Introduction

doesnt know what an adjective is, h e s never m et

The students book
W h o is this series for?
Anybody who feels the need to supplem ent the
gram m ar taught in coursebooks with either
additional gram m ar examples and explanations,
or exercises, or both. The books are flexible
enough to serve a dual purpose as class books and
as books to use at hom e. Some of you may not
have used the first two books in the series. If that
is the case, please read the following which
describes the characters and m ethodology of the
books. However, if you have already used Books
O ne or Two, please tu rn to page 9 to find out
whats new about Book Three.
an adverb and he thinks the plural of dog is
dog, dog, but he doesnt allow such things to
hold him back. He learns and moves on to the
next challenge.
The m ud pie is just one of Splodges great
passions. Mud pies are edible, of course, and
usually washed down with a large glass of Fizzy
Ink. These slightly unconventional items of
vocabulary are ones which you may like to
teach your students at an early stage in the
course.

Characters
For those of you who have no t had the good
fortune to m eet a splodge before there are one or
two things that are handy to know. Splodges are
incapable of looking after themselves. Theyre
innocent, vulnerable creatures who need constant
attention from their elders and betters. A splodge
left to his own devices will invariably get into
trouble and make a mess of things. Splodges just
cant help it. They m ean wrell, but theyre pretty
hopeless really.

Splodge
This particular Splodge is no exception. He
relies entirely on Ruff and Tumble: for food, for
shelter, for love, for pocket money, for education.
He looks up to them, aspires to being ju st like
them one day. Splodge is an intelligent little
fellow, keen to learn new things, m eet new
people, and yet m ore than likely to forget his
homework. He has a natural curiosity which One last word about Splodge: h e s mischievous.
spurs him on to experim ent with everything that He puts glue in peoples shoes, and worms in
crosses his path - everything from Strawberry their beds. Nice worms. And, perhaps best of all,
Snow to the problem of the past simple. He he GETS AWAY with it!

3
 good-natured. H e looks after Splodge, puts him
right w hen he gets things wrong. N othing is too
Ruff is the green character. H e s an inventor and
m uch trouble.
quite impossible to live with. Im agine, if you will,
the person youd least like to go on holiday with: Tum ble is patient an d long-suffering. His attitude
th a ts Ruff. H e s highly enthusiastic b u t terribly to both Splodge and Ruff is alm ost fatherly. H e
im patient. H e s like a squirrel: twitchy and has long since given up trying to tam e Ruffs
nervous, clever an d alert, full o f energy an d zest enthusiasm s or stop Splodge from giving Fizzy Ink
for living. He to the n eighbours cat. H e s resigned to the fact
rushes about th at h e ll never read the new spaper in peace
from one room to because th e re s b o u n d to be an Eggbom b
an o th er thinking exploding in the lab or a G reen Pea Milkshake
u p absurd overflowing in the kitchen.
m achines and
potions. You c an t
pin him down for a
second. T h ere are
always Things To
Do. His
Dog-Walking
M achine is
legendary, his
Amazing Shrinking
Potion really works
an d his C hocolate
P aper is m u n ch ed
in classrooms
the world over.
Ruffs lab is a cavern full o f treasure. Bottles, test
tubes and phials stand on the shelves. O ctopuses
sit in boxes on the floor. A d in o sau rs skeleton
hangs from the ceiling as a rem in d er o f how n o t
to do things. Dust-laden books o f potions, plans of
past m achines an d scraps o f p ap er fill every
available space. Its a world o f mystery, o f
experim entation, o f excitem ent. T h e re s a sense
that anything could h appen. This is the place
w here Splodge accidentally feeds M ildred with
some fast-growing Beard Potion. I ts also the place
w here fantastic things com e to life - the Message-
S ender (see page 131) was developed here, so was
the Electric Mouse-Catcher. But beware the
W hen things becom e too m uch for him,
B oom erang Biscuit th at flies overhead an d the
Tum ble simply flops into a chair, clutches his
scuttling spiders th at crawl u nderfoot.
h ead between his paws, shuts his eyes, an d waits
for the storm to pass. H e s quietly intellectual.
Tum ble
T houghtful. Sleepy. A tiny island of stability
I feel sorry for Tum ble. H e s a sensitive soul. H e and com m on sense in an otherw ise m ad
has a lot to p u t up with. H e s im m ensely kind and world.

4 Introduction

Mildred and Mabel
You only have to look at these two to know
what theyre like. Theyre a couple of delightful
old ladies. Eccentric, perhaps, but supremely
tolerant of their neighbours activities. Mildred,
the taller and thinner of the two, has a pet
parrot. Mabel has a tortoise. They live next door
to Splodge in a tumble-down shambolic house
full of cobwebs and broken furniture. Mabel
drives a car, too fast usually. Both ladies are
indulgent to Splodge. They hand out advice,
give him sweets and look after his rabbit when
h e s on holiday.
M o and Snapper
Mo and Snapper are the heroes of Splodges
favourite comic. T h e res a new Mo and Snapper
comic every week, and Splodge eagerly rushes
down to Wibble Newsagents to buy it. O ther
than the fact that he has a crocodile as a best
friend, Mo is quite a norm al little boy. He has
a sister, Milly. He goes to school, reluctantly.
He doesnt like grammar, or homework, or
lettuce. He especially dislikes a boy at school
called Spike.
The Mo and Snapper chapters in these books
are designed to provide a change of context from
the world of Splodge. The gram m ar point is
presented by Mo and Snapper through the
cartoon. Once out of the confines of the cartoon,
Mo and Snapper becom e colour characters with
all the enthusiasms, interests and anxieties of
ordinary children.
How the book is organised
If you look at the contents pages, you will see
that grammatical topics are grouped according
to the parts of speech to which they belong -
unlike a coursebook, in which gram m ar points
are arranged in the order that they will be taught
in. This is because this is a series to dip into at
random , when the need arises, not to be worked
through systematically from start to finish.
Each chapter deals with a separate piece of
grammar. With the exception of contrastive
chapters where two related gram m ar points are
brought together, you will not find m ore than one
gram m ar point being taught. The series should
serve to support and extend whatever coursebook
you use in class. Thus, if you find that your
students are having difficulties with a particular
bit of gram m ar in the coursebook, you should be
able to find the corresponding chapter in the
gram m ar book.
Some of the m ore difficult gram m ar points have
been further sub-divided. WTiere a structure has
m ore than one use, m ore than one chapter has
been devoted to it. An example of this are the
three chapters which deal with the present
perfect. Chapter 8 only describes and practises
the present perfect in its general experience use
( I ve been to Italy.) while Chapter 9 treats the
present perfect for recent past (Hes just been to the
dentists.). C hapter 10 then deals with the present
perfect with for and since in its use for past up to
now (H es lived, there all his life.)
C hapters
The chapters vary in length according to how7
dem anding the gram m ar topic is.
T here is no fixed teaching time for any particular
chapter. You can use either only the parts of the
chapter that you need, or you can start at the
beginning and work through to the end.
Revision sections
Revision sections follow every group of chapters.
They differ from the main body of the text in that
many of the questions are inductive. The revision
Introduction 5
pages test w hat the students can rem em ber. They
are com prised o f very short exercises an d can be
done eith er in class o r at hom e.
V ocabulary
T he vocabulary in the books has b een selected by
two m ethods. T h ere is a core o f vocabulary used
in coursebooks at this level which has b een used
in this series too. M uch o f this will n o t pose any
problem s eith er to you o r your students. It will be
known. T h ere is also a lim ited am o u n t o f
vocabulary g en erated by the contexts. Fizzy Ink
and B oom erang Biscuits are an occupational
hazard in S plodges life an d have therefore h ad to
be incorp o rated into the vocabulary load o f the
books. No language learning can be interesting or
fun w ithout a few extra words. T h ere is a glossary
o f useful words on pages 185 an d 186. T he p art of
speech is indicated alongside each word an d a
space provided for the stu d en t to write in eith er a
translation or a definition. Users o f The Grammar
Champions edition have a translation already
provided.
Verb paradigm s
O n the inside fro n t an d back covers, you will find
tables of verbs. These include the p resen t and
past form s o f verbs in th eir long an d sh o rt forms.
T here is also a list o f irregular verbs on page 186.
In the series, the short form o f verbs has been
used th ro u g h o u t to m inim ise the risk o f
confusion, an d to reflect the language as it is
currently w ritten an d spoken.
D escription of a chapter
Presenting the g ra m m a r in context
G ram m ar is an integral p a rt o f language an d yet
in books is so often divorced from it. This series
seeks to provide contextualised gram m ar
th ro u g h o u t each chapter. To achieve this, there
are three discrete contexts: Splodge and his world,
the cartoon lives o f Mo an d Snapper, an d topic
chapters (please see page 9 for a description of
these). W hatever activity the characters are
engaged in at the start o f the ch ap ter is sustained
and exploited thro u g h the exercises. Every
ch ap ter starts with eith er a picture o r a cartoon
6 Introduction
strip in which the target gram m ar is briefly
presented. The target gram m ar may be recognised
by the fact that it is p rin ted or w ritten in bold .
C o n c e p t questions
T he first exercise in each chapter is a very simple
ticking the correct b o x exercise. It is designed to
get the students thinking about the gram mar.
Occasionally, in the Mo and S napper chapters, I
have included a question which helps to explain
the cartoon. You may of course wish to
supplem ent the concept questions with fu rth er
questions of your own. In the Splodge chapters
and the topic chapters particularly th ere is
considerable scope for asking the students
questions about the picture itself.
Rem em ber! boxes
T here are two kinds o f R em em ber box. T he first
refers the student to C hapter 44 o f the book
w here he will find a sum m ary of the parts of
speech and o th er basic points of gram mar. These
R em em ber boxes are a safeguard against the
possibility that a student may have forgotten
som ething which is about to be discussed in the
gram m ar box th at follows. Look at this exam ple
from C hapter 18:
REMEM BER! ^
Ydu can use the passive if you d o n t know who
does som ething or it isnt im p o rtan t who does it.
Splodge and Tumble often organise parties. = Active
(I know that Splodge an d Tum ble often
organise parties.)
Parties are often organised. = Passive
(I d o n t know who organises the parties, or it
isnt im p o rtan t who organises them .)
A
Som etim es w hen you use the passive, you w ant to
give m ore inform ation. If you w ant to say who
does the action, you can use by + person. Look:
R u ffs party is organised by Splodge.
The fireworks are provided by the Wibble Firework
Company.
The food is prepared by the M ud Pie Cafe.
H ere the student is rem inded what the passive is G ra m m a r boxes
so as to avoid any confusion or difficulty when he
D ivision o f grammar b oxes
reaches box A in which this term appears.
As you will see, the gram m ar within each chapter
The second type of Rem em ber box is one has been split into bite-size chunks. Each chunk is
which refers the student back to another labelled with a letter: A, B, C etc. D epending on
chapter in the book. This is a kind of what your requirem ents are, you may use all of
warning. Take, for example, Chapter 27 these or only those which deal with the area of
which deals with further tense changes in difficulty your students face.
reported speech. I would suggest that this
R ules in grammar b o x es
Chapter should not be used until students
All the gram m ar boxes give a rule followed by
are confident about the change from
examples (in italic type). The rule is addressed to
present to past in reported speech described
the student rather than the teacher. The reason
in Chapter 26. I have therefore inserted a
for this is to make the language as simple as
Rem em ber box rem inding them what happens
possible and to facilitate learning and revising
in reported speech, and giving a reference to
at home. W herever possible, grammatical
Chapter 26.
terminology has been avoided altogether and
the ru le presented m ore as an explanation of
REMEMBER! ^ the gram m ar than a conventional rule.
R eported speech is to tell somebody what a
person said to you. W hen you use reported speech
you do two things: you go back a tense and you
change the pronouns.
Speaker R eporter
I m tired. He said he was tired.
I cant hear. She said she couldnt hear.
I ll go to the shop. He said he would go to the shop.
See Chapter 26.

A
You already know that the present changes to the past.
Look what happens to the past simple.
Speaker R eporter
7 was in the lab. He said hed been in the lab.
7 invented a Message Sender. He said hed invented a Message Sender.
7 worked all night. He said hed worked all night.

B
Change the present perfect to the past perfect, too.
Speaker R eporter
Ive been awake all night. He said that hed been awake all night.
Ive built a machine. He said hed built a machine.

Introduction 7
H ere is an exam ple taken from C hapter 25 (T hird
condition al):

A
T hird conditional sentences are to talk ab o ut things that did or
d id n t h ap p en in the past. They have two halves. Look:
if half w o u ld /w o u ld n t have half
I f he hadnt had a business meeting, he would have gone on the ship.
I fh e had gone on the ship, he would have seen it sink.
If the Titanic hadnt hit an iceberg, it wouldnt have sunk.

C om pare this with the m ore usual rule given for series these are w ritten exercises b u t they can, in
the third conditional: m ost cases, also be done orally.
We use the third conditional to express an unreal or
imaginary past action. Exercises

This may be fine if it is aim ed at adults o r learners
who already benefit from a th o ro u g h knowledge
o f English, o r if it is subsequently translated into
the m oth er tongue, b u t to my m ind it is less than
satisfactory to a child trying to grapple with the
language. You will see th at th ro u g h o u t the series
I have ad o p ted a m ore child-friendly tone.
Inevitably some gram m atical term s do feature
from time to time, b u t they are usually p rep ared
for by a R em em ber box (see the exam ple o f
passives above).
Users o f The Grammar Champions edition will
notice that the gram m ar rules have been
translated for the student.
U se and fo rm
C hildren n eed to know why theyre learning a
particular structure. In every ch ap ter the use
o f gram m ar com es before the form . W ith luck,
this will help to give children a reason for
learning.
E xercises after gram m ar b o x e s
Both R em em ber boxes an d gram m ar boxes are
followed by a sh o rt exercise. These exercises
consist of an exam ple followed by four questions,
with the exception o f a few easier exercises in
which you will find six or eight questions. T he
exercise aims to consolidate the m aterial learn t
in the gram m ar box an d acts as a test of
u n d erstan d in g before you go on to the next
gram m ar box. T he exercise practises only the rule
taught in the gram m ar box. T h ro u g h o u t the
T he m ain exercises (which you will find in
the practice section in every chapter) bring
together all the gram m ar points taught in the
chapter.
T he em phasis th ro u g h o u t the series is on w ritten
exercises. These can be done as hom ew ork or in
class if tim e allows. Most exercises require ten
w ritten answers, though som etim es there may
be fifteen or twenty. Each exercise starts with
an exam ple or m odel (indicated by a triangle)
for the pupil to follow. W herever possible, there
is space for the pupil to write the answers in
the book itself. Only very occasionally you will
find th at the instruction calls for p ap er or a
notebook.
T here are several different types o f exercise in
the books. These range from fairly m echanical
drill-type exercises designed to build confidence
to exercises which require the pupil to think
an d produce language of his own based on the
gram m ar he has learn t in the chapter. T here are
also puzzles, crosswords, reading com prehensions,
cloze tests, writing activities, personalisation
exercises an d exercises providing for interaction
with o th er m em bers o f the class. You will notice
th at there is frequently a b section to exercises.
M ore often than n o t these provide an opportunity
for oral work, pairw ork or groupwork. Some
chapters also en d with a m ore light-hearted
exercise which can be done in teams or as a
class.

8 Introduction
Since the gram m ar book is used as a supplem ent about a man-eating tiger hunter amongst other
to the main coursebook you may find that there things. All of these are initially illustrated by
are m ore exercises than you or your students Korky Paul, the inimitable creator of Splodge, and
have either the time or need for. Because each then by photographs as the chapter progresses.
childs linguistic com petence is different we have O ther than that, the form at of a topic chapter is
quite deliberately squashed in as many exercises exactly the same as that of a Splodge or Mo and
as we can. This gives you the flexibility to pick Snapper chapter.
and choose- the exercises have been written to
As is the case with the Splodge and Mo and
allow you to select the ones you think will be most
Snapper chapters, the texts in the topic chapters
valuable to your particular students needs. While
are very short. They are designed to show the
it is written within the context set by the chapter,
gram m ar point in action, not as reading
each exercise is independent of those that
com prehension texts. The vocabulary used should
precede and follow it. There is no reason to feel
be known to your students but any unfamiliar
that you cannot, say, do Exercise 8 if you havent
words will be found in the glossary at the back of
done Exercise 7. You will not be at a disadvantage
the students book.
if you use only the exercises you have time for.
Additionally, any unused exercises may be set for Book Three extends the gram mar taught in
the purposes of revision or for holiday and Books One and Two and tackles new subjects such
rem edial work. as second and third conditionals and reported
speech. However, the m ethodology and approach
to the student rem ain the same as that of the
previous two books.
W h ats different about
Book Three?
Book Three introduces a new type of chapter.
These I call topic chapters. They are designed to
reflect the increased age of your students. The
opening texts are a collection of articles, poems,
jokes and other items of interest which Splodge
has come across. O n the first page of each of
these chapters you will see a picture of Splodge,
probably with a pair of scissors and a pot of glue,
ready to add his latest find to his scrapbook.
Explain to your students what h e s up to, then
read the passage in the usual way.
As you no doubt know yourself, pleasing all
students - both boys and girls - all the time is not
an easy task. I have tried to make the topics in
Book Three as neutral as possible. In other words
they are neither overtly boyish, nor overtly girlish.
In writing them , I have sought to make the
children laugh and to give them som ething of
interest to read. Thus you will find a medley of
silly jokes, a list describing the contents of a tiger
sharks tummy, a poem about mice (the origin of
which has rather too m uch basis in tru th ), some
strange facts about early false teeth, and an article

Introduction 9
Answ ers

Articles
A monster [vf
its their pond. [*f

Quantifiers
One
Yes
Pupils own answers. 2 Pupils own answers.
1 a giraffe. 3 These words should be ticked:
2 a vet. water, salt, metal, honey, butter, milk, money
3 a swimming-pool.
4 a dog. 4 1 some
2 any
Pupils own answers.
3 some
1 breakfast. 4 any
2 India
5 1 How much
3 Science.
2 How many
4 basketball.
3 How much
Pupils own answers. 4 How many
(1) The 6 1 There wasnt any glass.
(2) a 2 There werent any crabs.
(3) the 3 There wasnt any wood.
(4) The 4 There werent any lobsters.
the Nouns you can count Nouns you cant count
the bones glass
a crabs water
a fish oil
shoes metal
1 a 5 - 9 the
umbrella meat
2 the 6 an 10 a
anchor wood
3 a 7 a
coins gold
4 - 8 - paper
clock
(1) a (8) The (15) The bottle salt
(2) The (9) a (16) a lobsters
(3) a (10) The (17) The map
(4) The (11) a (18) The
(5) a (12) the (19) a 8a Pupils own answers.
(6) The (13) a (20) The
8b 1 How many car number plates did you fin d /
(7) a (1 4 )the
were there?
Pupils own answers. 2 How much water did you find/was there?
3 How many octopuses did you find/w ere there?
11 (1) the (6) an 4 How much salt did you find/was there?
(2) a (7) a 5 How many teeth did you find/w ere there?
(3) the (8) The 6 How much meat did you find/was there?
(4) an (9) the
8c Pupilsown answers.
(5) the (10) a

II
9a Pupils read thefacts about sharks.
9b There are a lot of different kinds of shark.
N ou n s
A few kinds of shark are in danger of becoming
extinct.
I Several suitcases !
Many sharks eat meat.
No 0^
Sharks only attack a few people in the world
every year. 1 tastes
There are a lot of babies in a tiger sharks 2 are
family. 3 make
Ham m erhead sharks swim in big groups. 4 comes
People catch a lot of sharks/m illions of sharks
1 much
every year.
2 a
Sharks have got a lot of teeth.
3 some
9 Some sharks are quite small.
4 many
10 Tiger sharks have got a lot of stripes.
1 advice
10 Pupils own answers.
2 spaghetti
3 news
4 traffic
Nouns you can count Nouns you cant count
suitcase luggage
books water
holiday traffic
aeroplane milk
city weather
ticket cheese
hotels spaghetti
airports information
job news
song work
taxi music
1 any/X'
2 some/|l<f
3 X /T h e
4 a lot of/ijEHCy
5 p te cji/ many
6 jpiasjy/much
7 y ( / some
8 much / ni&fidy
9 s o m e /X
10 a/s^wsSj
1 This spaghetti tastes nice!
2 Could you give me some advice, please?
3 This luggage is heavy!
4 The inform ation you gave me is wrong!
5 This cheese smells delicious.
6 The work I do is very difficult.
7 Mos advice is always bad.
8 The weather in England is usually terrible.
9 That music is too loud. Please turn it down.
10 The news doesnt sound good, does it?

12 Answers


Adjectives
Yes [*f
the same length as a train, s '
Adverbs of
manner
larger Loudly [?f
yellower/more yellow Yes
the widest 1 slowly
most expensive 2 happily
newer the newest 3 well
slower the slowest 4 easily
quicker the quickest Pupils own answers.
hotter the hottest
1 more loudly the most loudly
1 more colourful 2 more noisily the most noisily
2 the most beautiful 3 more correctly the most correctly
3 more poisonous 4 more beautifully the most beautifully
4 the most frightening
1 less
1 tastier the tastiest 2 faster
2 tidier the tidiest 3 the latest
3 dirtier the dirtiest 4 the worst
4 noisier the noisiest
1 as hard as
1 m as tall as you. 2 as fast as
2 arent as old as I am /as me. 3 as slowly as
3 m as clever as you. 4 as messily as
4 isnt as good as his.
1 harder the hardest
7a Adjective Comparative Superlative 2 more beautifully the most beautifully
easy easier the easiest 3 more neatly the most neatly
4 worse the worst
hard harder the hardest
5 faster the fastest
colourful more colourful the most colourful 6 less the least
dangerous more dangerous the most dangerous 7 more noisily the most noisily
heavy heavier the heaviest 8 more stupidly the most stupidly
9 later the latest
good better the best
10 more greedily the most greedily
far further furthest 11 better the best
noisy noisier the noisiest 12 more brilliantly the most brilliantly
tidy tidier the tidiest 13 more the most
14 earlier the earliest
shy shier the shiest
15 more tidily the most tidily
intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent
1 the hardest. 6 the most correctly
bad worse the worst
2 better 7 more slowly
wide wider the widest 3 earlier 8 the latest
fit fitter the fittest 4 less 9 better
healthy healthier the healthiest 5 the fastest. 10 more loudly
difficult more difficult the most difficult 9a 1 loudly 4 badly
2 slowly 5 fluently
7b Pupils own answers. 3 well
8 Pupils own answers. 9b Pupils own answers.
9 Pupils own answers. 10 Pupils own answers.
10 Pupils own answers. II Pupils own answers.

Answers 13
 Som ebody,
nothing, anywhere * Present sim ple
and continuous
1 No 1 Throwing tomatoes
his room. [?f Once a year 0
2 1 any 2 1 starts
2 some 2 finishes
3 any 3 enjoys
4 any 4 helps
3 These words should be circled: 3 1 are talking
1 somebody 2 are thinking
2 anybody 3 is sitting
3 somewhere 4 are waiting
4 Nobody
4 1 come
4 1 somebody 2 are booking
2 something 3 is writing
3 somewhere 4 likes
4 somebody
5a (1) pick (7) carries
5 1 Nobody. (2) load (8) strikes
2 Nothing. (3) drive (9) explodes
3 Nowhere. (4) cover (10) starts
4 Nobody. (5) decorate (11) drop
6 1 There isnt anything (6) plays (12) lasts
2 There isnt anybody 5b-c Pupilsown answers.
3 There isnt anybody
6 1 Farmers are driving big lorries from the tomato
4 There isnt anything
fields.
7 (1) somebody 2 The lorries are carrying tomatoes into Bunol.
(2) somebody 3 People are decorating the town square.
(3) anybody 4 Some ladies are covering the windows of their
(4) somebody houses.
(5) Nobody 5 Children are putting cardboard in front of their
doors.
8 (1) something 6 Cafes are selling coffee and ice cream.
(2) nothing
7 A band is playing music in the square.
(3) something
8 The first lorry is dropping tomatoes in the main
(4) anything
street.
(5) nothing
9 The crowd is shouting and laughing.
9 (1) anywhere 10 The clock is striking twelve o clock.
(2) anywhere 7/
(3) somewhere (1) s
(4) nowhere (2) play
(5) somewhere (3) aren t doing
(4) are joining
10 1 anybody 9 something (5) s wearing
2 nothing 10 nothing (6) knows
3 something 11 nowhere (7) are
4 Nobody 12 somewhere (8) is throwing
5 nobody 13 anything (9) wants
6 anywhere 14 somebody (10) is enjoying
7 somebody 15 nothing
8 anything

14 Answers
 Past simple and Present perfect
continuous simple and past
A very strong wind [*f
simple I
Splodge started reading. 0
These words should be circled: 1 No [?f
saw, played, lost, didnt like, looked Millys \j
These words should be circled: 2 1 No ^
was reading, was making, was walking, was trying 2 Yes S '
1 Tumble was doing a crossword. [*f 3 1 s, ridden
2 Mabel was driving her car. 2 went
3 Has, caught
1 was having, heard 4 read
2 were chatting, began
3 was feeding, fell 4 1 Snapper is at the shop now. [*f
4 was riding, knocked 2 Mo was with Pad but now hes back. [*f
1 Mrs Sweetfix was making ice cream when the 5a (1) saw
lights went out. (2) ve, seen
2 Mr and Mrs Rafbat were having a dinner party (3) Have, read
when their cat ran into the room. (4) bought
3 Professor Wild was testing his new invention (5) did, find
when lightning struck his laboratory. 5b 1 Yes, he has seen Jaws.
4 The policeman was reading a book when 2 He saw it a year ago.
Professor Wild telephoned. 3 No, he saw it on television.
5 The newsagent was opening his shop when he 4 No, h es never read the book.
heard a thunderclap. 5 He bought the book for Mo.
1 was filling teeth. 6 He bought it in the bookshop in the High
2 were walking their dog. Street.
3 was posting a letter. 6 Pupils own answers.
4 were flying kites.
5 was serving a meal. 7a-b Pupilsown answers.
6 was delivering letters.
7 were sunbathing.
8 was swimming.
9 was making notes.
10 were riding a skateboard.

(1) started (9) smashed

(2) was watching (10) was mending
(3) heard (11)saw
(4) was explaining (12) was mixing
(5) fell (13) spilt
(6) was talking (14) was clearing
0) snapped (15) realised
(8) was trying
Pupils own answers.

Answers
 Present perfect
sim ple and past
sim ple 2
Present perfect
sim ple and past
sim ple 3
1 No for fifteen years. sT
Yes [ / all his life. [*f
2 Present perfect Past simple 1 Yes [*f
1 0" 2 No [?f
2 S'
Pupils own answers.
3 a"
4 1 for
2 since
3 Pupils own answers.
3 for
4 1 Yes [*f 4 since
2 No [?f
5a These words should be underlined:
5 1 knew has hunted, gave, has kept, has studied, was, taught,
2 didnt exist made, were, has helped, has written, have read
3 have, made
5b 1 H es hunted man-eating tigers and leopards.
4 Have, fallen
2 His friend John gave him his first gun.
5 fell
3 He was eight years old.
6 stole
4 Yes, h es still got the gun.
7 made
5 H es studied the wildlife of the hills.
8 has, discovered
6 He taught himself to recognise the noises birds
9 hated
made when they were in danger.
10 ve, been
7 H es written a book about man-eaters.
6 (1) fell 8 Thousands of people have read the book.
(2) has com e/cam e
Pupils own answers.
(3) ve, looked
(4) has advised 1 shot
(5) left 2 has spent
(6) has, told 3 has had
(7) ve, been 4 was
(8) noticed 5 ran
(9) swam 6 have, been
(10) have seen 7 has known
8 decided
Pupils own answers.
9 has eaten
10 left

16 Answers
 1 No
Yes
1 a long time ago. 2 No a"
True No s '
2 These words should be underlined: 3 1 used to
s been running, s been jumping, s been practising, 2 used to
s been standing, s been swimming 3 used to
3 1 Ten minutes 4 used to
2 Yesterday evening 4 Pupils own answers.
1 Why are you tired? 5 1 She used to like rock music.
Ive been working hard. 2 She used to live in Fiddletown.
2 Why are you hot? 3 She used to work in a bank.
Ive been lying in the sun. 4 She used to like dogs.
3 Why are you cold? 5 She used to get up early.
Ive been standing in the snow. 6 They used to wear jeans.
4 Why are you wet? 7 They used to go jogging every week.
Ive been swimming. 8 They used to drive a van.
1 ve been swimming 9 They used to drink coffee.
s been reading 10 They used to eat spaghetti.
2
3 havent been watching 6a-b Pupilsown answers.
4 ve been eating
6 1 Has, been running
2 Have, been dancing
3 Has, been swimming
4 Have, been practising
7 1 s been lifting, for
2 s been drinking, since
3 s been practising, for
4 s been throwing, since
5 s been swimming, for
8 1 H es been swimming.
2 H es been reading.
3 H es been talking on the telephone.
4 H es been drinking fruit juice.
5 H es been running.
6 H es been doing the high jump.
7 H es been having a shower.
8 H es been skipping.
9 H es been lifting weights.
9 Pupils own answers.
10 Pupils own answers.

Answers
 Past perfect ^ Pupils read their answers to the class.
Pupils read the example.

v' sim ple b (1) dd hbrushed

ad
(2)
(3) d eaten
I I No ^
(4) d watched
1 The teacher left.
(5) d listened
2 1 She saw her friend, w (6) d been
2 Mo arrived late, (V) d read
(8) d had
Base verb Past simple Past participle d been
(9)
walk walked walked (10) d visited
1 see saw seen Pupils own answers.
2 m eet met met
3 open opened opened
4 speak spoke spoken
5 drink drank drunk

4 1 had shut
2 had gone
3 d eaten
4 d taken
5 1 Had, tidied
2 Had, found
3 Had, revised
4 Had, made
6 1 They went to the cinema.
2 They upset Snapper. [*f
3 They went shopping. [*f
4 Mo wasnt well. [?f
5 His grandparents went on holiday.
7 1 Snapper didnt enjoy the film because h e d
seen it before.
2 Mo got bad marks in his test because he h ad n t
revised.
3 Milly caught a cold because shed been out in
the snow.
4 Mos mum didnt go to work because the car
had broken down.
5 Snapper wanted a com puter game because h e d
seen it on television.
6 Billy changed schools because his parents had
moved house.
7 Mo went to the police station because h e d lost
his wallet.
8 Snapper couldnt buy any sweets because h e d
spent all his money.
9 The teacher punished Spike because h e d
cheated in a test.
10 Mo didnt recognise his cousin, because he
h ad n t seen him for a long time.
8a Pupils own answers.

18 Answers
 (3) On Wednesday Tumble and Splodge are visiting
G oing to, will Corbett National Park.
(4) On Thursday theyre driving to a town called
and present Varanasi.
(5) On Thursday theyre seeing the Ganges river.
continuous (6) On Friday theyre flying to the town of Agra.
(7) On Friday theyre visiting the famous Taj Mahal.
(8) On Sunday theyre going to Jaipur and seeing
the Pink City.
1 Go on holiday (9) On Sunday theyre climbing up to the Amber
Go to India @T Fort.
2 1 s going to buy sunglassesthis afternoon. (10) On Sunday theyre feeding the monkeys.
2 s going to read about India this evening.
3 m going to pack a suitcase tonight.
4 s going to take them to the airport on Monday.
3 1 Ill make
2 Ill answer
3 Ill open
4 Ill help
4 m going to
11 '

m going to
11 '

5 These words should be circled:

are helping, is driving, re leaving, is looking, s baby
sitting
6 1 Theyre going to choose some new T-shirts.
2 Theyre going to pack the suitcases.
3 Theyre going to find the passports.
4 Theyre going to get the visas.
5 Theyre going to go to the doctor for vaccines.
6 Theyre going to read some travel books.
7 Theyre going to look at some maps.
8 Theyre going to decide which towns to visit.
9 Theyre going to tidy the house.
10 Theyre going to write instructions for Mabel
and Mildred.
7 1 W eil look for your passport.
2 W eil shut your suitcase.
3 W eil go to the doctor with you.
4 W eil wash your T-shirts.
5 W eil lend you a sun hat.
6 W eil put the film in your camera.
7 W eil iron your safari suit.
8 W eil mend your sunglasses.
9 W eil buy you some swimming trunks.
10 W eil feed Sticky.
8 Pupils own answers.
9 (1) On Tuesday afternoon theyre boarding an
express train to the town of Dehra Dun.
(2) On Wednesday Ruff is exploring the Himalayan
mountains.

Answers 19

G o in g to and will
theyre going to go on holiday. [*if
The m oon

Passive I
Dr Quixit
somebody has bought it. [*f
2 1 going to 2 1 A
2 going to 2 P
3 going to 3 A
4 going to 4 P
3 These words should be circled: 3 These words should be circled:
1 11 brought, invented, sold, bought
2 wont
4 1 are shown
3 11
2 was bought
4 wont
3 Has, been tested
4 1 Yes S ' 4 will be given
2 Yes
5 1 was bought by the Inventors Club.
5 1 11 2 was given by Ruff.
2 re going to 3 will be signed by Dr Quixit.
3 s going to 4 has been bought by Tumble.
4 11
6 (1) are sent
6 1 are going to break. (2) is announced
2 re going to book a holiday. (3) are asked
3 re going to go to the moon. (4) are exhibited
4 s going to be a h ot day. (5) are tested
5 s going to build a hotel on the moon. (6) is checked
6 re going to go sailing. (7) are discussed
7 s going to have a picnic. (8) are given
8 re going to crash. (9) are taught
9 m going to be late. (10) are bought
10 re going to get wet. (11) is paid
(12) are awarded
7a 1 Aeroplanes will be quieter. Theyll carry more
people. 7 1 R uffs Dog-Walking Machine was tested.
2 Buses wont use petrol or diesel. Theyll use 2 R u ff s Tiny Talking Clock was bought on the
electricity. first day.
3 People wont stay at home. Theyll visit other 3 Some interesting speeches were given.
countries m ore often. 4 The Star-Catcher Telescope was broken.
4 Well book travel tickets by computer. 5 Physics and Chemistry were discussed.
5 People will stay in hotels on the moon. 6 The Underwater Motorbike was sold.
7 Cheques for thousands of pounds were written.
7b Pupils'own answers.
8 An Electric Mouse-Catcher was exhibited.
8a-b Pupilsown answers. 9 The Storytelling Machine was admired.
9 10 Two Everlasting Candles were lit.
Pupils own answers.
10 1 s going to
8 1 Two prizes have been awarded to Mrs
Vanderclash.
2 wont
2 Dr Quixits letter-writing machine has been
3 re going to
stolen.
4 11
3 The Quick-Thinking Potion has been tested.
5 11
4 Professor Thunderhead has been taken to
6 re going to
hospital.
7 will
5 The Amazing Unbreakable Egg has been
8 s going to
invented.
9 will
6 A new President has been chosen for the
10 m going to
Society.

20 Answers
9
10
Ruffs Wonderbook of Machines has been
published.
Ancient chemicals have been discovered in
Egypt.
Dr Fixits lab equipment has been returned.
The Tiny Talking Clock has been sold to
Passive 2
Yes
No &{
America.
1 Presents are bought.
(1) will be invited 2 The town is decorated.
(2) will be given 3 Music is played.
(3) will be organised 4 Fireworks are lit.
(4) will be read
1 Mabel
(5) will be shown
2 The Wibble Sweet Factory
(6) will be filmed
(7) will be interviewed 1 are being taken
(8) will be asked 2 are being brought
(9) will be announced 3 are being prepared
(10) will be exhibited 4 are being taken
1 The Unbreakable Egg was invented by Professor 1 was being played
Thunderhead. 2 were being hung
2 The young inventors are taught by world- 3 was being made
famous scientists. 4 were being sung
3 The inventors will be filmed by the New York
1 were being dressed in fancy dress costumes.
Television Company.
2 was being poured into Wibble fountain.
4 The Tiny Talking Clock has been bought by
3 were being brought to the square.
an American physicist.
4 were being blown up.
5 The Underwater Motorbike was ridden by
5 was being played.
Dr Quixit.
6 was being lit.
6 A lot of new inventions are bought by the
7 was being cooked on a barbecue,
Inventors Club in Moscow.
8 were being wrapped,
7 The Quick-Thinking Potion will be tested by
9 were being made,
Ruff.
10 was being decorated.
8 Three machines have already been sold by
Mrs Vanderclash. 1 The candy floss is being made by Wibble Sweet
9 Thousands of cups of coffee are drunk by the Factory.
inventors every year. The childrens costumes are being designed by
10 A new prize will be awarded by the President Mrs Rafbat.
of the Society next year. The mango juice cocktail is being mixed by
Professor Wild.
The ice cream is being sold by Mrs Sweetfix.
The decorations are being bought by Mabel
and Mildred.
The photographs are being taken by Jan and
Pat.
7 The music is being recorded by Mabel.
8 The bonfire is being lit by the Mayor of Wibble.
9 A fire-eater is being booked by Mr Catmonger.
10 A camel is being brought by Wibble Zoo.
8a-b Pupilsown answers.
9 Pupilsown answers.

Answers 21

1

The causative
Snapper [*f
No
3k ing form s
Inventing machines 0^
Eating mudpies 0^"
2 Four These words should be circled:
playing, fishing, driving, cleaning, inventing
3 1 cleaned
2 checked listening
3 typed teaching
4 painted sleeping
buying
4 1 is having
drinking
2 had
finding
3 was having/had
meeting
4 11 have / s having
drawing
5 1 She has her meals cooked.
4 1 making
2 She has her clothes washed.
2 riding
3 She has her car serviced.
3 Smiling
4 She has her windows cleaned.
4 biting
5 She has her shopping done.
6 She has her garden looked after. 5 1 digging
7 She has her lawn mown. 2 running
8 She has her letters posted. 3 Sitting
9 She has her clothes ironed. 4 swimming
10 She has her newspaper delivered.
6 These words should be circled:
6 1 He had a yacht built. running, speaking, cooking, doing, going, playing,
2 He had a video made. swimming
3 He had his portrait painted.
7 1 Object 0^
4 He had a house designed.
2 Subject 0^
5 He had his beard shaved.
3 Object
6 He had some flowers sent home.
7 He had his fortune told. 8a reading smiling
8 He had his hair cut. playing learning
9 He had some photographs taken. thinking wearing
10 He had a party organised. finding riding
drawing driving
7 Pupilsown answers.
building catching
biting swimming
fishing hiding
beginning losing
sleeping knowing
8b-c Pupilsown answers.
9a 1 Ruff is good at inventing machines.
2 H es bad at doing the washing-up.
3 H es good at painting pictures.
4 H es bad at saving money.
5 Tumble is good at telling stories.
6 H es bad at riding horses.
7 H es good at writing letters.
8 H es bad at tidying his bedroom.
9 H es good at cooking curry.
10 H es bad at watering the plants.

22 Answers

9b-c Pupils own answers.
10a (1 swimming
Verb patterns
(2 fishing
(3 catching
Because h es always hungry.
(4 cooking
Paper made of chocolate
(5 going
(6 Driving These words should be circled:
(7 riding likes, enjoys
(8 Studying
These words should be underlined:
(9 teaching
wants, promised
(10) talking
doing
I Ob He wants them to go swimming.
eating
He says h es good at catching fish.
inventing
Because driving is quite difficult.
shopping
Driving a car is more difficult.
He thinks studying verbs is bad for Splodge. to tidy
He never stops talking. to play
to go
II Pupils own answers.
to invent
5a He enjoys going to the cinema.
He likes going to the funfair.
He enjoys playing the drums.
He likes swimming.
He loves making Fizzy Ink.
He hates doing homework.
He loves practising the violin.
He hates going to the hairdressers.
He loves talking to Lionel.
He hates writing letters.
5b-c Pupils own answers.
6a 1 to do 6 to send
2 to invent 7 to work
3 to play 8 to drive
4 to go 9 to swim
5 to be 10 to teach
6b-c Pupils own answers.
7a (1) to work (6) to teach
(2) seeing 0) showing
(3) to know (8) to go
(4) to learn (9) to do
(5) to be (10) doing
7b H ed like to work at the zoo.
He enjoys seeing all the animals.
H es promised to teach Splodge how to feed the
animals.
He loves showing Splodge how to do things.
He mustnt forget to do his homework every Friday
night.
H es going to finish doing his Biology homework.

Answers 23
 First conditional Second
conditional I
1 cheated. 0^
2 1 (if Mo cheats)hell never learn anything.
No [*f
2 (if Snapper finds out) h e 11 be angry with Mo.
the future. 0^
3 (if you d o n t hurry up^well miss the film.
2 1 (if Milly became an actress)shed be very famous.
4 (if its sunny tomorrow)Mo and Snapper wont
2 (if Snapper left Mos family)Mo would be upset.
watch television.
3 (jfT saw a shark^)l wouldnt be frightened.
No
4 ( if it snowed next sum m er)!d be very surprised.
No
4 1 11 take him ice-skating. No S '
2 11 have a picnic. No S '
5 1 Ill show you my CD collection if you come to
wouldnt
my house.
d
2 H ell send me a postcard if he goes to France.
d
3 I wont help you if you d o n t help me.
wouldnt
4 Theyll come back hom e if they miss the plane.
5 1 1 wouldnt go to school if I became a film star.
6 1 If Mos friends come tomorrow, theyll listen to
2 I wouldnt pass any exams if I never went to
music.
school again.
2 If Mo doesnt find his wallet, he wont go to the
3 Id buy lots of comics if you gave me all your
cinema with Snapper.
pocket money.
3 If Mo gets m ore pocket money, h e ll save up for
4 Id be very tired if I talked for three days.
a guitar.
4 If its sunny, theyll play basketball. 6a-b Pupilsown answers.
5 If Mo doesnt pass his test, his parents wont
7 1 If I went to England, I w ouldnt eat fish and
give him a present.
chips.
6 If Mo tidies his bedroom, h e ll find his books.
2 If I stayed awake for a week, Id be ill.
7 If Mo falls off his skateboard, h ell h u rt himself.
3 If I found a tigers footprint, I wouldnt be
8 If Snapper eats too much, h e ll feel very ill.
frightened.
9 If Mo and Snapper go out in the snow, theyll
4 If I won a holiday, Id give it to my parents.
get very cold.
5 If I saw a UFO, I wouldnt tell anybody.
10 If Mo doesnt cheat again, his teacher will be
6 If I wrote a good story, Id read it to my friends.
pleased.
7 If I met a ghost, I wouldnt say hello.
7 Pupils own answers. 8 If I became a pop star, Id earn lots of money.
9 If I moved to America, Id go to an American
8 Pupilsown answers.
school.
10 If I failed all my exams, I w ouldnt go to
university.
8a-b Pupils'own answers.
9 Pupilsown answers.

24 Answers
 X Second Third conditional
r conditional 2
1 No &
No S'
1 No S' Because he didnt go on the ship. S'
No S' 2 1 ( if it hadnt sailed to America^)it wouldnt have
2 1 got crossed the Atlantic.
2 earned 2 (if it hadnt crossed the Atlantic^it wouldnt have
3 spent
sailed into an ice field.
4 didnt have/h ad n t
3 (if it hadnt sailed into an ice fiekQit wouldnt
3 1 Yes S' have hit an iceberg.
2 Yes S'
4 (if it hadnt hit an iceberg^)it wouldnt have sunk.
4a 1 If Ruff lived at the North Pole, h ed be very
cold. 3 Yes
2 If Mabel didnt have a tortoise, shed be lonely. Yes S'
3 If Splodge wrote more letters, h ed have more 4 1 Because it was dark.
penfriends. 2 Because Mr Morgan had a meeting.
4 If Mildred ate less chocolate, shed have better
teeth. 5 1 The captain wouldnt have hit the iceberg if
5 If Tumble didnt have a newspaper, hed buy h ed seen it.
one. 2 The Titanic wouldnt have sunk if the metal
had been stronger.
3 Mr Morgan would have gone if his company
6 If you read more books, youd know a lot more. hadnt organised a meeting.
7 If they had an aeroplane, theyd fly to Jamaica. 4 More people would have lived if there had been
8 If we knew aliens existed, wed be frightened. more lifeboats on board.
9 If I bought fewer sweets, Id have more money
to spend. 6 1 hadnt been, would have drowned.
10 If she drank more water, she wouldnt be thirsty. 2 had been, would have died.
3 hadnt had a meeting, would have gone
4b Pupils own answers. 4 hadnt sailed, wouldnt have hit
5 1 If I lived in Australia, Id see a lot of kangaroos. 5 hadnt been, would have frozen
2 If I never did my homework, Id get bad marks. 7a Pupils read the passage.
3 If I spoke ten languages, Id work as a
translator. 7b Pupilsown answers.
4 If I had a pet parrot, Id teach it to talk. 8 Pupils oum answers.
5 If I ate sweets all the time, I wouldnt have good
teeth. 9 Pupils own answers.
6 If I spoke Italian, Id visit Rome.
7 If I didnt have a dictionary, Id borrow one.
8 If I went to bed early every night, I wouldnt be
tired.
9 If I knew my favourite film stars address, Id
write to him.
10 If I hated peanut butter, I wouldnt eat it.
6a-b Pupils own answers.
7 Pupils own answers.
8 Pupils oum answers.

Answers 25

7 He said he would go to Hollywood.
Reported speech I 8 He said he would have a big house.
9 He said he would drive a sports car.
10 He said he could already ride a motorbike.
Mo 3^ 9a-b Pupilsown answers.
Snapper 0
. , , 10 Pupils own answers.
1 He said he wanted to stay in bed.
2 He said he d idn t want to go toschool. I I Pupils own answers.
1 was
2 liked
3 felt
4 needed
1 could stay at home.
2 could talk to Snapper.
3 would play a game with him.
4 could watch television.
1 Milly
2 Mo and Snapper
1 said he watched television.
2 said he played football.
3 said she wrote stories.
4 said he drew pictures.
5 said she visited friends.
6 said he went swimming.
7 said he read comics.
8 said he used the computer.
9 said she practised playing the guitar.
10 said she listened to music.
1 He said his children were called Myles and Karl.
2 He said he loved teaching.
3 He said he enjoyed travelling and visiting his
friends.
4 He said he didnt watch television very often.
5 He said he usually cooked his childrens supper.
6 He said his wife worked in a bank.
7 He said he played football with his sons every
day.
8 He said he d id n t like cats or dogs.
9 He said he hated getting up early.
10 He said his favourite pastimes were reading and
water-skiing.
1 He said he would be the worlds best footballer.
2 He said he could run faster than anyone in his
school.
3 He said he could hold his breath for ten
minutes underwater.
4 He said he could swim better than all the boys
in his class.
5 He said he could kick a ball further than his
football coach.
6 He said he would be rich and famous one day.

26 Answers
 8 He said h ed told them that wed been to the
Reported speech 2 moon.
9 He said h ed explained that wed invented
rockets.
1 No 10 He said he hadnt had a message back yet.
Mabel S '
10 (1) She said shed seen the map of the planets the
2 1 he couldnt find the radio. day before. It had been on the table.
2 she didnt believe in aliens. (2) He said the Message Sender had been in the
3 theyd send a message to Pluto. garden the night before.
4 there were lots of people on other planets. (3) She said if Ruff couldnt find it, shed
telephone the police that afternoon.
3 1 shed wanted
(4) He said those papers had been moved.
2 hed done
(5) He said hed search the lab that day.
3 shed been
4 hed sent 11 1 told
2 said
4 1 He said h ed invented a message-sending
3 said
machine.
4 told
2 He said h ed sent two messages to Pluto.
5 told
3 He said he hadnt received any messages yet.
6 said
4 He said he hadnt told many people about this.
7 told
S 1 the following week. 8 said
2 the day before. 9 said
3 that day. 10 told
4 there.
12 The machine is here.
6 These words should be circled: I cant go shopping tomorrow.
them, him, them, me I saw somebody in the garden this morning.
The sweet factory is on fire.
7 1 said Im going on holiday next month.
2 told I saw the film last week.
3 told
4 said
8 1 hed realised
2 hed decided
3 hed drawn
4 hed chosen
5 h ed thought
6 hed started
7 hed used
8 hed attached
9 hed connected
10 hed typed
9a Pupils read the passage.
9b 1 He said h ed decided that there was life on
Pluto and Saturn.
2 He said no one had investigated life on those
planets yet.
3 He said h ed sent thirty messages to them.
4 He said h ed asked them to contact us here on
Earth.
5 He said hed tried to explain to them what
human beings were.
6 He said hed described the way we lived on
Earth.
7 He said hed used pictures and photographs.

Answers 27
 9 1 Could/W ould you show me the castle?
Reported speech 3 2 Could/W ould you buy a newspaper?
3 Could/W ould you lend me a book?
4 Could/W ould you take me to the cinema?
1 False 5 Could/W ould you tell me the history of
True Wibble?
6 Could/W ould you sing me the Wibble song?
2 1 how old I was. 7 C ould/W ould you make me some tea?
2 what my nam e was. 8 Could/W ould you read me a story?
3 where I went to school. 9 C ould/W ould you tell me a joke?
4 what time it was. 10 C ould/W ould you lend me a map?
3 1 if
2 if
3 if
4 if
4 1 told me to sit down.
2 told me to answer the question.
3 told me not to run.
4 told me to come back.
5 1 asked me to carry
2 asked me to post
3 asked me to show
4 asked me to lend
6 1 She asked him who he lived with.
2 She asked him where his school was.
3 She asked him why h e d got a rabbit in his
arms.
4 She asked him when Wibble Castle closed.
5 She asked him how much a cinema ticket cost.
6 She asked him what colour his house was.
7 She asked him which his house was/which
house was his.
8 She asked him where she could buy a
newspaper.
9 She asked him how many cafes there were in
Wibble.
10 She asked him why he wasnt at school today.
7 1 He asked if he ate chocolate.
2 He asked if he could swim.
3 He asked if he lived in Wibble.
4 He asked if h ed got a lot of friends.
5 He asked if he knew the King of Candaroon.
6 He asked if his garden was full of rabbits.
7 He asked if he was very old.
8 He asked if he could stay in his house that
night.
9 He asked if he went to school.
10 He asked if he had got a car.
8 Pupilsoxvn answers.

28 Answers
 Ability Permission
1 True s ' 1 Go to a disco
True s ' Yes S '
2 Pupils own answers. 2 1 Can/C ould, w e/you can.
2 C an/Could, you cant.
3 Pupils own answers.
3 C an/Could, you cant.
4 Pupils own answers. 4 C an/Could, you can.
5 1 can 3 Pupils own answers.
2 can
4 1 isnt allowed to go wind-surfing tomorrow.
3 can
2 re allowed to go to the disco tonight.
4 can
3 m not allowed to stay at my friends house
6a-b Pupilsown answers. tonight.
4 re allowed to go to the cinema tomorrow.
7a-b Pupilsown answers.
5 1 May I put some music on the CD player?
(1) couldnt
2 May I have some of your after-shave?
(2) could
3 May I come home after eleven o clock?
(3) couldnt
4 May I use some of your bubble bath?
(4) could
5 May I have supper early tonight?
(5) could
6 May I borrow your hairbrush?
(6) couldnt
7 May I wear your T-shirt?
0) couldnt
8 May I use this toothpaste?
(8) could
9 May I try on your black shoes?
(9) could
10 May I wear your stripey socks?
(10) couldnt
6a 1 Could we have the afternoon off school?
9 Pupilsown answers.
2 Could we play a game in the next lesson?
10 Pupils own answers. 3 Could we draw on the board?
4 Could we have a picnic in the playground?
11 Pupilsown answers.
5 Could we write to some pen-friends?
6 Could we perform a class play?
7 Could we learn how to make pancakes?
8 Could we do a Chemistry experiment?
9 Could we hand in our homework late?
10 Could we do a class project?
6b 1 They werent allowed to have the afternoon off
school.
2 They werent allowed to play a game in the next
lesson.
3 They were allowed to draw on the board.
4 They werent allowed to have a picnic in the
playground.
5 They were allowed to write to some pen-friends.
6 They were allowed to perform a class play.
7 They werent allowed to learn how to make
pancakes.
8 They were allowed to do a Chemistry
experiment.
9 They werent allowed to hand in their
homework late.
10 They were allowed to do a class project.
7a-b Pupilsoum answers.

Answers 29
 Requests O bligation
1 Yes 1 True
Mo S ' False \Hf
2 Pupils own answers. 2 Pupils own answers.
3 1 Can you tidy my room, please? 3 Pupils own answers.
2 Can you find my pen, please? 4 1 should
3 Can you pass me the dictionary, please? 2 should
4 Can you look up a word for me, please? 3 should
5 Can you telephone Pad, please? 4 should
6 Can you make me a milkshake, please?
7 Can you finish my Maths homework, 5 (1) d o n t have to
please? (2) have to
8 Can you lend me a pencil, please? (3) have to
9 Can you turn the radio off, please? (4) d o n t have to
10 Can you bring me my notebook, please?
6 1 didnt have to
4 Pupils own answers. 2 had to
3 had to
5a-b Pupils own answers.
4 didnt have to
7a 1 You must oil the chain.
2 You must ring the bell.
3 You must clean the wheels.
4 You must wear a crash helmet.
5 You must polish the saddle.
7b Pupils own answers:
8 1 d o n t have to
2 doesnt have to
3 d o n t have to
4 d o n t have to
5 doesnt have to
1 d idnt have to
2 had to
3 d idnt have to
4 had to
5 had to
6 d idnt have to
7 had to
8 didnt have to
9 had to
10 didnt have to
I Oa-b Pupils own answers.
II Pupils own answers.

30 Answers
 Prohibition Advice
No S ' telling the actors what to do.
No S ' run away. S '
A grown-up S '
1 should
2 Pupils own answers. 2 should
3 should
3 Pupils own answers.
4 should
4 These words should be circled:
1 f I were you
isnt allowed to, m not allowed to, arent allowed to,
2 f I were you
arent allowed to
3 f I were you
5a You mustnt 4 f I were you
You mustnt
1 f I were you, Id drink more water,
You mustnt
2 f I were you, Id go to sleep,
You mustnt
3 f I were you, Id see a dentist,
You mustnt
4 f I were you, Id take more exercise,
5b Pupils own answers. 5 f I were you, Id telephone a friend,
6 f I were you, Id eat fewer sweets,
6a-b Pupilsown answers.
7 f I were you, Id eat more fruit,
7 Pupilsown answers. 8 f I were you, Id work harder,
9 f I were you, Id go to bed earlier,
10 f I were you, Id read more.
5 Pupils own answers.
6 Pupils own answers.
7a-b Pupils own answers.

Answers
 Deduction Possibility
1 No Fly
No No

2 1 must 1 might
2 must 2 might
3 must 3 might
4 must 4 might

3 1 cant 1 may
2 cant 2 may
3 cant 3 may
4 cant 4 may

4 1 cant have built 1 She m ight/m ay be upstairs.

2 cant have had 2 She m ight/m ay be at her friends house,
3 must have used 3 She m ight/m ay be in the kitchen,
4 must have been 4 She m ight/m ay be in the garden,
5 She m ight/m ay be in h er bedroom,
5 1 must 6 She m ight/m ay be in the bath,
2 must 7 She m ight/m ay be in the sitting-room,
3 cant 8 She m ight/m ay be out with Dad.
4 must 9 She m ight/m ay be on the telephone,
5 cant 10 She m ight/m ay be in Snappers tree house.
6 must
7 cant 5a They m ight/m ay go fishing in Ireland,
8 cant They m ight/m ay go wind-surfing in Greece,
9 must They m ight/m ay go bungy-jumping in Australia,
10 cant They m ight/m ay go sailing in Spain,
They m ight/m ay go sight-seeing in Italy,
6 (1) must have employed They m ight/m ay go skiing in Austria,
(2) must have worked They m ight/m ay go snorkelling in the Red Sea.
(3) must have known They m ight/m ay go rock-climbing in the Swiss Alps,
(4) must have pulled They m ight/m ay go riding in the South of France,
(5) must have carried They m ight/m ay go water-skiing in Turkey.
7 1 cant have had 5b-c Pupilsown answers.
2 cant have come
3 cant have carried
4 cant have painted
5 cant have known
8 1 must have fallen
2 must have been
3 cant have been
4 must have had
5 cant have cut
Pupils own answers.

32 Answers
 7 Would you like to read a book?
Offers Would you like to see the doctor?
Would you like an aspirin?
Would you like some ice cream?
I pink candy floss. Would you like a drink?
Ruff Would you like an apple?
Would you like some sweets?
Shall/ Can
Would you like to go to sleep?
Shall/Can
Would you like to listen to some music?
Shall/Can
Would you like to watch television?
Shall/ Can
Would you like a glass of milk?
1 Would you like Would you like to go to the cinema next week?
2 Would you like
8 Pupilsown answers.
3 Would you like
4 Would you like
1 Would you like to ride on the big wheel?
2 Would you like to see the clowns?
3 Would you like to visit the fortune-teller?
4 Would you like to go on the ghost train?
5a 1 Shall I clean Ruff s machines?
2 Shall I do the shopping?
3 Shall I wash Mabels car?
4 Shall I empty the dustbin?
5 Shall I make you a cup of tea?
6 Shall I help you wash up?
7 Shall I tidy the kitchen?
8 Shall I make supper?
9 Shall I post your letters?
10 Shall I get your newspaper?
5b Can I clean Ruff s machines?
Can I do the shopping?
Can I wash Mabels car?
Can I empty the dustbin?
Can I make you a cup of tea?
Can I help you wash up?
Can I tidy the kitchen?
Can I make supper?
Can I post your letters?
Can I get your newspaper?
Pupils own answers.
(1) Would, like to
(2 ) Shall
(3) Would, like
(4) Shall
(5) Would, like to
(6) would, like to
(7) would, like
( 8 ) Would, like
(9) Shall
(10) Would, like

Answers
 Prepositions and Q uestion tags
phrases of place, 1 Yes s '
tim e and Mo s '
2 1 Yes s '
m ovem ent 2 Yes s '
3 1 is he?
2 isnt he?
1 Last week S ' 3 is he?
in the cupboard. S 4 isnt he?
2 1 between Pupils own answers.
2 outside 1 wasnt she?
3 on
2 was he?
4 in 3 can he?
3 (1) across/ 4 cant they?
(2) into/D*fiI 1 aren t I?
(3) P t0 /alo n g
2 arent I?
(4) >e/ out of 3 arent I?
4 (1) at 4 aren t I?
(2) At 1 You aren t a very good painter, are you?
(3) On 2 Snapper can see Mos name, cant he?
(4) in 3 Milly can eat a lot of sweets, cant she?
5 1 this afternoon S ' 4 Im good at drawing, arent I?
2 out of S ' 5 They arent going to the cinema, are they?
3 in S '
4 along S" 6 You cant find Milly, can you?
5 outside 7 Were going now, arent we?
6 This 8 Milly cant swim, can she?
7 every 9 Theyre flowers, aren t they?
8 past S ' 10 Youre Mos friend, aren t you?
9 on
10 in S ' (1 aren t you?
(2 are you?
6 Pupils own answers. can he?
(3
7 1 movement. S ' (4 isnt he?
2 place. S ' (5 aren t they?
3 at (6 am I?
4 No (7 cant I?
5 Below the picture S (8 isnt he?
(9 aren t you?
8 (1) Yesterday (11) at
(10) is he?
(2) under (1 2 )in
(3) from (13) This 9a is it? 6 isnt she?
(4) to (14) up aren t I? 7 cant they?
(5) into (15) off isnt it? 8 aren t you?
(6) out of (16) onto cant he? 9 aren t I?
(7) down (17) At can they? 10 can we?
(8) along (18) past
9b Pupils own answers.
(9) into (19) Next
(10) round (20) out of

34 Answers
 Questions 2
nobody. S'
Mos dad S '

Short answers
No, he hasnt. S'
doesnt want his ears nailed to the floor. S'
Who These words should be underlined:
Whose No, you cant.
Where No, I dont.
When No, I wont.
3 1 What 3 Pupils own answers.
2 Which
4 Pupils own answers.
3 What
4 Which 5 1 No, I dont.
2 Yes, I will.
4 1 When is Mo coming?
3 No, you cant.
2 Why are Mo and Snapper laughing?
4 No, it isnt.
3 Where are Mo and Snapper?
5 No, I havent.
5 1 What size are your feet? 6 No, I dont.
2 Whose pen is this? 7 No, Twont.
3 Which bicycle is yours? 8 No, you cant.
4 What programmes do you like? 9 No, Im not.
10 No, I havent.
many
old 6a-b Pupils own answers.
much 7 Pupilsown answers.
quickly
did you bring?
did she drive?
did you catch?
did he kick?
8a 1 WhsC/Whose
2 Whose /3*CC
ow
4 How much/RnpSwogn^
5 ^fl5se /W hich
8b-c Pupilsown answers.
1 What 9 Who
2 How much 10 How many
3 How 11 Where
4 How much 12 How
5 Why 13 What
6 When 14 Which
7 How many 15 Why
8 Where
10 1 Who drove you to school?
2 Who did Mo help?
3 Who saw Snapper?
4 Who did he bring?
5 Who spoke to her?
6 Who did we watch?
7 Who did you carry?
8 Who lied to Mo?
9 Who wrote to you?
10 Who did you telephone?
Answers 35
 Relative clauses I
likes you. 0^
Pupils own answers.

1

Relative clauses 2
True [*f
Yes 0^
Splodge knows somebody who can walk on his 2 1 that dug a hole,
hands. 2 who wrote the story,
2 This is a machine that makes chocolate biros. 3 who drew the pictures,
3 I know somebody who likes painting trees. 4 that I read yesterday.
4 This is a machine that makes your bed.
The cat, which is orange, has got a flea in its
3 1 They fur.
2 They The flea, which wears a hat, is black.
Mr Korky, who draws a lot of pictures, uses a lot
4 1 whose car broke down.
of paint.
2 whose dog likes Sticky. The cat, which was in a bad mood, scratched
3 whose sister is a famous artist.
and scratched.
4 whose wife makes ice cream.
the cat
5 1 who writes books about chemicals.
my sister
2 who owns the London Laboratory.
3 who mends R uffs machines. The flea, which was black, laughed at the cat.
4 who visited Ruff in February. The cat, which had a flea in its fu r, asked
5 who won the Wibble race. people to help it.
6 who work at Wibble Castle. A hairdresser, who was called Tess, washed the
7 who taught Ruff Physics. cat.
8 who telephoned Tumble last week. A lion, which lived in the zoo, helped the cat.
9 who talks too much.
The pictures, which Mr Korky drew, always
10 who bought the Bath-Filling Machine.
make Freddy laugh.
6 Pupilsown answers. The story, which is in rhyme, is about a cat and
a flea.
7a 1 Its a machine that boils water.
3 The writer, who lives in Rodfox, has got a cat.
2 Its a machine that heats food.
4 The flea, which lived in the cats fur, was very
3 Its a machine that keeps things cold.
annoying.
4 Its a machine that dries clothes.
5 The cat, which couldnt stop scratching, went to
5 Its a machine that mixes food.
a car wash.
7b-c Pupilsown answers. 6 The car wash, which was full of soapy bubbles,
m ade the cat very wet.
8 (1) who (6) that
7 The flea, which laughed at the cat, jum ped
(2) that (7) who
onto a lion.
(3) who (8) that
8 The lion, which was very big and fierce,
(4) who (9) who
squashed the flea.
(5) that (10) that
9 The cat, which was very happy, thanked the
lion.
1 whose bicycle has got three wheels. 10 The lion, which had escaped from the zoo,
2 whose ice cream tastes wonderful. went to live with the cat.
3 whose brother was on television last night.
7a 1 Tom, whos Freddys dad, is very clever.
4 whose machine exploded.
2 Louise, whos Freddys mum, loves reading
5 whose medicines always work.
books.
6 whose milkshakes are world-famous.
3 Eloise, who loves Mr Korky, has read the story
7 whose parrot always looks tired.
about the cat.
8 whose trains are very fast.
4 Mr Long, whos Mr Korkys friend, wrote the
9 whose friend is called Splodge.
story.
10 whose husband makes unbreakable windows.
5 Mr Korky, who enjoys drawing, painted the
pictures.

36 Answers
1 The story, which is quite short, is about some
magic potions.
REVISION I
2 The potions, which do strange things, are in a articles; quantifiers
secret cupboard.
3 The laboratory, which is very big, is usually 1 I ve been herefor an hour. \^f
locked. Splodge cant play the drums. S '
4 The red potion, which the professor invented, Did you have lunch yesterday ? S "
makes your hair grow.
2 Use a or an the first/eea!cl time you talk about
5 The blue podon, which the assistant stole,
makes your dreams come true. something. Use the the Jo*!/ second time you talk
about something.
1 who
3 a
2 which
The
3 which
a
4 who
The
5 which
a
6 who
The
7 which
8 who 4 Are there lots of spiders in the world?
9 which Yes S '
who
If you want to say that there are lots of things that
are the same you use ...
a/an .
5 Does Ruff know which kitchen Splodge is talking
about?
Yes
6 Do you know how many bottles?
No S '
Do you know how much water?
No
7 Use a few with nouns you can/afi3 count.
Use a bit o f with nouns you J a tf/cant count.
8 You can use any with all nouns in negative sentences
and in questions.
9 Use a lot of and some with ...
nouns you can count. {*
nouns you cant count. S '

Answers 37
REVISION 2 REVISION 3
nouns; adjectives; adverbs present and past tenses

1 traffic I Present Past

information eat ate
luggage 0 eat ate
advice S ' eats ate
sugar eats ate
spaghetti S ' eats ate
eat ate
2 advice
eat ate
luggage
eat ate
weather
traffic 2 The present simple is to talk about things ...
you do again and again.
3 Id likeX^some information.
Would you like>c7some spaghetti? The present continuous is to talk about things ...
The news i s / g o o d ! youre doing now.
Let me give you $&(/some advice.
3 Use the present simple/cgBriwatajs with like, love,
The weather is /|* ^ nice today.
hate, think, understand, believe, know, want.
The taQs/traffic is bad in my town.
4 dropped
4 better
rode
the best
saw
worse
talked
the worst
knew
more dangerous
the most dangerous 5 The past |Jipte/continuous is to talk about things
bigger you were in the middle of doing at a time in the
the biggest past.
5 Is Splodge thinner than his friend? 6 was sailing
No S ' hit
W hos the more intelligent? 7 What happened first?
Ruff S ' I started watching a film. &
6 Slowly is ...
an adverb.
7 more messily
the most messily
more
the most
worse
the worst
less
the least
8 as, as
as, as
as, as
as, as

38 Answers
REVISION 4 REVISION 5
present perfect; past perfect future; passive

1 ve gone 1 s seeing
s gone m visiting
arent playing
2 havent met
hasnt met 2 You can use the present stfJle/continuous to talk
about things youve arranged to do in the future.
3 Do you know when Splodge read the comics?
No 0"" 3 Whos already decided to write a book?
Mo
Is it important when he read them?
No 0 Who suddenly decides to write a book?
Snapper
4 Mo has gone to the beach.
Is Mo at the beach now? 4 How does he know theres going to be a
'Vfes 0^ thunderstorm? He knows because ...
he can see the clouds. 0^
Mo has been to the beach.
Is Mo at the beach now? 5 What words can you use to give information about
No [jsf the future?
You can use will and wont.
5 yet
just 6 Omelettes are made with eggs. 0""
already The conference was held in New York.
Good news! All the mice have been caught. 0^
6 since
Splodge will be given a present tomorrow. 0*"
for
for 7 When do you use the passive?
since When you dont know who does the action. 0^
7 ve, spoken 8 Use by + person if you want to say who does the
called action.
8 Is Splodge still reading? 9 is cleaned.
Yes 0^ has been made.
will be taken on holiday.
9 ve been running.
has been stolen.
s been running.
10 What happened first?
His friends left. 0^
II d swum.
d eaten.
d read.
d given.

Answers 39
REVISION 6 REVISION 7
used to; causative, ing form s; verb patterns conditionals; reported speech

1 Does Ruff wear funny clothes now? 1 The present simple

No 2 First conditional sentences are ...
Does Mabel sing pop songs now? to talk about the future. S '
No S' 3 Do I think Ill see a dinosaur?
2 Pupilsown answers. No Sf
3 Did Splodge cut his hair himself? 4 In the if half of second conditional sentences you
No S' use the past simple, in the other half you use
w ould/ wouldnt.
Is Mabel going to service the car herself?
No [*f 5 Am I a millionaire?
No
4 had his hair cut.
had his bicycle mended. Am I a dog?
No l*f
5 Reading
Reading 6 You can use were and werent instead of was and
wasnt in second conditional sentences.
6 ing forms can be the subject or the object of a
sentence. 7 If I were you is to give somebody ...
some advice.
7 Pupils own answers.
8 Yes./Yes, he did.
8 Use to + base verb after the verbs decide, forget,
He got wet.
hope, learn, need, promise, want, would like /lo v e /
hate. 9 Use had or hadnt + past participle in the if half of
third conditional sentences.
9 to go
to learn
to write
to catch

40 Answers
REVISION 8 REVISION 9
reported speech ability; permission; requests; deduction

1 He said that he was hot. 1 Do seals know how to swim?

She said shed play the drums. 0^ Yes
They said they were going out. S f
Do seals know how to speak?
2 In reported speech, the present tense changes to No &
the past.
Did Splodge know how to read when he was three?
3 In reported speech you go ... No
back a tense.
2 will be able to
4 In reported speech can changes to could and
3 Pupilsoum answers.
will changes to would.
4 Pupilsown answers.
5 What else changes in reported speech?
The pronouns 0^ 5 Can Splodge go to the disco?
Yes 0
6 These two sentences mean ...
the same thing. 0^ Did he go to the cinema yesterday?
No
What word can you leave out?
that 6 These sentences mean ...
the same thing. 0^
7 (that) he was going to his house.
(that) shed found a cat in the garden. Which word do more people use?
(that) he couldnt play the piano. can l /
(that) shed left her bicycle there.
7 Could you make me a sandwich?
(that) h ed help him tomorrow.
Would you open the door, please?
8 must
cant
9 To make the past of must and cant, use must or
cant + have + past participle.

Answers 41
REVISION 10 REVISION 11
obligation; prohibition; advice; possibility prepositions and phrases o f place, tim e and
m o vem e n t
1 Can you choose to go to bed at ten?
No 1 They tell you ...
where things are.
Can I choose to stay at home?
No 2 Pupils own answers.
2 The past of have to and dont have to is had to and 3 in
didnt have to. on
at
3 Pupilsown answers.
4 at
4 Can I eat lots of bars of chocolate?
in
No at
Who do you think says things like this? in
Grown-ups, teachers, parents in
on
5 mustnt is stronger than shouldnt.
at
True
at
6 Pupils own answers.
5 With expressions like yesterday, last week, tomorrow,
7 These sentences mean ... next year etc. y o u d o n t need a preposition of
the same thing. S ' time.
8 If I were you, ... 6 Prepositions and phrases of movement tell you ...
how things move and where they move to.
9 Is Ruff sure Splodge will h u rt himself?
No 7 I walked ~pfC/ past the bank.
I went TjlEeslgfi/ up the stairs.
10 What two words can you use to say you think
I got></ out of the car.
something is possible?
I walked along/yjsefejr the street.
might and may
I climbed jrpjpotJCj^/over a wall.
I jumped.3trtCC/ off the wall.
I ran across /jjeJwegji the High Street.
I went into /te<6 the newsagents.

42 Answers
REVISION 12
questions; short answers; relative clauses

1 Does the speaker think its a good book?

Yes
2 If the first part of the sentence is negative,
the question tag is positive.
If the first part of the sentence is positive,
the question tag is negative.
3 isnt he?
cant you?
arent I?
isnt she?
arent we?
can they?
wasnt he?
was he?
4 You can make short answers with be, can, do, have
and will.
5 Pupils own answers.
6 Relative clauses tell you more about ...
nouns. S '
7 Pupilsown answers.
8 You usually use non-defining relative clauses in ...
writing. 0
9 Ruff, who looked very angry, shouted at Dr
Quixit.

Answers