BSEE Project Proposal

Automatic seizure detection using EEG recording

Submitted by

Ubaid Ullah 049

Muhammad Alyan Ansari 061

Muhammad Usman Ayub 083

Supervisor

Name of Supervisor: Dr. Nabeel

Supervisors Designation: Head of Department (HOD-EE)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI CAMPUS

October 2017

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Table of Contents

Title Page ...................................................................................................................1

Table of Contents.......................................................................................................2

Problem Statement ....................................................................................................3

Objectives of Project..................................................................................................3

Literature Review .......................................................................................................3

Methodology for Implementation of Project .............................................................4

Project Schedule Plan ...............................................................................................6

Gant Chart.............................................................................6

References ................................................................................................................7

Undertaking...............................................................................................................8

Supervisor Comments ...............................................................................................9

In-charge Academic Cell Remarks..........................................................................10

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1. Problem Statement

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a technique which is used to display and record the electrical
activity
of the brain in the form of a graph to make a diagnosis and in the management of seizures and other
neurological dysfunctions. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals can be used by a proficient
neurologist
to detect any abnormalities inside the brain.
Despite the advent of MRI and CT scan, EEG continues to be one of the few valuable mobile
techniques available that offers accurate temporal resolution which is neither possible with CT nor
MRI. However, even EEG readings can make mistakes. As we have stated before, EEG is a
technique used to diagnose patients for any seizures and epilepsy. There are a few cases where a
patient who does not have any neural abnormality is diagnosed as positive for seizures. These
patients are considered false positive while patients with seizures are considered true positive [4].
Thus, it is evidently clear that a probability of error exists where a healthy person is diagnosed as a
patient with seizures. It is also important to note that the monitoring of EEG signals of a patient
manually for an entire day is extremely challenging and exhausting [2].
Therefore the study intends to develop an automatic EEG classification system.

2. Objectives of Project

The objective of our project is to devise a method that can automatically classify an EEG signal for
different seizure levels in such a way that achieves a minimum overlapping of positive and positive
to reduce cases of false negative and false positive.

3. Literature Review

Selvin Pradeep Kumar and Ajitha, from the department of ECE, wrote a paper on epileptic seizure
detection in EEG by feature extraction of seven features like bispectral entropy, bispectral squared
entropy, bispectrum phase entropy etc. Their paper also dealt with the study of the normal, pre-ictal
(background) and ictal (epileptic) EEG signals using Higher Order Spectra (HOS) [4].

Another paper, with the same purpose but with different methodology, was written by Meenakshi
Sood and Sunil V.Bhooshan. Both of them worked in the department of ECED at Jaypee University
of Information Technology. Like the previously mentioned paper, this paper proposed the idea of
epileptic seizure detection in EEG. However, statistical methods for handling regression and
classification are different from the methods implemented in the previously mentioned paper like
artificial neural network, support vector machine, Naive Bayes classifier and others. Also, the
features extracted for selecting and classifying were entropy, energy and standard deviation of the
EEG signal [5].

Lasitha S. Vidyaratne and Khan M. Iftekharuddin, both Members of IEEE, wrote a paper on the real
time detection of epilepsy using EEG. They proposed a method that obtains harmonic multi-
resolution and self-similarity based fractal features from EEG for the detection of epileptic seizures.
The algorithm implemented in this method was effective for both short term scalp and long term
intracranial and scalp EEG analysis [6].

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Palani Thanaraj Krishnan and Parvathavarthini Balasubramanian, from the department of electronics
and instrumentation engineering and computer science and engineering respectively, wrote a paper
on the automatic detection of seizures from EEG using S transform. In this paper he proposed a
technique for reducing analysis time of EEG signals using FT spectrum. The aim was to reduce time
taken for analysis and decrease manual work load for physicians. In this method, S transform was
used to give the TF spectrum of the EEG signal, which was then needed for computing the entropy
feature on the basis of which the classifier detects for any seizures. The entropy features were
computed through a least square support vector machine (LSSVM) which is an extension of support
vector machine (SVM) [7].

Tessie Edison, Muhammed Shanir P. P and Shaleena Manafuddin, from the department of electronics
and electrical engineering, wrote a paper on the analysis of EEG signals for seizure detection on the
basis of two time domain features. In this method, the time domain analysis of the signals used line
length and energy as features for aiding in the classification of the EEG signals for seizures. The
classifying algorithms used were quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), K-nearest neighbour (KNN)
and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) [8].

Nidal Rafiuddin, Yusuf Uzzaman Khan and Omar Farooq, from the department of electrical
engineering, wrote a paper on the detection of seizures by drawing a distinct line between seizure
activity and non-seizure activity. In this work, a wavelet based technique in combination with
statistical methods (IQR & MAD) was adopted to extract features that could differentiate between
seizure activity and non-seizure activity. Features used were the energy and coefficient of variation
applied on the decomposed signal along with IQR and MAD applied to raw signal [9].

Boualem Boashash, Ghasem Azemi and Nabeel Ali Khan, from the department of electrical
engineering, wrote a paper on the detection of neural anomalies in new born using EEG. In paper, the
features extracted for the detection of any mental anomalies are defined in a time frequency joint
domain through the use of quadratic time frequency distribution. It also proposed a method for
detecting and reducing artifacts and noise in the EEG signals [2].

4. Methodology for Implementation of Project

We plan to implement our project through MATLAB simulation along with an EEG simulator. Our
algorithm will classify EEG signals on the basis of a given EEG database.
Firstly, we require a collection of database regarding EEG tests as well as inputs from expert
neurologists for our classification method. Other than that, we will process the given EEG signal for
artifact and TF feature extraction from it.
Once the EEG signals have been cleansed of all noise and interferences and processed for analysis
and classification, the EEG signals will go through a segmentation process for breaking down the
signal into segments. These segmented signals will go through feature extraction for the analysis of
all the necessary features. On the basis of these features, a classifier algorithm will sort out and
classify these signals at different levels of mental anomalies.

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1- Data Collection:

a) EEG Simulator
b) Real Database
c) Develop/Acquire own database

2- Analysis:
Analyze EEG signal in time frequency and joint -time frequency domain
3- Feature Extraction:
Definition of features that can be used for classification
4- Classification:
Using Extracted features to train a classifier

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5. Project Schedule Plan

Phase 1:

Collection of literature One Weeks

Study of literature Two Weeks

Segmentation and feature analysis Three Weeks

Implementation of feature extraction Two Weeks

Phase 2:

Collection of EEG database Two Weeks

Training of classifier Four Weeks

Result Formulation Two Weeks

Final Write-up & Thesis Submission Four Weeks

6. Gantt Chart

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7. References

[1] Mokhtar Mohammadi, Nabeel Ali Khan & Ali Akbar Pouyan (2016). Automatic seizure detection
using a highly adaptive directional timefrequency distribution.

[2] Boualem Boashash, Ghasem Azemi & Nabeel Ali Khan (2014). Principles of timefrequency
feature extraction for change detection in non-stationary signals: Applications to newborn EEG
abnormality detection.

[3] Nabeel A. Khan & Sadiq Ali. Classification of EEG signals using adaptive time-frequency
distributions.

[4] Meenakshi Sood & Sunil V.Bhooshan (2014). Automatic Processing of EEG signals for Seizure
Detection using Soft Computing Techniques.

[5] Ajitha.L & Selvin Pradeep Kumar.S (2014). Early Detection of Epilepsy using EEG signals.

[6] Lasitha S. Vidyaratne & Khan M. Iftekharuddin (2016). Real-Time Epileptic Seizure Detection
Using EEG.

[7] Palani Thanaraj Krishnan & Parvathavarthini Balasubramanian (2016). Automated EEG Seizure
Detection based on S-Transform.

[8] Tessie Edison, Muhammed Shanir P. P & Shaleena Manafuddin (2016). Time Domain Analysis
of Epileptic EEG for Seizure Detection.

[9] Nidal Rafiuddin, Yusuf Uzzaman Khan & Omar Farooq (2011). Feature Extraction and
Classification of EEG for Automatic Seizure Detection.

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8. Undertaking
We, hereby declare that the project proposed is through the reference of Dr. Nabeel Ali Khans thesis
and other references mentioned in this proposal.
We, through this undertaking, shall be liable and responsible for all efforts and actions taken for this
project and fulfill all obligations to the best of our skills.

Signature: ___________________

Ubaid Ullah
Enrollment #: F141BBSEE049

Signature: _____________________

Muhammad Alyan Ansari

Enrollment #:F141BBSEE061

Signature: _____________________

Muhammad Usman Ayub

Enrollment #:F141BBSEE083

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10. Internal Supervisors Comments

Recommendation for Project:

Signature of Supervisor
Dr. Nabeel Ali Khan
Head of Department Electrical Engineering

11. Head of Department Remarks

Do not write anything here. For official use only.

Signature of HOD

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