.
I. Design of Roof.
(A) Dead Load on Roof.
in the Roof.
2.
f orcement
(C) Moments.
VII. Foundation.
PART I.
used.
placed on top of the house for house supply, and for fire use
whenever needed.
Concrete tanks are used in various industries, as follows
the use most widely given to concrete tanks is for the stor-
age of water, and probably nine- tenths of the tank3 lwtfi&tr are
tanks into two classes: those above the ground surface, and
first be determined.
from base to roof , and the roof has a rise of three feet,
shell was covered with concrete 16 ins. deep and the base in-
for 30 ft., then five to the foot for 25 ft. and then four to
leaves the creek valley and comes to the surface several miles
inland. The water from the overlaying gravel flows into the
collector extends along the base of the hill each way from the
which heads in the hill. The other has three 8-in. lateral
A 6-in. well 125 ft. deep, has been sunk in the bottom of the
compound duplex Deane pump elevate the water from the suction
at bottom and 32 ft. at the top. The columns are 3.5 ft.
by pumping.
one on Quarry Hill, very near the old one. Concrete was chosen
England.
color than usual, and this was increased by the lime which was
The finishing tiles of the dome are dark red and glazed, and
and from the ground to the top of the ventilator on the dome,
sockets with 1 in. bronze faces, set into the wall at 16-ft.
bottom is about 16 ft. from the ground. Over the parapet, the
hopper from the ground. The mixer emptied directly into the
also, for pumping water to the top of the wall for washing it.
The concrete for the foundation, floor, and base was hoisted
about 20 ft. and dropped into a chute* (fcne section d>f this
chute carried the concrete from the tower to the center of the
made up of the supporting tower and two tanks, the upper com-
50,000 gals.
inforced concrete.
11.
3.75 ft. above sea level, which is below the line of permanent
the piles without the usual decking, but care was taken to see
that the mass was so reinforced that the load would be distrib-
ment are close to the outer edge of the foundation and grip
above the tops of the piles and spaced 6 ins. at the peri-
phe ry
in. corrugated bars placed near the center of the wall and
12
The domes which form the bottoms of the two tanks are also
form of a spiral, each window being 8 ft. higher than the one
dows and a panel door have been provided at the bottom of the
nature
13
Fig. 25.The Anaheim Water Tower built in 1907 for the Anaheim Water
Company, at Anaheim, California; Mr. C. Leonhardt, of Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia, contractor. This is not only a water tower, but a reinforced concrete
tank. Some idea of the magnitude of the work can be had when we consider
that the extreme top of the tank is 1 12 feet above the ground; the tank being
30 feet in diameter, 38 feet in height, and is supported by concrete posts 60
feet above the ground. The tank has a capacity of 180,000 gallons or 3600
barrels. The walls of the tank are 3 inches thick at the top and 5 inches at
the bottom. The posts are 16 inches square; the cost of the work is $11,400,
and amounts to only about 75 per cent, of the lowest estimate on a steel tank
and tower of equal dimensions. About 800 barrels of Portland Cement were
used in the work.
.
14.
The "bids for steel tanks and towers range from $9,200 to
"bids were received^ one for $10,400 which was accepted and the
f
used. The batter of the columns and the manner in which they
are built into the foundation slab and the tank floor are in-
members
supply of towns. There has been built within the last year
Fort Revere, Mass. and the one described in this article, are
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16.
diameter and 100 ft. high) were computed to be 1 3/4 in., which
(2) The carbon dioxide would have no effect on the concrete and
of Boston, Mass.
the top of the cornice. The walls are 18 ins. thick at the
bottom and 8 ins. thick at the top. The inlet pipe rises to
the floor, with 1/4 in. bars spaced 9 ins. center to center,
Michigan.
gal. water tower has "been erected at a point about four miles
izer, and also holds a reserve supply for the section of the
an inlet so the water enters the tank during the low demand,
the capacity of the mains feeding that section. The tank oc-
and the fact that the tank was to be supplied by a main which
w,as divided into two parts; one comprising all of the concrete
Burner Co.
diameter. The arches have a clear span of 5 ft. and are 24 in.
20.
the width of the sides of the curtain walls. These forms were
entirely around the wall, and special provision was made to avoi
PLATE L
DE5ICN
OF A l%7,0OO G ALLONS _,_
REINFORCED CONCRETE
WATER-TO WEft
TH
STEE.r TANK
Afril IS, 11 13 Enj.E Fajardo
. 5 .
23.
PART II.
I. Design of Roof.
(A) Dead Load on Roof.
steel
projection of roof.
Then:
roof
= 1497 lbs.
8
4
M _ I _ 33 .300 _ 2.08 in.
s " c 10,000
(2), (3).
S = 16,000 - 70 1
r
= 16,000 - 70 x 12 x 10
1.08
= 8820 lbs.
Area required = 1497 .17 sq. in. Area given by angle = 2.09
8820 |_square ins<
2
Total = 1 d h f 1_ d 3 (1)
4 12
from which,
h = 42 ft. 6 ins.
25
)
26.
70/O eff.
r radius in feet
e efficiency
S = 62.5hd - 2.6hd
2 x 12
s _ 2.6hd
t
expected = 12,000 lbs. per sq. in., and sometimes 10,000 lbs per
sq. in.
Substituting in (3)
t
1
= 2 6x 55 _ .595 in.
12000 x 50
O. OF I. S. S. FORM 3
28.
itself.
tance OG - 2r '
here r = radius of
*
7T
in tank =
2iL. (W x 2r) - (W x r) =
y 2 TT 4
M _
- Wr (1/4 - 1/rr)
y 2
6"
= 19,386.2 in. 4
M - SI _ 16000 x 19386.2
~ 35.25
C
F,
5 5
31.
(3) r = 44
1 /169*4
V 55.552
= 1.75 in.
ers. They are spaced 4 feet 7 l/2 ins. between rivet lines.
lateral
prevent^ expansion and thus strengthen the concrete.
used.
P f
= strength of a short column
f = ultimate strength
E = modulus of elasticity
1 = length of column
r a radius of gyration
P _ P (1)
1 + I(h*
lO.QOCTr'
AG - w of concrete
As = " w of steel
f c = stress in concrete
stress, f c
P = fcA
As = A x p (2)
Aj= A - A x p (3)
f3 =nf c (4)
P' =f c (A - A x p) + nf c A x p
P - P"(30.Q00d 8 4 41 8 )
3e,000d a
8
Then, P" 30 .QQ0d a f 41*) - fcd [l 4 (n - 1) x p]
30,000d"
p = 1.5 o/o
and, 1 = 80 feet
numerical values,
417 Q00[3Q.000d 8
t f 4(12 x 80) 8 1 - 600d 8 [l + (15 - 1).015
30,000 d*
d
4 -
574d a - 70,500 =0
d8 - 574 - 1/574* 4 x 70,500 ^ 676.5 square inches
2
equal to the crossectional area
d =: 26 inches.
34
ZG
(4) By table of Corrugated Bar Company
^.Vertical-
Reinforcement
pounds, 6-1 1/8" C. R is to be used.
V. Design of Bracing.
(A) t = Vl2.5 8 4- 125 2 = 17.6 feet
P = 1.1 o/o
+ WL in a' + WL in a"
"o
Length of a = 17.6 4 2(26/12 x .707)
o
< 3 racing
= 17.6 f 3.06 = 20.6 6 feet.
a
-
o Then, Wind Load on bracing:
1
o
N 20.66 x 0 x 10/12 + 2(20 x 18.38 )50
b L2
Ss. "o
- 1
= 3924 pounds
o
M
(B) M = 1 WL
c 8
"o
= F-3924 x 20 .8 6 x 12
M o
Ground Line. 123 ,000 pound inches
(b)
In, R m R = 130 (by table)
Ftf 7 bd'
35
a kind of insulator.
Fig 8
o-o2
37.
25-0 structure.
1419 "
Total
2000 Static Moment
i 3 o
o
N Roof 115(2.8 + 42.5 + 12.5)
= 6650 pound-feet
Shell cylinder
M
1060( 42.5 12.5)= 35600 "
2
Bottom
fooo
244(12.5 - .424 x 12.5)
-
o
o "
= 1295 "
Ground Line
Total 43,545 pound-feet
38.
(C) Moments.
"
4,000 x 60 = 240,000 "
= "
4,000 x 40 160,000
M = 100,000 x 12.5
= 1,250,000 pound-feet.
minimum.
VII. Foundation.
dead load and wind load in the oolumns plus the additional
12
"
Total wind load on one pier = 217,000
- 26/12)*
776,700 pounds.
or, d = 14 feet.
i_ gill
40.
41.
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