mnemonics CROUP - S/Sx X - X-ray shows collapse

HYPERNATREMIA SSS
FRIED SALT S - Stridor  PNEUMONIA -  risk factors 
F - Fever (low), flushed skin  S - Subglottic swelling  INSPIRATION 
R - Restless (irritable)  S - Seal-bark cough I - Immunosuppression 
I - Increased fluid retention & increased BP  N - Neoplasia 
E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)  SHORTNESS OF BREATH - Causes S - Secretion retention 
D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth  AAAA PPPP  P - Pulmonary oedema 
A - Airway obstruction  I - Impaired alveolar macrophages 
SALT  A - Angina  R - RTI (prior) 
S - Skin flushed  A - Anxiety  A - Antibiotics & cytotoxics 
A - Agitation  A - Asthma  T - Tracheal instrumentation 
L - Low-grade fever  P - Pneumonia  I - IV dug abuse 
T - Thirst P - Pneumothorax  O - Other (general debility, immobility) 
P - Pulmonary Edema  N - Neurologic impairment of cough reflex, (eg
HYPERKALEMIA - Signs & Symptoms  P - Pulmonary Embolus NMJ disorders)
MURDER
M - Muscle weakness  CROUP - S/Sx
U - Urine, oliguria, anuria  HYPERNATREMIA SSS
R - Respiratory distress  FRIED SALT S - Stridor 
D - Decreased cardiac contractility  F - Fever (low), flushed skin  S - Subglottic swelling 
E - ECG changes  R - Restless (irritable)  S - Seal-bark cough
R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid) I - Increased fluid retention & increased BP 
E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)  SHORTNESS OF BREATH - Causes
HYPERKALEMIA - Causes D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth  AAAA PPPP 
MACHINE A - Airway obstruction 
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS  SALT  A - Angina 
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory  S - Skin flushed  A - Anxiety 
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury  A - Agitation  A - Asthma 
H - Hypoaldosteronism/ hemolysis  L - Low-grade fever  P - Pneumonia 
I - Intake - Excessive  T - Thirst P - Pneumothorax 
N - Nephrons, renal failure  P - Pulmonary Edema 
E - Excretion - Impaired HYPERKALEMIA - Signs & Symptoms  P - Pulmonary Embolus
MURDER
HYPOCALCEMIA  M - Muscle weakness 
CATS U - Urine, oliguria, anuria  s/sx
C - Convulsions  R - Respiratory distress 
A - Arrhythmias  D - Decreased cardiac contractility  1. PTB – low-grade afternoon fever.
T - Tetany  E - ECG changes 
S - Spasms and stridor R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid) 02. PNEUMONIA – rusty sputum.
BLEEDING - S/Sx HYPERKALEMIA - Causes 03. ASTHMA – wheezing on
BEEP MACHINE expiration.
B - Bleeding gums  M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS 
E - Ecchymoses (bruises)  A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory 
E - Epistaxis (nosebleed)  04. EMPHYSEMA – barrel chest.
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury 
P - Petechiae (tiny purplish spots) H - Hypoaldosteronism/ hemolysis 
I - Intake - Excessive  05. KAWASAKI SYNDROME –
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION - inducing N - Nephrons, renal failure  strawberry tongue.
drugs E - Excretion - Impaired
STOP breathing  06. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA – red beefy
S - Sedatives and hypnotics  HYPOCALCEMIA  tongue.
T - Trimethoprim  CATS
O - Opiates  C - Convulsions  07. DOWN SYNDROME – protruding
P - Polymyxins A - Arrhythmias  tongue.
T - Tetany 
PNEUMOTHORAX - S/Sx S - Spasms and stridor 08. CHOLERA – rice watery stool.
P-THORAX
P - Pleuretic pain  BLEEDING - S/Sx 09. MALARIA – stepladder like fever
T - Trachea deviation  BEEP with chills.
H - Hyperresonance  B - Bleeding gums 
O - Onset sudden  E - Ecchymoses (bruises) 
R - Reduced breath sounds (& dypsnea)  10. TYPHOID – rose spots in
E - Epistaxis (nosebleed) 
A - Absent fremitus  abdomen.
P - Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)
X - X-ray shows collapse
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION - inducing 11. DIPTHERIA – pseudo membrane
PNEUMONIA -  risk factors  drugs formation
INSPIRATION  STOP breathing 
I - Immunosuppression  S - Sedatives and hypnotics  12. MEASLES – koplik’s spots.
N - Neoplasia  T - Trimethoprim 
S - Secretion retention  O - Opiates  13. SLE – butterfly rashes.
P - Pulmonary oedema  P - Polymyxins
I - Impaired alveolar macrophages  14. LIVER CIRRHOSIS – spider like
R - RTI (prior)  PNEUMOTHORAX - S/Sx varices.
A - Antibiotics & cytotoxics  P-THORAX
T - Tracheal instrumentation  P - Pleuretic pain  15. LEPROSY – lioning face.
I - IV dug abuse  T - Trachea deviation 
O - Other (general debility, immobility)  H - Hyperresonance  16. BULIMIA – chipmunk face.
N - Neurologic impairment of cough reflex, (eg O - Onset sudden 
NMJ disorders) R - Reduced breath sounds (& dypsnea) 
17. APPENDICITIS – rebound
A - Absent fremitus 
tenderness.
18. DENGUE – petechiae or (+)
Herman’s sign.
19. MENINGITIS – Kernig’s sign (leg
flex then leg pain on extension),
Brudzinski sign (neck flex = lower leg
flex).
20. TETANY – hypocalcemia (+)
Trousseau’s sign/carpopedal spasm;
Chvostek sign (facial spasm).
21. TETANUS – risus sardonicus.
22. PANCREATITIS – Cullen’s sign
(ecchymosis of umbilicus); (+) Grey
turners spots.
23. PYLORIC STENOSIS – olive like
mass.
24. PDA – machine like murmur.
25. ADDISON’S DISEASE – bronze like
skin pigmentation.
26. CUSHING’S SYNDROME – moon
face appearance and buffalo hump.
27. HYPERTHYROIDISM/GRAVE’S
DISEASE – exopthalmus.
28. INTUSSUSCEPTION – sausage
shaped mass, Dance Sign (empty
portion of RLQ)
29. MS – Charcot’s Triad (IAN)
30. MG – descending muscle
weakness
31. Guillain Barre Syndrome –
ascending muscle weakness
32. DVT – Homan’s Sign
33. CHICKEN POX – Vesicular Rash
(central to distal) dew drop on rose
petal
34. ANGINA – Crushing stubbing pain
relieved by NTG
35. MI – Crushing stubbing pain which
radiates to left shoulder, neck, arms,
unrelieved by NTG
36. LTB – inspiratory stridor
37. TEF – 4Cs’ Coughing, Choking,
Cyanosis, Continous Drooling
38. EPIGLOTITIS – 3Ds’ Drooling,
Dysphonia, Dysphagia
39. HODGEKIN’S DSE/LYMPHOMA –
painless, progressive enlargement of
spleen & lymph tissues, Reedstenberg
Cells
40. INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS –
Hallmark: sore throat, cervical lymph
adenopathy, fever
41. PARKINSON’S – Pill-rolling tremors
42. FIBRIN HYALIN – Expiratory Grunt
43. CYSTIC FIBROSIS – Salty skin
44. DM – polyuria, polydypsia,
polyphagia
Nurses Licensure Exam NLE NURSING
45. DKA – Kussmauls breathing (Deep PRACTICE 05
Rapid RR)
Answer the 20 item exam
46. BLADDER CA – painless hematuria
and get your scores below!
47. BPH – reduced size & force of
urine
48. PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS – 1. When 40 year old Tom was admitted to the
Nikolsky’s sign (separation of hospital, he frequently exposes himself to female
epidermis caused by rubbing of the staff nurses. He derives pleasure at the sight of
shrieking woman. This is behavior is known as:
skin)
A. Necrophilia
49. RETINAL DETACHMENT – Visual
Floaters, flashes of light, curtain vision
B. Sadism
50. GLAUCOMA – Painfull vision loss,
tunnel/gun barrel/halo vision C. Voyeurism
(Peripheral Vision Loss)
D. Exhibitionism
51. CATARACT – Painless vision loss, 2. The nurse responds to this behavior by:
Opacity of the lens, blurring of vision
52. RETINO BLASTOMA – Cat’s eye A. Ignoring his behavior, realizing that he
reflex (grayish discoloration of pupils) has low self-esteem
53. ACROMEGALY – Coarse facial
feature
B. Informing him that the behavior is
unacceptable, limit setting is appropriate
54. DUCHENNE’S MUSCULAR
DYSTROPHY – Gowers’ sign (use of
hands to push one’s self from the
floor) C. Holding a ward meeting where unit
appropriate behavior is discussed
55. GERD – Barretts esophagus
(erosion of the lower portion of the
esophageal mucosa) D. Ask the Psychiatrist to confront Tom�s
behavior
56. HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY –
Flapping tremors
3. In order to get into areas of sex life of a patient,
the nurse must first be:
57. HYDROCEPHALUS – Bossing sign
(prominent forehead)
58. INCREASE ICP – HYPERtension A. Secure about her own sexuality
BRADYpnea BRADYcardia (Cushing’s
Triad)
B. Knowledgeable in what is proper and
59. SHOCK – HYPOtension TACHYpnea
what is improper sexual behavior
TACHYcardia
60. MENIERE’S DSE – Vertigo, Tinnitus
C. Keen about the varieties of sexual
61. CYSTITIS – burning on urination expressions
62. HYPOCALCEMIA – Chvostek &
Trosseaus sign D. Interested, natural and human
63. ULCERATIVE COLITIS – recurrent
bloody diarrhea 4. When the nurse enters the patients room and
sees him openly masturbate, what is the best
approach to follow?
64. LYME’S DSE – Bull’s eye rash
A. Provide privacy and leave the patient
 B. Warn the patient that masturbation can
lead to serious illnesses
C. Report the incident to the head nurse
and record the observation
D. Tell the patient that masturbation is an
unacceptable
5. Baffy, 25y/o was sexually abused by a pedicab
driver while on her way home from work one
evening as a cashier in a 24 hour convenience
store. She was brought to the ER with bruises all
over her body. She was crying uncontrollably &
appears to be very anxious. Nurse Lena
therapeutically communicates with her, saying:
A. You are very upset, calm yourself first
Baffy. I can�t understand you.
B. I know something terrible & horrifying
happened to you.
C. Would you like to relate to me what
happened?
D. Can you identify your abuser?
6. For victims of sexual abuse like Baffy, nurse
Lena can help lower her level of anxiety by:
A. Assessing her family history
B. Allowing her to express feelings &
concern
C. Identifying coping mechanisms
D. Teaching about human sexuality
7. Emergency care to be given for Rape victims
are as follows:
___ 1. If a victim calls the hospital, tell her not to
bathe, shower, wash or change clothes, just go the
directly to the hospital
___ 2. Provide privacy and be judgemental
___ 3. Stay with the victim, focus on physical
safety & emotional security
___ 4. Assist in pelvic examination to collect
evidences such as semen, stains
A. 1,2,3
B. 2,3,4
C. 1,2,4 B. Initiative vs. guilt
D. 1,3,4 C. Trust vs. Mistrust
8. In providing nursing care for Baffy during her
acute stress reaction to rape trauma, Nurse Lena D. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
applies which of the following?
12. The best strategy that the nurse can use to
provide a trusting relationship with an autistic
A. Collaboration with community agencies child like Sheila is to:
B. Crisis intervention techniques A. Reinforce positive behavior through
praise and rewards
C. Physical assessment
B. Explain to the child activities and
routines
D. Teaching & Learning principles
C. Provide a structured environment
9. To become a patient advocate to rape victims,
nurse Lena should note the following
responsibilities:
D. Convey warmth through touch
A. Since this is a legal case, call the press 13. A distinguishing factor that separates conduct
disorder from oppositional defiant disorder in
children include the following:
B. Isolate the patient first to provide
privacy while attending to other patients
A. Obvious symptoms at birth
C. Postpone the physical examination, until
the patient is calm B. Violation of rights of others
D. Perform thorough physical assessment C. Opposition to authority
& document objectively all evidences of rape
10. Sheila, 5 years old, was diagnosed as autistic D. Angry outburst
since she was 1 year old. This disorder is
characterized by:
14. A normal response to hospitalization for a
young child is:
A. Anxiety induced involuntary stereotype
motor movements
A. being emotionally upset
B. Inappropriate behavior, poor attention
span with impulsivity B. withdrawal from the family
C. Negativistic, hostile and defiant C. regressive behavior
behavior
D. free-floating anxiety
D. Failure to develop interpersonal skills
15. Prevention of mental retardation begins:
11. At her age, Sheila is at what stage of
psychosocial development?
A. As soon as pregnancy is suspected
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. With family planning
 20. B. problems are resolved

C. During the first trimester of pregnancy B. Encourage the parents to discuss these
issues with the mental health team

D. During the second trimester of

pregnancy C. Provide literature regarding the disorder
and its management
16. The real issue in school phobia is not the
school itself, but the:
D. Tell the parents they are overreacting to
the problem
A. separation from the mother
20. The final stage of nurse-client relationship is
the termination phase where the:
B. teacher

A. problems are identified

C. school work

B. problems are resolved

D. hostile classmates

C. problems are examined

17. The priority nursing action for a child with
Separation Anxiety disorder is:

D. contract is specified
A. Assist the child to return to school
immediately with family support answer

1. D. Exhibitionism
B. Arrange for a home-school teacher to
visit for 2 weeks 2. B. Informing him that the behavior is
unacceptable, limit setting is appropriate

3. A. Secure about her own sexuality

C. Encourage family discussion of various
problem areas 4. A. Provide privacy and leave the patient

5. B. I know something terrible & horrifying

D. Use play therapy to help the child happened to you.
express his feelings
6. B. Allowing her to express feelings & concern
18. A child with a depressive disorder is likely to
exhibit: 7. D. 1,3,4

8. B. Crisis intervention techniques

A. Negativism and acting out 9. D. Perform thorough physical assessment &

document objectively all evidences of rape

B. Sadness and crying 10. D. Failure to develop interpersonal skills

11. B. Initiative vs. guilt

C. Suicidal thoughts 12. D. Convey warmth through touch

13. B. Violation of rights of others

D. Weight gain
14. A. being emotionally upset
19. The parents of a child with Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity disorder tells the nurse that they 15. B. With family planning
have tried everything to calm their child and
nothing has worked. Which action is most 16. A. separation from the mother
appropriate initially?
17. C. Encourage family discussion of various
problem areas
A. Actively listen to the parents concern
18. B. Sadness and crying
before planning interventions
19. A. Actively listen to the parents concern
before planning interventions