Activity No.

2
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Perform the proper step-by-step hypothesis procedure presenting them in proper

sequence.
1. Children of three ages are asked to indicate their preference for three photographs
of adults. Do the data suggest that there is a significant relationship between age
and photograph preference? What is wrong with this study? [Statistical Test = 29.6,
with 4 d.f.: p<0.05].

Photograph:
A B C
Age of child: 5-6 years: 18 22 20
7-8 years: 2 28 40
9-10 years: 20 10 40

2. A study involved a sample of 24 males who were assigned randomly to one of 4

conditions on computers in a computer lab: 0% of bookmarks pornographic
websites, 10%, 50%, and 80%. After 90 minutes of surfing the web, attitude
measures toward women were obtained. The mean and standard deviations for the
Women as Managers scale (WAMS) were (there were 6 subjects per condition):

Statistical
Trt Mean SD Pvalue
Test
0% 108.67 27.82
10% 107.50 15.04
2.95 0.0672
50% 130.17 15.63
80% 131.17 11.97

Test whether the true mean WAMS scores differ by condition (=0.05)

3. Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) informed classroom teachers that some of their
students showed unusual potential for intellectual gains. Eight months later the
students identified to teachers as having potentional for unusual intellectual gains
showed significiantly greater gains performance on a test said to measure IQ than
did children who were not so identified. Below are the data for the students in the
first grade:

Statistical Test = 3.534, df = 38 and Pvalue < 0.05.

4. Use the data below, showing a summary of highway gas mileage for several
observations, to decide if the average highway gas mileage is the same for midsize
cars, SUVs, and pickup trucks. Test the appropriate hypotheses at the = 0.01
level.

n Mean Std. Dev.

Midsize 31 25.8 2.56
SUVs 31 22.68 3.67
Pickups 14 21.29 2.76

Test Stat = 13.055 and P-Value: 0.0000142

5. Consider the following data for a companys monthly advertising expenditure and
their sales. (a) Produce a scatter plot for these data, and comment on the
relationship between advertising and sales. (b) Calculate the sample correlation
coefficient. Does this agree with what you can see in your plot in part (a)? (c)
Perform a linear regression analysis on these data, and obtain the linear regression
equation. (d) Plot the regression line on your scatter diagram in part (a). (e) If the
company were to spend P112, 000 on advertising in a month, what could we expect
their sales to be?